The second pregnancy has no effect in the incidence of macrosomia: A cross sectional survey in two western Chinese regions

Abstract After the implementation of the universal two-child policy in 2015 in China, the increase in parity has led to an increase in adverse pregnancy outcomes. The impact of parity on the incidence of fetal macrosomia has not been fully confirmed in China.This study aimed to explore the differences in the incidence of fetal macrosomia between first and second pregnancies in Western China. A total of 1598 pregnant women from three hospitals were investigated by means of a cross-sectional study from August 2017 to January 2018. Participants were recruited by a convenience sampling method and divided into first and second pregnancy groups. These groups included 1094 primiparas and 504 women giving birth to their second child. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to discuss the differences in the incidence of fetal macrosomia in first and second pregnancies. No significant difference was found in the incidence of macrosomia in the first pregnancy group (7.2%) and the second pregnancy group (7.1%). In the second-time pregnant mothers, no significant association was found between the macrosomia of the second child (5.5%) and that of the first child (4.7%). In conclusion: the incidence of macrosomia in Western China is not affected by second childbirth, that is not affected by low parity. History of first child macrosomia was not a predictor of second child macrosomia.

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The second pregnancy has no effect in the incidence of macrosomia: a cross-sectional survey in two western Chinese regions

Journal of Health Population and Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s41043-021-00244-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Li Luo ◽

Huan Zeng ◽

Mao Zeng ◽

Xueqing Liu ◽

Xianglong Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Western China ◽

Fetal Macrosomia ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Second Child ◽

Child Policy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background After the implementation of the universal two-child policy in China, the increase in parity has led to an increase in adverse pregnancy outcomes. The impact of one and two fetuses on the incidence of fetal macrosomia has not been fully confirmed in China. This study aimed to explore the differences in the incidence of fetal macrosomia in first and second pregnancies in Western China after the implementation of the universal two-child policy. Methods A total of 1598 pregnant women from three hospitals were investigated by means of a cross-sectional study from August 2017 to January 2018. Participants were recruited by convenience and divided into first and second pregnancy groups. These groups included 1094 primiparas and 504 women giving birth to their second child. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to discuss the differences in the incidence of fetal macrosomia in first and second pregnancies. Results No significant difference was found in the incidence of macrosomia in the first pregnancy group (7.2%) and the second pregnancy group (7.1%). In the second-time pregnant mothers, no significant association was found between the macrosomia of the second child (5.5%) and that of the first child (4.7%). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that mothers older than 30 years are not likely to give birth to children with macrosomia (odds ratio (OR) 0.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4,0.9). Conclusions The incidence of macrosomia in Western China is might not be affected by the birth of the second child and is not increased by low parity.

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The Impact of COVID-19 on Plastic Surgery Training in the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia—A Cross-Sectional Study

Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1734569 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Curtis R Budden ◽

Francesca Rannard ◽

Joanna Mennie ◽

Neil Bulstrode

Keyword(s):

Plastic Surgery ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Surgical Trainees ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Surgical trainees worldwide have been thrust into a period of uncertainty, with respect to the implications COVID-19 pandemic will have on their roles, training, and future career prospects. It is currently unclear how plastic surgery trainees are being affected by COVID-19. This study examined the experience of plastic surgery trainees in Canada, the UK, and Australia to determine trainee roles during the early COVID-19 emergency response and how training changed during this time. Methods A cross-sectional survey-based study was designed for plastic surgery trainees in the UK, Canada and Australia. In total, 110 trainees responded to the survey. Statistical tests were conducted to determine differences in responses, based on year of training and country of residence. Results In total, 9.7% (10/103) of respondents reported being deployed to cover another service. There was a significant difference between redeployment based on country (p = 0.001). Within the UK group, 28.9% of respondents were redeployed. For trainees not deployed, 95.5% (85/89) reported that there has been a reduction in operative volume. Ninety-seven (94.1%) respondents reported that there were ongoing teaching activities offered by their program. The majority of trainees (66.4%) were concerned about their training. There was a significant difference between overall concern and country (p < 0.05). Conclusion In these unprecedented times, training programs in plastic surgery should be aware of the major impact that COVID-19 has had on trainees and will have on their training. The majority of plastic surgery trainees have experienced a reduction in surgical exposure but have maintained some form of regular teaching.

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Self perceived oro-facial behaviour and malocclusion among young adults in Hyderabad city

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2018-0297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Dasari Tejaswini ◽

Suhas Kulkarni ◽

Dolar Doshi ◽

Adepu Srilatha

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Young Adults ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Face ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackgroundAesthetic alterations in the face can be self-perceived and can affect quality of life in young adults.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of malocclusion on self- perceived oro-facial behaviour among young adults.MethodsA Cross sectional study was conducted among 638 young adults (aged 18–21 years) of Hyderabad city. One college from each of the five zones of the Hyderabad city (five colleges) were selected by simple random sampling procedure. A 21-item Oro-facial investment scale (OFIS) questionnaire assessing self-perceived oral health knowledge, attitude, practice and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) assessing the severity of malocclusion was used. Data were analysed with standard statistical software (SPSS, Statistical package for the social sciences, version 20.0). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMales had higher mean scores for knowledge (2.90 ± 0.49) than females (2.73 ± 0.82) and was statistically significant (p = 0.002*). No statistically significant gender differences were found in relation to attitude and practice. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference in all the three scores (knowledge, attitude, practice) with respect to age, with significantly high score for knowledge and practice among 18 year old subjects (p = 0.0001*; p = 0.0003* respectively) and attitude among 21 year old subjects (p = 0.0049*). No statistically significant age, gender differences were found in relation to DAI scores. Upon correlation, DAI significantly and positively correlated with knowledge (p = 0.03*) and attitude (p = 0.0001*).ConclusionThis study has shown significant impact of malocclusion on the self-perceived oro-facial behaviour.

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THE IMPACT OF ASTHMAAND ITS MEDICATIONS ON DENTAL CARIES STATUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNT IN CHILDREN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/7515919 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

Sneha Upadhyay ◽

Jyoti Bhavthankar ◽

Mandakini Mandale ◽

Nivedita Kaorey

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Background: Asthma and its medications have been linked to oral diseases in asthmatic children. Aim: Assessment of the dental caries status, salivary Streptococcus mutans count and S. mutans colony score in children receiving inhaled anti asthmatic medications and their comparison in healthy children Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 asthmatic children and 40 healthy children in the age group of 6-14 years. DMFT/deft indices were calculated and saliva samples were collected. Diluted saliva was inoculated on MSB agar plates. S. mutans count and colony score were analysed after 24-48 hours of inoculation. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean DMFT/deft index, salivary S. mutans load and S. mutans colony score in children of the asthmatic group and control group. Conclusion: Prevalence of dental caries and cariogenic bacteria is higher in asthmatic children.

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Breast density in women with premature ovarian failure or postmenopausal women using hormone therapy: analytical cross-sectional study

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802010000400007 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 128 (4) ◽

pp. 211-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Patrícia Magda Soares ◽

César Cabello ◽

Luis Alberto Magna ◽

Eduardo Tinois ◽

Cristina Laguna Benetti-Pinto

Keyword(s):

Hormone Therapy ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Breast Density ◽

Premature Ovarian Failure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Ovarian Failure ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Studies on postmenopausal women have reported increased risk of breast cancer relating to the type and duration of hormone therapy (HT) used. Women with premature ovarian failure (POF) represent a challenge, since they require prolonged HT. Little is known about the impact of prolonged HT use on these women's breasts. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of one type of HT on the breast density of women with POF, compared with postmenopausal women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). METHODS: 31 women with POF and 31 postmenopausal women, all using HT consisting of conjugated equine estrogen combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate, and matched according to HT duration, were studied. Mammography was performed on all subjects and was analyzed by means of digitization or Wolfe's classification, stratified into two categories: non-dense (N1 and P1 patterns) and dense (P2 and Dy). RESULTS: No significant difference in breast density was found between the two groups through digitization or Wolfe's classification. From digitization, the mean breast density was 24.1% ± 14.6 and 18.1% ± 17.2 in the POF and postmenopausal groups, respectively (P = 0.15). Wolfe's classification identified dense breasts in 51.6% and 29.0%, respectively (P = 0.171). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in breast density between the women with POF and postmenopausal women, who had used HT for the same length of time. These results may help towards compliance with HT use among women with POF.

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Characteristics of Cyberstalking Behavior, Consequences, and Coping Strategies: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Sample of Italian University Students

Future Internet ◽

10.3390/fi11050120 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 120 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tatiana Begotti ◽

Daniela Acquadro Maran

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Police Officers ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Coping ◽

The University ◽

The Impact ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare victims of one type of cyberstalking (OneType) with victims of more than one type of cyberstalking (MoreType) regarding (1) the impact of cyberstalking and (2) attitudes related to telling someone about the experience of cyberstalking and the coping strategies used by victims. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to over 250 students at the University of Torino. Results: About half of the participants experienced at least one incident of cyberstalking. Among them, more than half experienced more than one type of cyberstalking. Victims suffered from depression more than those who had never experienced cyberstalking. No statistically significant difference emerged for anxiety. The coping strategies used by MoreType were more varied than those used by OneType victims of cyberstalking. Moreover, MoreType victims told someone about their victimization more than OneType victims. Conclusion: The work presented suggests implications for health care professionals, police officers, and government. For example, our suggestion is to pay attention to cyberstalking victims and provide flyers in schools, universities, and cafeterias that explain the risk of certain online behaviors and their consequences in physical and emotional spheres.

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Effect of Flavor Enhancement on the Appreciation of Food in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa044_019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 320-320

Author(s):

Kenza Drareni ◽

Moustafa Bensafi ◽

Helene Lusson ◽

Damien Vansteene ◽

Agnès Giboreau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Funding Sources ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives Given the influence of sensory signals on food intake regulation and the subsequent nutritional status, it is important to reduce the impact of commonly observed smell and taste alterations on the pleasure of eating during chemotherapy. This study aimed to examine the effect of various types of flavor enhancement on the appreciation of an appetizer by a group of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods Five eggplant appetizers with no seasoning (REF) or enhanced with either salt, lemon, garlic or cumin were developed. In this cross-sectional study, 36 healthy female subjects (age 58 ± 7 y) (control group) and 84 breast cancer patients (age 56 ± 11 y) treated with chemotherapy were recruited. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on patients' self-reported smell and taste abilities classified the patients in two groups: the ‘unaltered, (high sensory abilities) n = 49’ and the ‘altered, (poor sensory abilities), n = 35’ group. Participants tasted and assessed the appreciation of the reference appetizer on a visual analog scale and performed a randomized comparative liking task, by rating the appreciation for each flavor-enhanced appetizer relative to the REF (one-sample t-test). Results There was no significant difference in the appreciation of the REF appetizer between the three groups (P > 0.05). In the comparative liking task, the control group rated similarly the appreciation between the flavor-enhanced and the REF appetizers except for the cumin-enhanced appetizer, which was appreciated significantly more than the REF (P < 0.001). Patients in both ‘altered’ and ‘unaltered’ groups appreciated similarly the cumin appetizer (P > 0.05), more the salt and garlic-enhanced appetizers (P ≤ 0.001, P = 0.005, respectively) and significantly less the lemon-enhanced appetizer relative to the REF (P = 0.029), confirming a tendency for patients to reject acid-flavored foods. Conclusions The salt and garlic enhancements were appreciated by the patients independent of the stage of chemotherapy or the severity of smell and taste alterations. Flavor enhancement seems a good strategy to maintain the pleasure of eating in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Further research is still needed on the appreciation and intake of a complete meal (starter, main course, dessert). Funding Sources APICIL and ELIOR groups.

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Sexual Dysfunction and Marital Relationship in Women With Schizophrenia in Comparison with Caregivers: A Hospital-based Study

Journal of Psychosexual Health ◽

10.1177/2631831820918133 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 87-92

Author(s):

Suvarna Jyothi Kantipudi ◽

Navina Suresh ◽

Poornima Ayyadurai ◽

Sathianathan Ramanathan

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Sexual Function ◽

Sexual Functioning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Women Caregivers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Relationship Assessment ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Background: Sexual dysfunction is common in females with schizophrenia and is attributed to multiple causes, including individual psychopathology and antipsychotics. Understanding the impact of relationship satisfaction on sexual functioning is not widely studied in schizophrenia. Women caregivers also experience sexual problems and were not studied in the past. Aim: To assess the nature and occurrence of sexual dysfunction in women with schizophrenia in comparison to caregivers of males without severe mental disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 30 women with schizophrenia were recruited as cases and 26 age-matched controls were recruited from female caregivers. All subjects were assessed using standardized tools such as Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Relationship Assessment Scale along with sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: There was a significant difference in FSFI scores and relationship scores between women with schizophrenia and caregiver control subjects. The relationship quality was better in patients with schizophrenia when compared to caregivers unlike sexual functioning. Conclusion: Sexual functioning in women is a complex phenomenon. A holistic biopsychosocial approach is necessary to understand women’s sexual function.

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Impact of Increased Screen Time on Physical and Psychological Health of Indian Students During COVID-19

Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications ◽

10.21786/bbrc/14.4.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1493-1500

Author(s):

Shailly Gupta

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Screen Time ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Indian Government ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

The Impact ◽

Indian Students

Now in the 21st century, both physical and psychological health are associated with technology. By the late March 2020, the Indian government announced multiple lockdowns to fight with COVID-19 pandemic which included the shutdown of all educational institutes due to which all schools, college, and universities had shifted all their classes online by using video conferencing apps which also accounted for a large proportion of tasks that resulted in increased screen time after lockdown compared to pre-lockdown during COVID-19. So, the present study was conducted to determine the impact of increased usage of the screen on Psychological and physical health during the COVID-19 among Indian Students. A cross sectional survey was conducted on Indian students by using self- made Questionnaire with snowball sampling method. A total of 210 responses were received online from various schools and colleges students between 15th August to 30th August 2020. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the screen time spent before and during COVID (t= 19.96; p<0.01). Similarly, a statistically significant positive correlation at 0.01 level was found between screen usage time during COVID-19 pandemic with backache (0.62), neck pain (0.71), headache (0.50), and weight gain (0.52) and with mental health (0.40). Hence the study concluded positive association between screen time with physical and psychological health during COVID-19 among Indian students. It further implies that adequate preventive health measures need to be incorporated among students. There is a scope of further study to identify the impact of over usage of screen on health of individuals of specific population i.e., either adolescents or adults’ group and also on the larger sample size to get more reliable and accurate results.

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A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF DIET & LIFESTYLE IN PREVALENCE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN FEMALES - AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE

November 2020 - International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ◽

10.46607/iamj0809122021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2971-2974

Author(s):

Pavan Kumar K ◽

Sudhakar P Reddy

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

The Impact ◽

Diet And Lifestyle ◽

Female Subjects

Background: In India, 42 million people are suffering from thyroid disorders, out of which hypothyroidism is most common with a prevalence of 5.4%. It is more prevalent among females with the male-female ratio being 1:6. Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormones, which in turn results in a generalized slowing down of metabolic processes. Impaired metabolism can be compared with vitiation of Agni causing Agnimandhya according to Ayurveda. Agnimandhya further hampers the formations of Ahara Rasa and consecutive Dhatus Nirmana, diminishing the metabolism, thereby causing features similar to hypothyroidism. The objective of the Study: To assess the impact of diet & lifestyle on the prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Females. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional survey study. A total of 150 female subjects were selected for the study. With the help of a validated pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire, the interview was conducted on female subjects diagnosed with Hypothyroidism to assess the impact of diet and lifestyle on the prevalence of Hypothy- roidism in and around Mysuru city. Result: In the survey study, the majority of the hypothyroidism diagnosed subjects followed unhealthy daily regimes and the majority percentage of them practised unwholesome diet, food habits and lifestyle. Diet and lifestyle have a direct influence on the occurrence of hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is a metabolic disorder is mainly caused by Agni Mandhya and Rasa Pradoshaja as a result of faulty diet and lifestyle. One should follow Dincharya, Rutucharya and other Ayurveda principles to protect the Agni and thereby prevent Hypothyroidism. The practice of Ahita Ahara Vidhi and Ahita Vihara in the manifestation of Agnimandhya, followed by the development of features of hypothyroidism was substantiated by the result of the survey. Keywords: Hypothyroidism; Diet; Lifestyle; Agnimandhya; Rasa Pradoshaja Vikara.

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