Epidemiological Study on the Dose–Effect Association between Physical Activity Volume and Body Composition of the Elderly in China

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate Chinese old adults’ different body compositions in response to various levels of physical activity (PA). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the dose–response relationship between PA and body composition in old adults. Methods: 2664 participants older than 60 years (males: n = 984, females: n = 1680) were recruited for this cross-sectional health survey. PA was assessed by the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) instruments. The differences of separate body composition indices (lean body mass, LBM; bone mass, BM; and fat mass, FM) of older participants with different PA levels (below PA recommendation and over PA recommendation) were examined using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). To compare the differences of three body composition indices with six different multiples of PA recommendation (0–1 REC, 1–2 REC, 2–4 REC, 4–6 REC, >6 REC), the one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s test was used for the post hoc analysis to identify the upper PA-benefit threshold in different indices of body composition. Results: The LBM and BM are significantly higher and the FM are significantly lower in old adults performing more PA volume than the WHO recommendation, compared with individuals performing less PA volume than the WHO recommendation. There were significant increases in LBM for males in “1–2 REC”, “2–4 REC”, and “>6 REC” groups, compared with the “0–1 REC” group; and there were significant increases in BM for males in “1–2 REC”, “2–4 REC”, compared with the “0–1 REC” group. The best PA volume for LBM and BM in females was the PA volume of “2–4 REC”. Additionally, whether males or females, there was no significant difference in FM between the “0–1 REC” group and other separate groups. Conclusion: The PA volume that causes best benefit for body composition of the elderly occurs at 1 to 2 times the recommended minimum PA for males, while it occurs at 2 to 4 times that recommended for females. No additional harms for old adults’ body composition occurs at six or more times the recommended minimum PA.

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Physical Activity Levels and Related Energy Expenditure during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Sicilian Active Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12114356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 4356 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Valerio Giustino ◽

Anna Maria Parroco ◽

Antonio Gennaro ◽

Giuseppe Musumeci ◽

Antonio Palma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Online Survey ◽

Short Form ◽

The Elderly ◽

Survey Study ◽

Rank Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Significant Difference

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Italian government has adopted containment measures to control the virus’s spread, including limitations to the practice of physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to estimate the levels of PA, expressed as energy expenditure (MET–minute/week), among the physically active Sicilian population before and during the last seven days of the COVID-19 quarantine. Furthermore, the relation between this parameter and specific demographic and anthropometric variables was analyzed. Methods: 802 Sicilian physically active participants (mean age: 32.27 ± 12.81 years; BMI: 23.44 ± 3.33 kg/m2) were included in the study and grouped based on gender, age and BMI. An adapted version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—short form (IPAQ-SF) was administered to the participants through an online survey. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test were used for statistical analyses. Results: As expected, we observed a significant decrease of the total weekly energy expenditure during the COVID-19 quarantine (p < 0.001). A significant variation in the MET–min/wk in the before quarantine condition (p = 0.046) and in the difference between before and during quarantine (p = 0.009) was found for males and females. The male group decreased the PA level more than the female one. Moreover, a significant difference in the MET–min/wk was found among groups distributions of BMI (p < 0.001, during quarantine) and of age (p < 0.001, both before and during quarantine). In particular, the highest and the lowest levels of PA were reported by the young and the elderly, respectively, both before and during quarantine. Finally, the overweight group showed the lowest level of PA during quarantine. Conclusion: Based on our outcomes, we can determine that the current quarantine has negatively affected the practice of PA, with greater impacts among males and overweight subjects. In regards to different age groups, the young, young adults and adults were more affected than senior adults and the elderly.

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Physical Activity Levels and Mood State during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Kermanshah Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-397992/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Azizi ◽

Alireza Aghababa ◽

Rastegar Hoseini ◽

Hadi Rohani ◽

Maghsoud Nabilpoor

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Mood State ◽

Short Form ◽

Regular Physical Activity ◽

Activity Level ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical Activity Levels

Abstract Background One of the most important consequences of COVID-19 pandemic is anxiety and stress in the general population that can be reduced by regular physical activity. The aim of this study was to estimate the physical activity levels and mood state during covid-19 quarantine among the Kermanshah population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, using the purposeful random sampling method, a total of 2471 subjects ((male (n = 1256) and female (n = 1215)) were selected. To assess the physical activity level from physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF) and mood state was measured by the abbreviated form of the Iranian version of the standard POMS questionnaire (Bill Morgan 1979). The descriptive statistic method (mean, standard deviation, and percent), deductive (Chi- square and Spearman's correlation) were used for analyzing the data. Results The results showed that a significant difference was observed between the number of sessions (P = 0.001), intensity (P = 0.001), and duration of exercise (P = 0.001) before and during coronavirus. There are significant positive relationships between low (r = 0.93; P = 0.001) and high (r = 0.673; P = 0.034) levels of physical activity and negative mood state, and a positive relationship between moderate physical activity level (r = 0.82; P = 0.001) and positive mood state. Conclusions It could be determined that the current quarantine has negatively affected the mood state. In general, to prevent COVID-19, regular physical activity is recommended under the health and safety protocols.

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Association Between Physical Activity and Post menopausal Symptoms in Saudi Women: A Cross-sectional Study

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal ◽

10.32598/irj.19.2.1237.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 157-164

Author(s):

Muneera Almurdi ◽

◽

Syamala Buragadda ◽

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Short Form ◽

Study Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Menopausal Symptoms ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

Significant Difference

Objectives: Menopause is the termination of a woman’s menstrual cycle for a year. In this condition, women’s health status declines due to hormonal changes and aging. Physical Activity (PA) is among the best available alternatives for managing menopause-related symptoms without any adverse effects. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PA and symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia in Saudi menopausal women. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 60 menopausal women; they were divided into physically active and inactive groups. The group allocation was conducted based on their PA level determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF). Menopausal symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively, in the study groups. The association between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at P≤0.05. Results: Fatigue, depression, and insomnia were more prevalent in physically inactive post-menopause women than the active women. A significant difference was observed in the outcome variables between the study groups. Furthermore, a significant association was detected between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia in the study participants. Discussion: Half of the explored menopausal women were physically active. Physically active menopausal women presented less fatigue, depression, and insomnia, compared to their inactive counterparts. This study suggested that PA positively impacted menopausal symptoms (fatigue, insomnia, & depression). Besides, the collected results highlighted the importance of physical activity among menopausal women.

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MO913BODY COMPOSITION EVALUATED BY BIOIMPEDANCE IN FRAIL PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab102.0014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Álvaro Álvarez López ◽

Barbara Cancho Castellano ◽

Cristina López Arnaldo ◽

Rosa Maria Diaz Campillejo ◽

Elena Garcia de Vinuesa Palo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Venous Catheter ◽

Dry Weight ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Body ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Continuous Variables ◽

Clinical Scale ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background and Aims Frailty is known as a biological syndrome of decreased reserves and resistance to stress, with a decline of multiple physiological systems, causing vulnerability. Its prevalence ranges from 10-80 %. The etiopathogenesis is multifactorial, based on the loss of muscle mass associated with aging or sarcopenia. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a model of accelerated aging, with impaired physical function, frailty and cognitive decline. The main theorical frameworks on frailty are the one advocated by Linda Fried, in which she develops a phenotype as a risk situation for developing disability and one advocated by Kennet Rockwood which establishes that frailty consists of addition of various health conditions including comorbidity and disability. Our objective was to evaluate frailty in stage 5 CKD in haemodialysis, measured by clinical scale and to relate it to the body composition measured by bioimpedance. Method Cross-sectional study in 40 subjects with CKD in hospital haemodialysis, 70.5±13.03 years, 62.5% male. 40% Diabetic Nephropathy, 10% Glomerulopathies, 7.5% Nephroangiosclerosis, 2.5% Chronic Tubule-Interstitial Nephropathies, 32.5% Unknow, 2.5% Others. 35% arteriovenous fistula, 10% arteriovenous graft, 55% central venous catheter. Hemodialysis type: 40% High Flux, 45% Online postdilutional Haemodiafiltration, 10% Acetate Free Biofiltration. Fragility was measured by the Rockwood clinical scale: not fragile (1-4), moderately fragile (5-6) and severely fragile (7-9). Body composition was estimated by monofrequency bioimpedance measurement. Chi-Cuadrado was used to study differences between dichotomous variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Spearman correlation´s was used to examinate the intensity of association between two quantitative variables. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 13.0. Results 42.5% of the subjects presented a degree of fragility ≥5, severely fragile 27.5%. The results are shown in the Tables 1 and 2. Conclusion The degree of frailty is greater in the elderly. Measurement of body composition by bioimpedance can be useful to indirectly asses frailty. The phase angle could be an indicator of fragility, since in more fragile subjects its value decreases, its physiological role remains to be elucidated. There is a positive trend to an increase in extracellular water in more fragile subjects, keeping the subjects in their dry weight, so it will be necessary to evaluate what is due.

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Examination of Physical Activity and Life Quality Levels of University Students in Terms of Related Factors

Journal of Education and Learning ◽

10.5539/jel.v8n1p120 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 120

Author(s):

Bekir Barış CİHAN ◽

Berkan BOZDAĞ ◽

Levent VAR

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

University Students ◽

Short Form ◽

Life Quality ◽

The Body ◽

World Health ◽

World Health Organization Quality ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quality Of Life Scale

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between physical activity levels and life quality of Amasya University students. The universe of the study consists of university students studying in 6 faculties of the University of Amasya during the 2018-2019 academic year and the sample is composed of 331 (162 female, 169 male) university students. As data collection tools, in order to determine the level of physical activity (Craig, et al., 2003) by the improved validity and reliability study in Turkey (Öztürk, 2005) in order to determine the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. For the deremination of life quality, Fidaner’s (1999) “World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Short Form” was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, independent sample t-test and single factor variance analysis (One-Way ANOVA). As a result of the analyses; 262 students attending the research stated that the physical activity areas of the faculties were insufficient and 69 students stated that they were sufficient. When the body mass indexes of the participants were examined, it was found that the majority of 76.4 % of the participants had normal BMI (Global Database on BMI, WHO, 2004) classification. A significant difference was found in the psychological and environmental dimensions of students’ life quality in goodness of the students habiting at home. When it is classified according to physical activity score, it is seen that 65 students studying at the Faculty of Education have a high Met level, while 33 students studying at the Faculty of Medicine have low Met level. It was concluded that students with high levels of MET have higher total life quality scores than students at other levels of MET.

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Do e-athletes move? A study on physical activity level and body composition in elite e-sports

Physical Education of Students ◽

10.15561/20755279.2020.0501 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 259-264

Author(s):

Akan Bayrakdar ◽

Yağmur Yıldız ◽

Işık Bayraktar

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

South Korea ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Body Height ◽

The United States ◽

The Body ◽

Activity Level ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Significant Difference

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of e-sports on physical activity level and body composition. Material and Methods. The athletes who participated in the study were 19.92± 2.21 years of age, 1.73±0.04 m body height and 78.35±6.52 kg body weight. A total of 137 athletes participated in the study, including 27 from Turkey, 47 from South Korea and 63 from the United States (USA). The data was collected by e-mail from the sports clubs. The athletes who representing their country in international competitions involved in the study. The data obtained were evaluated in the SPSS program. Results. According to the findings of the study, the body mass index (BMI) of e-sport athletes is 26.03±1.85, the number of physical activity steps is 6646±3400 and the daily e-sport hours are 9.34±1.12. The BMI was determined as USA 26.12, South Korea 26.02 and Turkey 25.84 respectively. The number of physical activity steps was identified as 5255 steps in the US, 7785 steps in South Korea and 7909 steps in Turkey. The daily e-sports hour is set at US 9.63 hours, Turkey 9.29 hours and South Korea 8.97 hours. In comparison of country-based athletes, there was a significant difference between physical activity level and daily e-sports hours at p<0.05. The value of BMI is not different. Although it is not statistically related to the physical activity level and BMI. There was no statistically significant relationship between daily e-sports hours and BMI and physical activity step counts. However, as the time of e-sports increases, BMI increases and the number of physical activity steps decreases. Conclusions. As a result it is seen in the findings of the research that athletes dealing with e-sports are included in the fat group as a body composition and their daily physical activity steps are low. In addition, according to the results of the research, e-sports are thought to have negative effects on physical health. Thanks to the physical activity programs to be applied to these athletes, it is thought that their body composition and physical activity levels can be improved.

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Varying Body Composition and Growth in Indian Adolescents from Different Socioeconomic Strata

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401315666181224094900 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 578-584

Author(s):

Prerna P. Patel ◽

Pinal A. Patel ◽

Ashish D. Patel ◽

Shashi A. Chiplonkar ◽

Anuradha V. Khadilkar

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Local Environment ◽

The Body ◽

Western India ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Indian Adolescents ◽

Socioeconomic Strata

Background: Early growth stunting has been associated with modifications in body composition and its direction differs with the local environment. Data on the association between body composition with growth and the influence of socioeconomic strata (SES) on the same is scarce in Indian adolescents. Objective: The study aimed to examine (i) the associations of SES with body composition and growth (ii) the relationship between body composition and lifestyle factors (physical activity, diet) across SES and (iii) interrelationship between the body composition and growth. Methods: A cross-sectional study on apparently healthy adolescents (10-14years, n=604) from different SES, was conducted in Gujarat, Western India. Outcome parameters included anthropometry, body composition, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and dietary intake. Results: 84%, 66% and 39% boys, whereas 61%, 43% and 26% girls from upper, middle and lower SES respectively, were underfat; amongst upper SES, 22% boys and 8% girls were obese (p<0.001). 24% boys and 19% girls from lower SES were stunted (HAZ<-2) (p<0.001). In all SES, 0at mass (FM) showed an inverse correlation, while 0at free mass (FFM) showed a positive correlation with MVPA. Comparing the prevalence of stunting across the % body fat categories revealed that 15% of the underfat boys and 16% of the underfat girls were stunted (p<0.001). Conclusion: SES shows a significant impact on body composition with a majority of lower SES adolescents being underfat. Underfat adolescents were at a greater risk of being stunted.

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Handgrip strength and physical activity in frail elderly

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s0080-623420160000100012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 86-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Maria Helena Lenardt ◽

Maria Angélica Binotto ◽

Nathalia Hammerschmidt Kolb Carneiro ◽

Clovis Cechinel ◽

Susanne Elero Betiolli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Frail Elderly ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

The Elderly ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Low Levels

Abstract OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between handgrip strength (HS) and physical activity in physical frailty elderly. METHOD Cross-sectional quantitative study with a sample of 203 elderly calculated based on the population estimated proportion. Tests were applied to detect cognitive impairment and assessment of physical frailty. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis by binary logistic regression were used, and also Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS A total of 99 (64.3%) elderly showed decreased handgrip strength and 90 (58.4%) elderly presented decrease in physical activity levels. There was a statistically significant difference between these two components (p=0.019), in which elderly who have decreased HS have lower levels of physical activity. For low levels of physical activity and decreased HS, there was no evidence of significant difference in the probability of the classification as frail elderly (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The components handgrip strength and physical activity are associated with the frail elderly. The joint presence of low levels of physical activity and decreased handgrip strength leads to a significantly higher probability of the elderly to be categorized as frailty.

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Body composition of chronic renal patients: anthropometry and bioimpedance vector analysis

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0104-1169.3060.2360 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 1240-1247 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Viviane Soares ◽

Ivan Silveira de Avelar ◽

Sara Rosa de Sousa Andrade ◽

Marcus Fraga Vieira ◽

Maria Sebastiana Silva

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Cell Mass ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Vector Analysis ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Arm Circumference ◽

Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: to compare the body composition of patients undergoing hemodialysis with that of healthy individuals using different methods. METHOD: cross-sectional study assessing male individuals using anthropometric markers, electrical bioimpedance and vector analysis. RESULTS: the healthy individuals presented larger triceps skinfold and arm circumference (p<0.001). The bioimpedance variables also presented significant higher values in this group. Significant difference was found in the confidence interval of the vector analysis performed for both the patients and healthy individuals (p<0.0001). The tolerance intervals showed that 55.20% of the patients were dehydrated, 10.30% presented visible edema, and 34.50% were within normal levels of hydration. Bioimpedance and vector analysis revealed that 52% of the patients presented decreased cell mass while 14.00% presented increased cell mass. CONCLUSIONS: the differences in the body composition of patients and healthy individuals were revealed through bioimpedance and vector analysis but not through their measures of arm circumference and arm muscle area.

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Hubungan Antara Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik dengan Fungsi Kognitif Pada Lanjut Usia

Jurnal Berita Ilmu Keperawatan ◽

10.23917/bik.v12i2.9805 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

Oktafina Safita Nisa ◽

Arief Wahyudi Jatmiko

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Disorders ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

The Elderly ◽

Total Sample ◽

The Body ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional

Along with the aging process, all systems of the body dealing with changes or gradual deterioration functions, one of which was a decrease in physical activity. A decrease in physical activity in the elderly was one of the causes of cognitive impairment. Decline in cognitive function in the elderly is the biggest cause of the inability to perform normal daily activities. The purpose of the study was to know the correlation between the level of physical activity and cognitive function in the elderly in Pucangan Village Kartasura SubDistrict. This research was cross sectional design. The population were in this study are listed on the elderly Posyandu Pucangan Village Kartasura Sub-District aged >60 years and include in inclusion criteria. The total sample in this study were 95 respondents. Sampling technique used is nonprobability sampling technique with proportional sampling method. The instrument used to measure the level of physical activity is GPPAQ (General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire) and for cognitive function using the MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination). Analys of the data used was Chi Square test. Results of univariate known that elderly people who have high levels of physical activity inactive (35.8%) and active as much (21.1%). The percentage of elderly who have normal cognitive function as many (29.5%) and those with severe cognitive disorders amounted to (43.2%). The result of bivariate analysis there was no relationship between the level of physical activity and cognitive function in which showed the value of p value = 0.010 (p> 0.05) means that Ho was rejected. The conclusions of this study shows there is a relationship between the level of physical activity and cognitive function in the elderly in Pucangan Village Kartasura Sub-District.

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