The Influence of Long-term Aerobic Dancing Exercise on the Body Composition, Fitness and Mental Function of the Elderly Women

Modern concepts about body composition in the elderly are described in the review. Particular attention is paid to possible causes and pathogenetic aspects of sarcopenia, as well as modern diagnostic approaches to its recognition. The ageing process is inevitably combined with diverse changes in body composition. This age-related evolution can be described by three main processes: a decrease in the growth and mineral density of bone tissue (osteopenia and osteoporosis); progressive decrease in muscle mass; an increase in adipose tissue (sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity) with its redistribution towards central and visceral fat accumulation. Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are considered the main geriatric syndromes. These pathological conditions contribute to a significant decrease in the quality of life in the elderly; create conditions for the loss of independence and require long-term care, increase the frequency of hospitalizations and ultimately result in adverse outcomes.

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Association between Socioeconomic Status, Physical Health and Need for Long-term Care among the Chinese Elderly

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16122124 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. 2124 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fanlei Kong ◽

Lingzhong Xu ◽

Mei Kong ◽

Shixue Li ◽

Chengchao Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Physical Health ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Elderly Women ◽

The Elderly ◽

Elderly Men ◽

Term Care ◽

Chinese Elderly ◽

Men And Women

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), physical health and the need for long-term care (NLTC) of the Chinese elderly, and further, to provide evidence-based advice for establishing an LTC system in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shandong Province, China in 2017 by using multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected from elderly individuals aged 60 years and older by self-designed questionnaires through face-to face interviews. A total of 7070 participants were finally included in the database (40.3% male, 59.7% female). Chi-square test analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to clarify the association between SES, physical health and NLTC among the Chinese elderly men and women in Shandong Province. The results of the SEM analysis showed that physical health exerted a strong and negative effect on the NLTC for both genders, with a slightly stronger effect found among the elderly men. SES was found to be significantly and negatively related to the NLTC among the elderly women, while no statistical significance was found for the association between SES and NLTC for elderly men. A significant and positive association between SES and physical health was observed among the elderly men and women, with a slightly stronger effect among the elderly women. Implications for lowering the NLTC and developing an LTC system were addressed based on the findings above.

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Relationship between Leg Strength and Balance and Lean Body Mass. Benefits for Active Aging

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12062380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 2380 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alfonso Castillo-Rodríguez ◽

Wanesa Onetti-Onetti ◽

Rui Sousa Mendes ◽

José Luis Chinchilla-Minguet

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Social Issues ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Body ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Strength Capacity

Physical activity (PA) can bring incalculable benefits to people throughout the aging process. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between the leg and arm strength, body composition and balance of elderly people. Twenty-one people (9 men and 12 women) over 60 years of age voluntarily participated in this study. Bioimpedance tests were carried out to obtain body mass data, manual dynamometer tests and the lower limbs test were conducted to obtain strength values, and the stork balance stand test was conducted to assess static balance. As a result, medium-high correlation coefficients were obtained between the aforementioned dependent variables. The highest value corresponded to the relationship between the results of the dominant hand strength test (right hand in all participants) and the lean body mass (LBM) of the participant (R2 = 75%, p < 0.001). The results indicated that strength capacity, recorded by dynamometry, and balance ability have a direct relationship with the body composition of the subject, especially with their lean body mass. These data suggest that a greater lean body mass can provide greater strength and balance in the elderly, so it would improve or have greater duration the functionality and independence of the person, thereby justifying direct benefits in people and indirect benefits in public administrations that finance these social issues.

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Poverty, old age and gender in nineteenth-century England: the case of Hertfordshire

Continuity and Change ◽

10.1017/s0268416005005618 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 351-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

NIGEL GOOSE

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Family Support ◽

Elderly Women ◽

The Elderly ◽

Elderly Male ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Local Sources ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

And Gender

This article examines the relative incidence of poverty among the elderly in nineteenth-century Hertfordshire with special reference to gender. Both national and local sources are employed to highlight the particular difficulties experienced by the elderly, male poor under the New Poor Law, and the short and long term problems they faced as a result of seasonal unemployment and an overstocked labour market. For elderly women, the extent to which their poverty was relieved by employment in cottage industry, almshouse accommodation, the continuing receipt of out-relief and a higher incidence of family support are examined to provide an assessment of the manner in which poverty was gendered in the nineteenth century.

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Prediction equations for the estimation of body composition in the elderly using anthropometric data

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19940189 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 71 (6) ◽

pp. 823-833 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Marjolein Visser ◽

Ellen Van Den Heuvel ◽

Paul Deurenberg

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Body Fat ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Body ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Body Density ◽

Prediction Equations ◽

Anthropometric Data ◽

Percentage Body Fat ◽

The Relationship

To study the relationship between health and nutritional status in elderly populations, information about body composition is essential. To collect this information in large epidemiological studies, practical methods based on anthropometric data must be available. In the present study the relationship between body composition, determined by densitometry, and anthropometric data in 204 elderly men and women, aged 60–87 years, was analysed. Existing prediction equations described in the literature, and mainly based on young and middle-aged subjects, generally underestimated percentage body fat in the elderly study population. Therefore, new prediction equations were developed, based on sex and the sum of two (biceps and triceps) or four (biceps, triceps, suprailiaca and subscapula) skinfolds or the body mass index (BMI). Addition of age or body circumferences to the models did not improve the prediction of body density. Internal cross validation and external validation revealed that the formulas are valid for the estimation of body density in elderly subjects. The standard errors of estimate of the three models, expressed as percentage body fat, were 5.6, 5.4 and 4.8% respectively.

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Long term survey of body composition in hemodialysis patients using the Body Composition Monitor® (BCM)

Kidney Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/j.krcp.2012.04.354 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. A23

Author(s):

Stanislas Trolonge ◽

Philippe Chauveau ◽

Claude Desvergnes ◽

Nicole Larroumet ◽

Christian Combe

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

The Body ◽

Body Composition Monitor ◽

Long Term Survey

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Institutional routines and interpersonal conflicts among elderly in a Long-Term Care Facility

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2020-0560 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

Author(s):

Jamile Lais Bruinsma ◽

Margrid Beuter ◽

Zulmira Newlands Borges ◽

Caren da Silva Jacobi ◽

Eliane Raquel Rieth Benetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Long Term Care ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Participant Observation ◽

Care Facility ◽

The Elderly ◽

Term Care ◽

Interpersonal Conflicts ◽

Term Care Facility ◽

Long Term Care Facility

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the influence of institutional routines on interpersonal conflicts among institutionalized elderly women. Method: A qualitative study, with an ethnographic framework, performed with 17 elderly women in a Long-Term Care Facility. The field immersion occurred from August 2017 to May 2018. The data were produced by participant observation and fieldnotes and analyzed through the sociocultural perspective with theoretical tools related to the total institutions described by Erving Goffman. Results: External bonds outside the institution and the routines were trigger factors of conflicts in the Long-Term Care Facility. The dissatisfaction with the lack of external bonds was noticed in the impossibility of leaving with family members, receiving visits, objects, money, foods, or attention. The standardization and collectivization of internal routines of basic activities generated dissatisfaction and challenged the elderly women’s tolerance towards the norms. Such situations facilitated interpersonal conflicts in the institutional environment. Conclusion: The conflicts occurred among elderly women and professionals, and among them, from the insubordination of the elderly, based on the idea of reaffirming their individualities.

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Associação de polimorfismos genéticos com capacidades físicas e composição corporal em idosas

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n1p11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Vitor Nolasco de Moraes ◽

Gustavo Duarte Ferrari ◽

Thiago Chiaratto ◽

Letícia Perticarrara Ferezin ◽

Átila Alexandre Trapé ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Women ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Body Fat ◽

Elderly Women ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Body ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Capacity Flexibility ◽

Physical Capacities

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n1p11 The elderly population has grown substantially, and the decline in physical capacities and increase in the body fat percentage are important characteristics of aging. Genetic factors may explain these declines and studies related to this issue are justified because they predict what physical capacities present larger declines in different individuals and enable the adoption of strategies to slow them. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ACE I / D and ACTN3 R / X genetic polymorphisms on body fat, muscle strength and power levels, aerobic capacity, flexibility and agility in older women. Sixty-six older women were genotyped with respect to ACTN3 and ACE polymorphisms for the division of groups and submitted to anthropometric measurements, physical tests in the AAHPERD and RIKLI and JONES test batteries and IPAQ to determine the level of physical activity and the Food Consumption Marker Form. Older women with XX genotype in relation to ACTN3 genotype had lower levels of flexibility of upper and lower limbs and lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Moreover, in relation to the ACE genotype, ID individuals exhibited higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower body fat percentages. In relation to the other variables, there was no statistical difference among groups. It was concluded that the genetic variants under study play a role in some of the physical capacities and body composition in elderly women. In the future, data of this nature will enable each individual to have specific health interventions directed to the variables showing higher genetic potential for decline.

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Effects of a 2-Year Supervised Exercise Program Upon the Body Composition and Muscular Performance of HIV-Infected Patients

The Open AIDS Journal ◽

10.2174/1874613601509010080 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 80-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lorena da Silva Paes ◽

Juliana Pereira Borges ◽

Fernanda Monteiro dos Santos ◽

Taciana Pinto de Oliveira ◽

Jaciara Gomes Dupin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Exercise Program ◽

The Body ◽

Supervised Exercise ◽

Supervised Exercise Program ◽

Total Muscle

Background :There is a lack of research investigating long-term effects of exercise training upon the body composition and muscle function in HIV-infected patients (PHIV). The study investigated the influence of a 2-year supervised exercise program on body composition and strength of PHIV under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).Methods :A training program including aerobic, strength and flexibility exercises was performed by 27 PHIV (17 men/ 10 women; age: 48.7±7.0 years; HAART: 150.7±65.3 months) during 1 year and 18 PHIV (10 men/ 8 women; age: 50.6±5.2 years; HAART: 176.6±53.1 months) during 2 years. Body composition and knee isokinetic strength were assessed at baseline and at the end of each year of intervention.Results :Body composition remained stable along the whole experimentvsbaseline (1-year- total muscle mass: Δ men=1.1%,P=0.21; Δ women=1.4%,P=0.06; trunk fat: Δ men=-0.1%,P=0.65; Δ women=-1.5%,P=0.45;2 years- total muscle mass: Δ men=2.7%,P=0.54; Δ women=-1.9%,P=0.71; trunk fat: Δ men=4.4%,P=0.96; Δ women=10.0%,P=0.30). After 1-year, peak torque increased in men (Δ extension=4.2%,P=0.01; Δ flexion=12.2%,P=0.04) and total work reduced in women (Δ extension=-15.4%,P=0.01, Δ flexion=-17.5%,P=0.05). All strength markers remained stablevsbaseline after 2 years of intervention (P>0.05). Only men showed significant reduction in the risk of disability due to sarcopenia (P=0.05) after 1 year of intervention, which remained stable after 2 years.Conclusion :Long-term exercise training preserved strength and muscle mass in PHIV under HAART. Exercise programs should be part of HIV therapy to prevent sarcopenia of this population along the years.Trial Registration :ACTRN12610000683033; UTN U1111-1116-4416.

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Epidemiological Study on the Dose–Effect Association between Physical Activity Volume and Body Composition of the Elderly in China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17176365 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 6365

Author(s):

Xiao Hou ◽

Zheng-Yan Tang ◽

Yu Liu ◽

Yu-Jie Liu ◽

Jing-Min Liu

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

Short Form ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Body ◽

Dose Effect ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Old Adults ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The One

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate Chinese old adults’ different body compositions in response to various levels of physical activity (PA). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the dose–response relationship between PA and body composition in old adults. Methods: 2664 participants older than 60 years (males: n = 984, females: n = 1680) were recruited for this cross-sectional health survey. PA was assessed by the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) instruments. The differences of separate body composition indices (lean body mass, LBM; bone mass, BM; and fat mass, FM) of older participants with different PA levels (below PA recommendation and over PA recommendation) were examined using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). To compare the differences of three body composition indices with six different multiples of PA recommendation (0–1 REC, 1–2 REC, 2–4 REC, 4–6 REC, >6 REC), the one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s test was used for the post hoc analysis to identify the upper PA-benefit threshold in different indices of body composition. Results: The LBM and BM are significantly higher and the FM are significantly lower in old adults performing more PA volume than the WHO recommendation, compared with individuals performing less PA volume than the WHO recommendation. There were significant increases in LBM for males in “1–2 REC”, “2–4 REC”, and “>6 REC” groups, compared with the “0–1 REC” group; and there were significant increases in BM for males in “1–2 REC”, “2–4 REC”, compared with the “0–1 REC” group. The best PA volume for LBM and BM in females was the PA volume of “2–4 REC”. Additionally, whether males or females, there was no significant difference in FM between the “0–1 REC” group and other separate groups. Conclusion: The PA volume that causes best benefit for body composition of the elderly occurs at 1 to 2 times the recommended minimum PA for males, while it occurs at 2 to 4 times that recommended for females. No additional harms for old adults’ body composition occurs at six or more times the recommended minimum PA.

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