scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FERMENTATIVE EXTRACT OF Lactobacillus acidophilus AS ANTIMICROBIALS AGAINST Aeromonas hydrophila

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mst Nahid Akter ◽  
Roshada Hashim ◽  
Amalia Sutriana ◽  
Siti Azizah Mohd Nor
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cell Free Extract ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of the commercial Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) cells and cell free extract against Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila). The in vitro method was carried out using well diffusion method. For in vivo evaluation, the effect of L. acidophilus on the survival rate of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (P. hypophthalmus) infected with A. hydrophila was evaluated. The well diffusion method showed a significant inhibition ability of L. acidophilus cells against A. hydrophila compared to the cell free extract. The inhibition diameters obtained with cells and cell free extract were 17.23 mm and 15.17 mm, respectively. P. hypophthalmus injected with L. acidophilus cells and cell free extract following challenged with A. hydrophila cells showed survival rate of 70% and 60% respectively, at 2-week post challenged. The gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) result revealed that a diverse of compounds was detected in both the L. acidophilus cells and cell free extract, among them the most abundant component was pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl), which showed a promising anticancerous activity and might be played a significant role in the recovery of the infectious P. hypophthalmus. The current study revealed that both cells and cell free extract of L. acidophilus have antimicrobial activity against A. hydrophila.

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial effect of Euterpe oleracea Mart. and Theobroma grandiflorum hydroalcoholic extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lew Kan Sprenger ◽  
Elane Guerreiro Giese ◽  
Jeannie Nascimento Dos Santos ◽  
Marcelo Beltrão Molento
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

This study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of these species against strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared from dried leaves, pulp and seeds of E. oleracea Mart. and T. grandiflorum by continuous percolation with 70% ethyl alcohol. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against four microorganisms by the agar disc diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. The antimicrobial activity showed that the açai pulp and seeds possessed significant inhibition in Clostridium perfringens (320 and 640 MIC), Staphylococcus aureus (80 and 320 MIC) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (640 and 2560 MIC). Cupuassu extracts showed no effect on any bacteria. The use of açai extract products can be a sustainable, viable and an accessible alternative for antimicrobial treatment. New studies should be conducted to determine better results for acai herbals and new formulations of cupuassu extracts.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory and Antimicrobial Activity of Babassu Mesocarp Improves the Survival in Lethal Sepsis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S. B. Barroqueiro ◽  
Dayanna S. Prado ◽  
Priscila S. Barcellos ◽  
Tonicley A. Silva ◽  
Wanderson S. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Immunological Activity

Attalea speciosasynOrbignya phalerataMart. (babassu) has been used in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases.Aim of the study. To investigate the antimicrobial and immunological activity of babassu mesocarp extract (EE).Material and Methods.Thein vitroantimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion assay and by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) toEscherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Enterococcus faecalis,Staphylococcus aureus,and methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). The flavonoids and phenolic acids content were determined by chromatography. Thein vivoassays were performed in Swiss mice submitted to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The mice received EE subcutaneously (125 or 250 mg/Kg), 6 hours after the CLP. The number of lymphoid cells was quantified and the cytokines production was determined by ELISA after 12 h.Results.EE was effective as antimicrobial toE. faecalis,S. aureus, and MRSA. EE is rich in phenolic acids, a class of compounds with antimicrobial and immunological activity. An increased survival can be observed in those groups, possibly due to a significant inhibition of TNF-αand IL-6.Conclusions.The EE showed specific antimicrobial activityin vitroand an important antiseptic effectin vivopossibly due to the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Azithromycin against Legionella Species

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Michio Koide ◽  
Takayuki Miyara ◽  
Futoshi Higa ◽  
Nobuchika Kusano ◽  
Masao Tateyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Legionella Species

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from Ficus spp. leaves against the fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halyna Tkachenko ◽  
Lyudmyla Buyun ◽  
Elżbieta Terech-Majewska ◽  
Zbigniew Osadowski
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Abstract The main goal of this study was to determine in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from the leaves of various Ficus species against Aeromonas hydrophila isolated locally from infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) with the aim of providing scientific rationale for the use of the plant in the treatment of bacterial infections induced by Aeromonas spp. in fish. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on Muller-Hinton agar with the disc diffusion method. In the present study, most ethanolic extracts proved effective against the A. hydrophila tested, with 10-12 mm inhibition zones observed. A. hydrophila demonstrated the highest susceptibility to F. pumila. Among various species of Ficus with moderate activity against A. hydrophila, the highest antibacterial activities were noted for F. benghalensis, F. benjamina, F. deltoidea, F. hispida, and F. lyrata. Thus, Ficus can be used as a natural antiseptic and antimicrobial agent in veterinary practice. Further investigations need to be conducted to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds that can then be subjected to detailed pharmacological studies and the development of clinical applications. The alarming rate of increasing resistance in bacterial pathogens in aquaculture environments means that medicinal plants with antibacterial properties are very important as natural resources of new active compounds.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Genotoxicity Assessment of Two Heterocyclic Compounds Containing 1,2,3-Selena- or 1,2,3-Thiadiazole Rings

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mousa L. Al-Smadi ◽  
Reem Mansour ◽  
Amjad Mahasneh ◽  
Omar F. Khabour ◽  
Majed M. Masadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Strong Antimicrobial Activity

New 1,2,3-thiadiazole and 1,2,3-selenadiazole derivatives, (4-[4-((4-bromobenzyl)oxy)-phenyl]-1,2,3-thiadiazole (5a), 4-[4-((4-chlorobenzyl)oxy)-phenyl]-1,2,3-thiadiazole (5b)), (4-[4-((4-bromobenzyl)oxy)-phenyl]-1,2,3-selenadiazole (6a), and 4-[4-((4-chlorobenzyl)oxy)-phenyl]-1,2,3-selenadiazole (6b)), were prepared and screened in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microbes. In addition, two compounds (5a and 6a) were examined for their in vivo genotoxicity using rats and an 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assay. Compounds 5a and 5b were found to be highly active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, a significant inhibition of urinary 8-OHdG level (50.2%) was observed upon treatment of animals with 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of compound 6a (p < 0.0001). However, compound 5a increased urinary 8-OHdG levels. The lethal dose (LD50) values for compounds 5a and 6a were determined by an up-and-down procedure (OECD 425; OECD 1998), which showed that these compounds are safe, since the LD50 was >5000 mg/kg b.w. Thus, the tested compounds might have the potential for use as antibiotics, since they have low genotoxicity and strong antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SYNTHETIC FLAVONOIDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Prabhulingayya S Bhixavatimath ◽  
Yasmeen Maniyar ◽  
Akram Naikawadi ◽  
Vijayakumar D
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Oxidative Cyclization ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Introduction: In recent times, most of the currently available antimicrobial agents have developed resistance. Extensive pharmacological activities including bactericidal and bacteriostatic nature of flavonoids, made them as priority agents in this aspect of research study. Synthetic flavonoids such as hydroxy thiophen derivatives were considered to evaluate for antimicrobial activity in this study.   Objective: The present study involves the analysis for antimicrobial activity of thiophen substituted synthetic flavonoids. Methods: Claisen-Schmidt method of condensation fallowed by oxidative cyclization reactions from substituted hydroxyacetophenone with aromatic aldehydes were used to synthesize the various analogues of flavonoid compounds. Then these compounds after their FTIR, 1H NMR, MS spectral characterization and elemental analysis, were screened for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity by using disc diffusion method followed by determining their respective zone of inhibitions. Results: All the synthesized test flavonoid compounds exhibited the good antibacterial and antifungal  spectrum activity over B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeurugenosa bacteria and Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger fungal microbes. However compounds such as F1, F2 and F4 showed moderately significant antibacterial activity against P. aerugenosa organism than the other test compounds and the same F1 and F2 test compounds exhibited significant antifungal activity at100µg concentration. Conclusion:  The present study demonstrated that the novel thiophen substituted flavonoids (F1, F2, F3 and F4 ) found to have promising antimicrobial and antifungal activity which needs to be confirmed by in vivo studies.

scholarly journals Antibacterial efficacy of spice extracts against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus – An in-vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Pooja Latti ◽  
R. Subramaniam ◽  
G. M. Prashant
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition

Objectives: To evaluate the antibacterial activity of black pepper, Indian bay leaf, cinnamon, and cumin against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus in-vitro and to determine their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Materials and Methods: The spices (cinnamon, cumin, Indian bay leaf, and black pepper) were obtained from local market, were dried and powdered. Solvent extracts were prepared with methanol by maceration, followed by filtration and evaporation. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using cup plate diffusion method, followed by determination of MIC of the extracts. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test was used for pairwise comparison. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All the four extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity. Cinnamon demonstrated maximum activity against S. mutans (zone of inhibition of 18.1 mm ± 0.30) and L. acidophilus (zone of inhibition of 17.9 mm ± 0.44) with the least MIC against the organisms (<0.05 mg/ml). Conclusion: All the spice extracts tested demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans and L. acidophilus. On comparison of the antibacterial activities of all the four extracts, cinnamon extract emerged as the potent agent.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan ekstrak daun inai (Lawsonia inermis l.) sebagai bakterisida terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila yang menginfeksi ikan lele sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus)

DEPIK ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofyatuddin Karina ◽  
Mimie Saputri ◽  
Muhammad Naufal
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Measured Parameter ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis

<p><strong><em>Abstract. </em></strong><em>The objective of this research was to find out the effectiveness of henna leaf extract (Lawsonia inermis L.) on A. hydrophila in vitro and its effect on the survival rate of Clarias gariepinus that infected by those bacterias in vivo. The research was conducted at chemistry laboratory of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Syiah Kuala University and at Microbiology laboratory, Brackishwater aquaculture Department Center, Ujong Batee on Avril to September, 2015. The research involved in vitro test with the inhibition zone as measured parameter and in vivo test with the survival rate value as measured parameter. The treated concentrations were 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% of extract. The result of in vitro test showed that henna leaf extract was effective against A. hydrophila with the inhibition zone for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% extract were 5.45; 5.7; 6.5; 7.5; and 9.6 mm, respectively. The result of ANOVA test showed that henna leaf extract has a significant effect on the survival rate of catfish (P&lt;0.05). The best survival rate was obtained at 4% of extract  concentration.  </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Aeromonas hydrophila</em>; <em>henna leaf extract; catfish</em><em></em></p><p><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun inai (<em>Lawsonia inermis L.</em>) terhadap <em>A. hydrophila</em> secara <em>in vitro</em> dan pengaruhnya secara <em>in vivo</em> terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan lele sangkuriang (<em>Clarias gariepinus</em>) yang terinfeksi bakteri ini dengan cara perendaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium kimia, FKIP Unsyiah dan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Balai Budidaya Perikanan Air Payau (BBAP) Ujong Batee pada dari bulan April hingga bulan September 2015. Penelitian ini meliputi uji <em>in vitro</em> dengan parameter uji berupa zona hambat ekstrak terhadap bakteri dan uji <em>in vivo</em> dengan parameter uji berupa nilai kelangsungan hidup ikan lele sangkuriang pasca perlakuan dengan ekstrak. Konsentrasi perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5%. Hasil uji <em>in vitro </em>menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun inai (<em>Lawsonia inermis </em>L.) terbukti<em> </em>efektif terhadap <em>Aeromonas hydrophila </em>dengan<em> </em>nilai zona<em> </em> hambat secara berturut-turut terhadap konsentrasi 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5%<em> </em>adalah 5,45; 5,7; 6,5; 7,5; dan 9,6 mm. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun inai berpengaruh nyata (P&lt;0,05) terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan lele sangkuriang. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi ekstrak 4%.</p><div><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong> :<strong><em> </em></strong><em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>; ekstrak daun inai; ikan lele sangkuriang   </p></div>

scholarly journals Selection of lactic acid bacteria as a probiotic and evaluated its performance on gnotobiotic catfish Clarias sp.

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Enita Romasni Turnip ◽  
Widanarni, Widanarni ◽  
Anja Meryandini
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Feed Conversion

<p class="JudulBabdenganNomor">ABSTRACT</p><p class="JudulBabdenganNomor"> </p><p>This study aimed to select lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a potential probiotic that producing anti‒microbial compounds in order to treat motile aeromonads septicemia diseases caused by <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> on catfish <em>Clarias</em> sp. and evaluated its performance on gnotobiotic catfish. The <em>in vitro</em> assay was done to select several LAB isolates based on antagonistic activity against pathogenic bacteria. The selected isolate was tested <em>in vivo</em> to observe their ability to improve growth performances of catfish. The study was conducted with five treatments consists of K‒ (normal catfish without addition probiotic, without challenge test), K+ (normal catfish without addition of probiotic, with challenge test), Np (normal catfish with addition of probiotic and challenge test), G (gnoto catfish without addition of probiotic, with challenge test), and Gp (gnoto catfish with addition of probiotic and challenge test). The results showed that the addition of <em>Pediococcus pentosaceus</em> E2211 as selected probiotic could increase survival rate, specific growth rate, and immune response towards infection of <em>A. hydrophila</em>. The best survival rate after challenge test was obtained in Np and Gp treatments (88.46%), followed by G treatment (65.38%), while the K+ was only 53.84%. The conclusion of this study was <em>P. pentosaceus</em> E2211 potentially used as a probiotic candidate for normal and gnotobiotic catfish. The presence of normal microflora with <em>P. pentosaceus</em> E2211 in Np treatment showed the best probiotic performance with daily growth rate 3.28%, feed conversion ratio 1.79, and total intestinal bacteria reached 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/mL significantly different from other treatments (P&lt;0.05).</p><p>Keywords: <em>Aeromonas hydrophila,</em> catfish, LAB, probiotic, screening</p><p> </p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyeleksi bakteri asam laktat (BAL) sebagai probiotik potensial penghasil senyawa antimikrob guna menanggulangi penyakit <em>motile aeromonad septicemia</em> akibat <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> pada ikan lele <em>Clarias </em>sp. dan evaluasi kinerjanya pada ikan lele gnotobiotik. Pengujian <em>in vitro </em>dilakukan untuk menyeleksi beberapa isolat BAL sebagai kandidat probiotik berdasarkan aktivitas antagonis terhadap bakteri patogen. Isolat terpilih kemudian diuji <em>in vivo</em> untuk mengetahui kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan performa tumbuh ikan lele.<em> </em>Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu: K‒ (lele normal tanpa probiotik dan tanpa tanpa diuji tantang), K+ (lele normal tanpa probiotik dan diuji tantang), Np (lele normal diberi probiotik dan diuji tantang), G (lele gnoto tanpa probiotik dan diuji tantang), dan Gp (lele gnoto diberi probiotik dan diuji tantang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian probiotik terpilih BAL <em>Pediococcus</em><em> pentosaceus</em> E2211 mampu meningkatkan sintasan, laju pertumbuhan, dan respons imun ikan lele terhadap infeksi <em>A. hydrophila</em>. Sintasan terbaik pascauji tantang diperoleh pada perlakuan Np dan Gp yaitu sebesar 88,46%, diikuti perlakuan G sebesar 65,38%, sementara pada K+ hanya mencapai 53,84%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah isolat BAL terpilih <em>P. pentosaceus </em>E2211 berpotensi sebagai kandidat probiotik untuk ikan lele normal dan lele gnotobiotik <em>Clarias </em>sp. Keberadaan mikroflora normal yang berasosiasi dengan <em>P. pentosaceus </em>E2211 pada perlakuan Np menunjukkan kinerja probiotik terbaik dengan nilai laju pertubuhan harian 3,28%, rasio konversi pakan 1,79 dan total bakteri usus mencapai 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/mL yang berbeda signifikan dibanding perlakuan lainnya (P&lt;0,05).</p><p>Kata kunci: <em>A. hydrophila,</em> BAL, ikan lele, probiotik, seleksi</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Mouthwash Incorporated with Silica Nanoparticles against S. aureus, S. mutans, E. faecalis: An in-vitro Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Manali Deb Barma ◽  
Srisakthi Dorai Kannan ◽  
Meignana Arumugham Indiran ◽  
S. Rajeshkumar ◽  
R. Pradeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Silica Nanoparticle ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Silica based nanoparticles are used in various fields of medical sciences to diagnose, control disease, for genetic disorders, owing to their size, surface area, biocompatibility and low toxicity. In dentistry, silica nanoparticles have been used as dental filler, teeth whitening agent but limited evidence is there regarding antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. Therefore, the current study was conducted to assess the anti-bacterial activity of mouthwash incorporated with silica nanoparticles against oral pathogens. Tetraethoxysilane, ammonium hydroxide, absolute ethanol were used and centrifuged to obtain the silica nanoparticle pellet. XRD analysis was done to confirm the characterization of the thus obtained silica nanoparticle. The mouthwash was prepared with the synthesized silica nanoparticle as the main constituent. Agar well diffusion method was used to assess the antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, S. aureus and E. faecalis. The XRD analysis confirmed the amorphous nature of the synthesized silica nanoparticles. The zone of inhibition was found to increase as the concentrations increased mainly for S. aureus and E. faecalis. The synthesized nanoparticles incorporated mouthwash showed good potential as antimicrobial agents against strains of gram positive bacteria. Further animal studies/in vivo research should be conducted to validate the above findings.

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