Meat consumption and age of menarche among schoolgirls in Shanghai

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youmei Wu ◽  
Qiuyun Gu ◽  
Xueying Cui ◽  
Zhenni Zhu ◽  
Jiajie Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Early Menarche ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Menarche Age

Abstract Background：The relationship between dietary intake and pubertal development is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between meat consumption and early menarche among schoolgirls in Shanghai. Methods：The study randomly selected 1981 schoolgirls aged 6–18 years in Shanghai using a two-stage random sampling design. Information on meat intake was collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Menarche age, household income, physical activity and other covariates were obtained by standardized questionnaires. Height, weight and percentage of body fat were measured by trained field staff. Logistic regression was used to analyse the association between intake of meat and early menarche. Results：Among all the school girls who had experienced menarche (n=986), the mean age at menarche was 11.97±1.24 years. Of the girls, 26.10% (n=518) had early menarche. After adjusting for body mass index, age, physical activity, sleep, household income and parental education, consumption of poultry was positively associated with risk of early menarche (P-trend=0.03). Girls who never consumed poultry had a lower risk of early menarche (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39–0.96). Poultry consumption less than once a week was not significantly associated with early menarche compared with those consuming poultry once or more a week (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.50–1.08). Neither the consumption of pork, beef, lamb, processed meat nor total meat consumption were associated with menarche age. Conclusions: Higher consumption of poultry was associated with an earlier age at menarche.

Abstract 037: The Association of Early Menarche and Changes in LDL-C During Adolescence for African-American and White Girls

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill G Dreyfus ◽  
David R Jacobs ◽  
Ellen W Demerath
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Quadratic Term ◽  
Early Menarche ◽  
White Girls

Introduction: LDL cholesterol transiently decreases during puberty, and then increases again in late adolescence. However, the association of earlier pubertal development and LDL-C changes among adolescents is not well established, especially among African-American girls. Objective: To examine race-specific associations of early menarche and change in LDL-C during adolescence. Methods: The National Growth and Health Study (NGHS) was a 10-year prospective study of 2,379 girls, aged 9-10 at baseline, from four areas of the United States. Girls with missing age at menarche (n=22) or clinic (n=1) information were excluded from analyses. We used mixed effects regression models to test the association of early menarche, defined as less than median age at menarche for race in NHANES III (<12.1 for African-American, and <12.6 years for white girls) and serial measures of LDL-C, adjusted for age, study center, parental education, and percent body fat at each visit. Time was defined as follow-up year 1 (mean age 10) through year 10 (mean age 19), and included as a quadratic term in all models. Results: The analytic sample included 2,356 girls (1,200 African-American; 1,156 white). Early (vs. later) menarche (-1.90 mg/dl, p=0.05) and African American race (-1.72 mg/dl, p =0.08) were associated with lower average LDL-C over the 10-year time period. LDL-C increased less during late adolescence in African-American than in white girls (β race*time 2 = -0.11 mg/dl; p-interaction=0.01), and further, the relationship of menarche to the shape of the LDL-C curve differed by race, as indicated by different quadratic time terms (race*menarche*time 2 ; p-interaction=0.02). Conclusion: LDL-C was lower among girls with early vs. later menarche during adolescence. By late adolescence, white girls with early menarche tended to experience faster gains in LDL-C compared with later maturing white girls. Additional research is needed to determine if this pattern continues into adulthood.

scholarly journals Patterns of Red and Processed Meat Consumption across North America: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Comparison of Dietary Recalls from Canada, Mexico, and the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Frank ◽  
Lindsay M. Jaacks ◽  
Carolina Batis ◽  
Lana Vanderlee ◽  
Lindsey Smith Taillie
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Processed Meat Consumption ◽  
Red And Processed Meat

Close economic ties encourage production and trade of meat between Canada, Mexico, and the US. Understanding the patterns of red and processed meat consumption in North America may inform policies designed to reduce meat consumption and bolster environmental and public health efforts across the continent. We used nationally-representative cross-sectional survey data to analyze consumption of unprocessed red meat; processed meat; and total red and processed meat. Generalized linear models were used to separately estimate probability of consumption and adjusted mean intake. Prevalence of total meat consumers was higher in the US (73.6, 95% CI: 72.3–74.8%) than in Canada (65.6, 63.9–67.2%) or Mexico (62.7, 58.1–67.2%). Men were more likely to consume unprocessed red, processed, and total meat, and had larger estimated intakes. In Mexico, high wealth individuals were more likely to consume all three categories of meat. In the US and Canada, those with high education were less likely to consume total and processed meat. Estimated mean intake of unprocessed red, processed, and total meat did not differ across sociodemographic strata. Overall consumption of red and processed meat remains high in North America. Policies to reduce meat consumption are appropriate for all three countries.

scholarly journals Age at menarche in urban school-going girls: association between socio-economic status, BMI and physical activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Amrita Behel ◽  
Leena Raje
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Background: Menarche, one of the most reliable markers of pubertal maturity, is a result of a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Since accelerated pubertal development is an important determinant of prognostic disease risk, especially in developing countries, attention must be focused on this important public health aspect.  Methods: Total 200 school-going girls aged between 10-15 years studying in municipal, public-funded and private schools in Mumbai were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria of having attained menarche only in the last three months. Sociodemographic and anthropometric details were collected using a structured schedule and physical activity data was collected using the physical activity questionnaire for older children and adolescents.Results: Socioeconomic status and family size were found to significantly influence the age of onset of menarche (p<0.001). Anthropometric indices of height, weight and BMI were found to have significant negative correlations indicating that taller, heavier girls reached menarche earlier than their shorter and lighter peers (p<0.000). Level of physical activity was also found to be an important contributing factor to age at menarche such that a higher level of physical activity was observed in girls with higher mean menarcheal age (p<0.000).  Conclusions: Age at menarche was found to be influenced by factors such as socioeconomic status, BMI and physical activity.   

scholarly journals High processed meat consumption is a risk factor of type 2 diabetes in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention study

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 1817-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satu Männistö ◽  
Jukka Kontto ◽  
Merja Kataja-Tuomola ◽  
Demetrius Albanes ◽  
Jarmo Virtamo
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Incident Cases

Relatively small lifestyle modifications related to weight reduction, physical activity and diet have been shown to decrease the risk of type 2 diabetes. Connected with diet, low consumption of meat has been suggested as a protective factor of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between the consumption of total meat or the specific types of meats and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention cohort included middle-aged male smokers. Up to 12 years of follow-up, 1098 incident cases of diabetes were diagnosed from 24 845 participants through the nationwide register. Food consumption was assessed by a validated FFQ. In the age- and intervention group-adjusted model, high total meat consumption was a risk factor of type 2 diabetes (relative risk (RR) 1·50, 95 % CI 1·23, 1·82, highestv.lowest quintile). The result was similar after adjustment for environmental factors and foods related to diabetes and meat consumption. The RR of type 2 diabetes was 1·37 for processed meat (95 % CI 1·11, 1·71) in the multivariate model. The results were explained more by intakes of Na than by intakes of SFA, protein, cholesterol, haeme Fe, Mg and nitrate, and were not modified by obesity. No association was found between red meat, poultry and the risk of type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, reduction of the consumption of processed meat may help prevent the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes. It seems like Na of processed meat may explain the association.

scholarly journals Age at Menarche and Asthma Onset Among US Girls and Women: Findings from NHANES, 2001-2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cai ◽  
Lan Qiu ◽  
Yaqi Wang ◽  
Li Wu ◽  
Xiaojie Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Early Menarche ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Menarche Age

Abstract Background: Findings on the association between early menarche and asthma onset remain inconsistent and the evidence in the US is lacking. Furthermore, there was no clear separation of childhood- and adult-onset asthma in previous studies. Therefore, we aim at quantitatively estimating the association of age at menarche with risk of childhood- and adult-onset asthma separately in US girls and women.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 24,282 US girls and women aged less than 80 years by using continuous NHANES data in 2001-2018. Weighted Cox proportional-hazards regression models with censoring ages of 19 and 79 were used to separately estimate hazard ratios of childhood- and adult-onset asthma associated with age at menarche. Results: Each one-year increase of age at menarche was significantly associated with a 17% (HR [95%CI]: 0.83 [0.77, 0.90]) decrease in the risk of childhood-onset asthma. Compared with age at menarche of 12-14, we observed a 60% (HR [95%CI]: 1.60 [1.22, 2.09]) increased risk of childhood-onset asthma for early menarche (age at menarche <12 years) and 41% (HR [95%CI]: 0.59 [0.32, 1.08]) decreased risk for late menarche (age at menarche ≥15 years). Race, family income, education and family history of asthma did not modify these associations. No significant association between age at menarche and adult-onset asthma.Conclusions: In this US nationally representative study, we found that early menarche was associated with increased risk of childhood-onset asthma, but not adult-onset asthma. These findings help demonstrate early menarche may be a risk factor for childhood-onset asthma in US, indicating timely and effective management of special individuals with early menarche for preventing asthma.

scholarly journals Body structure and maturation – the association with environmental factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Joanna Nieczuja-Dwojacka ◽  
Anna Siniarska ◽  
Aneta Sikorska ◽  
Sławomir Kozieł
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Body Proportion ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Number Of Children

AbstractThe main objective of the study was to determine the relationship between physique, maturation and some environmental factors. The study was conducted in Warsaw, between 2012 and 2013 in randomly selected schools. The material included 171 girls, aged 12-20 years. Body height and weight, upper and lower extremity length, subcutaneous fat folds on arm, subscapular and abdominal, circumferences of arm, chest, waist and hip were measured. Body proportion indices were calculated. The questionnaire form provided information on parental education and profession, and the number of children in family. Girls were asked about age at menarche, number of daily meals, level of physical activity, participation is sport, and level of stress at home and at school. The principal component analysis was applied and 4 factors were extracted from the set of living condition characteristics (F1 - Parental education & father’s occupation, F2 - Mother’s occupation and the number of children, F3 - Stress, F4 - Physical activity and number of daily meals). Regression analysis allowed to evaluate the association of body build characteristics and age at menarche with the four factors. Factor 1 and 4 were the only ones which showed a statistically significant association with body build. The results showed that girls who were taller, with smaller arm and waist circumferences and less adiposity came from families with higher parental education and better father’s profession. Taller stature, longer legs and less adiposity characterized girls who were more physically active and consumed more than three meals a day.

scholarly journals Family composition and age at menarche: Findings from the international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Steppan ◽  
Ross Whitehead ◽  
Juliet McEachran ◽  
Candace Currie
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Father Absence ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Foster Home ◽  
Psychosomatic Complaints ◽  
Early Menarche ◽  
School Aged Children

Abstract Background Early menarche has been associated with father absence, stepfather presence and adverse health consequences in later life. This article assesses the association of different family compositions with the age at menarche. Pathways are explored which may explain any association between family characteristics and pubertal timing. Methods Cross-sectional, international data on the age at menarche, family structure and covariates (age, psychosomatic complaints, media consumption, physical activity) were collected from the 2009–2010 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. The sample focuses on 15-year old girls comprising 36,175 individuals across 40 countries in Europe and North America (N = 21,075 for age at menarche). The study examined the association of different family characteristics with age at menarche. Regression and path analyses were applied incorporating multilevel techniques to adjust for the nested nature of data within countries. Results Living with mother (Cohen’s d = .12), father (d = .08), brothers (d = .04) and sisters (d = .06) are independently associated with later age at menarche. Living in a foster home (d = −.16), with ‘someone else’ (d = −.11), stepmother (d = −.10) or stepfather (d = −.06) was associated with earlier menarche. Path models show that up to 89% of these effects can be explained through lifestyle and psychological variables. Conclusions Earlier menarche is reported amongst those with living conditions other than a family consisting of two biological parents. This can partly be explained by girls’ higher Body Mass Index in these families which is a biological determinant of early menarche. Lower physical activity and elevated psychosomatic complaints were also more often found in girls in these family environments.

scholarly journals Meat consumption in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts: results from 24-hour dietary recalls

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (6b) ◽  
pp. 1243-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Linseisen ◽  
E Kesse ◽  
N Slimani ◽  
HB Bueno-de-Mesquita ◽  
MC Ocké ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Prospective Investigation

AbstractObjective:To evaluate meat intake patterns in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts.Design and setting:24-Hour dietary recalls were assessed within the framework of a prospective cohort study in 27 centres across 10 European countries by means of standardised computer-assisted interviews.Subjects:In total, 22 924 women and 13 031 men aged 35–74 years.Results:Mean total meat intake was lowest in the ‘health-conscious’ cohort in the UK (15 and 21 g day−1 in women and men, respectively) and highest in the north of Spain, especially in San Sebastian (124 and 234 g day−1, respectively). In the southern Spanish centres and in Naples (Italy), meat consumption was distinctly lower than in the north of these countries. Central and northern European centres/countries showed rather similar meat consumption patterns, except for the British and French cohorts. Differences in the intake of meat sub-groups (e.g. red meat, processed meat) across EPIC were even higher than found for total meat intake. With a few exceptions, the Mediterranean EPIC centres revealed a higher proportion of beef/veal and poultry and less pork or processed meat than observed in central or northern European centres. The highest sausage consumption was observed for the German EPIC participants, followed by the Norwegians, Swedish, Danish and Dutch.Conclusions:The results demonstrate distinct differences in meat consumption patterns between EPIC centres across Europe. This is an important prerequisite for obtaining further insight into the relationship between meat intake and the development of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk factors in young male adults: impact of physical activity and parental education

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Çuhadar ◽  
Ayşenur Atay ◽  
Gülcan Sağlam ◽  
Mehmet Köseoğlu ◽  
Levent Çuhadar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Adult Males

Background: This study was conducted to assess whether choices of physical activity, smoking status, and parental education and income were correlated with the health status of young adult males which are important for preventive health policy. Methods: 491 18-29-year old males from lower socioeconomical districts in Turkey participated in this study. Information about demographic characteristics, parental education, household income, smoking status, and physical activity was obtained by means of a standardized questionnaire. BMI and metabolic parameters (serum lipid profile) were assessed.Results: Mean total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels were in the normal range.  The physically active group displayed a better lipid profile. No relationship was found between parental education and serum lipids. Smoking was slightly correlated with household income (r=103, p=0.022).Conclusion: Young adult males who participate in relatively high levels of physical activity are at lower CHD risk than less active ones. The present study also showed that lower socioecnomic status does not always correlate with higher levels of cardiovascular risk factors. In conclusion, data supports that while family history cannot be changed, HDL levels can be modulated by lifestyle factors as in other populations and that with the determined benefits of increasing physical activity and thus, HDL levels, policy reform in schools to promote physical activity are warranted.

A U-shape trend between total and red meat consumption and depressive symptomatology in apparently healthy women: highlights from the ATTICA prospective (2002–2012) study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kouvari ◽  
D.B Panagiotakos ◽  
C Chrysohoou ◽  
M Yannakoulia ◽  
E.N Georgousopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract Background/Introduction Increasing amount of evidence currently suggests that in the context of vegetarianism, where meat is completely excluded from daily diet, the risk to develop depression-related symptoms is impressively high. Purpose The aim of the present work was to evaluate the association of meat consumption with prevalent depressive symptomatology in apparently healthy individuals. Methods ATTICA study was conducted during 2001–2012 including n=1,514 men and n=1,528 women (aged &gt;18 years old) from the greater of our region in Greece. At baseline, depressive symptomatology through Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (range 20–80) and meat consumption (total meat, red, white and processed meat) through validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire were assessed. Follow-up (2011–2012) was achieved in n=2,020 participants (n=317 cases); n=845 participants with complete psychological metrics were used for the primary analysis. Results Ranking from 1st to 3rd total meat consumption (low to high) tertiles, participants assigned in 2nd tertile had the lowest depressive-symptomatology scoring (p&lt;0.001). This trend was retained in multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis; participants reporting moderate total and red meat consumption had ∼20% lower likelihood to be depressed (i.e. Zung scale&lt;45) compared with their 1st tertile counterparts (Odds Ratio (OR)total meat 0.82, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) (0.60, 0.97) and ORred meat 0.79 95% CI (0.45, 0.96)). Non-linear associations were revealed; 2–3 serving/week total meat and 1–2 servings/week red meat presented the lowest odds of depressive symptomatology (all ps&lt;0.05). All aforementioned associations were more evident in women (all ps for sex-related interaction&lt;0.05). Conclusions The present findings generate the hypothesis that moderate total meat consumption and impressively, red meat may be more beneficial to prevent depressed mood and probably in turn hard CVD endpoints. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by a research grant from Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society. The ATTICA study is supported by research grants from the Hellenic Cardiology Society [HCS2002] and the Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society [HAS2003].

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