scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of bacteriaophages against virulent Aeromonas hydrophila

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Liu ◽  
Shanshan Gao ◽  
Yuhao Dong ◽  
Chengping Lu ◽  
Yongjie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Virulent Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Abstract Background: Aeromonas hydrophila is an important water-borne pathogen that leads to a great economic loss in aquaculture. Along with the abuse of antibiotics, drug-resistant strains rise rapidly. In addition, the biofilms formed by this bacterium limited the antibacterial effect of antibiotics. Bacteriaophages have been attracted increasing attention as a potential alternative to antibiotics against bacterial infections. Results: Five phages against pathogenic A. hydrophila, named N21, W3, G65, Y71 and Y81, were isolated. Morphological analysis by transmission electron microscopy revealed that phages N21, W3 and G65 belong to the family Myoviridae, while Y71 and Y81 belong to the Podoviridae. These phages were found to have broad host spectra, although their burst sizes were varied per infected host cell at their optimal multiplicity of infection. They were sensitive to high temperature but had a wide adaptability to the pH. In addition, the phages G65 and Y81 showed considerable effect on growth and biofilm inhibition of A. hydrophila; and the phages G65, W3 and N21 were able to scavenge mature biofilm effectively. Phage treatments applied to the pathogenic A. hydrophila in mice model resulted in a significantly decreased bacterial loads in tissues. Conclusions: Five A. hydrophila phages were isolated with broad host ranges, low latent periods, and wide pH and thermal tolerance. And the phages exhibited varying abilities in controlling A. hydrophila infection. This work presents promising data supporting the future use of phage therapy.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of bacteriaophages against virulent Aeromonas hydrophila

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Liu ◽  
Shanshan Gao ◽  
Yuhao Dong ◽  
Chengping Lu ◽  
Yongjie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Virulent Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Abstract Background: Aeromonas hydrophila is an important water-borne pathogen that leads to a great economic loss in aquaculture. Along with the abuse of antibiotics, drug-resistant strains rise rapidly. In addition, the biofilms formed by this bacterium limited the antibacterial effect of antibiotics. Bacteriophages have been attracting increasing attention as a potential alternative to antibiotics against bacterial infections. Results: Five phages against pathogenic A. hydrophila, named N21, W3, G65, Y71 and Y81, were isolated. Morphological analysis by transmission electron microscopy revealed that phages N21, W3 and G65 belong to the family Myoviridae, while Y71 and Y81 belong to the Podoviridae. These phages were found to have broad host spectra, short latent periods and normal burst sizes. They were sensitive to high temperature but had a wide adaptability to the pH. In addition, the phages G65 and Y81 showed considerable bacterial killing effect and potential in preventing formation of A. hydrophila biofilm; and the phages G65, W3 and N21 were able to scavenge mature biofilm effectively. Phage treatments applied to the pathogenic A. hydrophila in mice model resulted in a significantly decreased bacterial loads in tissues. Conclusions: Five A. hydrophila phages were isolated with broad host ranges, low latent periods, and wide pH and thermal tolerance. And the phages exhibited varying abilities in controlling A. hydrophila infection. This work presents promising data supporting the future use of phage therapy.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages against virulent Aeromonas hydrophila

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Liu ◽  
Shanshan Gao ◽  
Yuhao Dong ◽  
Chengping Lu ◽  
Yongjie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Virulent Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Abstract Background: Aeromonas hydrophila is an important water-borne pathogen that leads to a great economic loss in aquaculture. Along with the abuse of antibiotics, drug-resistant strains rise rapidly. In addition, the biofilms formed by this bacterium limited the antibacterial effect of antibiotics. Bacteriophages have been attracting increasing attention as a potential alternative to antibiotics against bacterial infections. Results: Five phages against pathogenic A. hydrophila, named N21, W3, G65, Y71 and Y81, were isolated. Morphological analysis by transmission electron microscopy revealed that phages N21, W3 and G65 belong to the family Myoviridae, while Y71 and Y81 belong to the Podoviridae. These phages were found to have broad host spectra, short latent periods and normal burst sizes. They were sensitive to high temperature but had a wide adaptability to the pH. In addition, the phages G65 and Y81 showed considerable bacterial killing effect and potential in preventing formation of A. hydrophila biofilm; and the phages G65, W3 and N21 were able to scavenge mature biofilm effectively. Phage treatments applied to the pathogenic A. hydrophila in mice model resulted in a significantly decreased bacterial loads in tissues. Conclusions: Five A. hydrophila phages were isolated with broad host ranges, low latent periods, and wide pH and thermal tolerance. And the phages exhibited varying abilities in controlling A. hydrophila infection. This work presents promising data supporting the future use of phage therapy.

Silver Oxide–Copper Oxide Nanocomposite Preparation and Antimicrobial Activity as a Source for the Treatment of Fish Diseases

2017 ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Sayed Reza Shaffiey ◽  
Sayedeh Fatemeh Shaffiey
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cuo Nanoparticles ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Aeromonas hydrophila is a heterotrophic, gram negative bacterium which is primary or secondary cause of ulcers, fin rot, tail rot, and hemorrhagic septicaemia in fish. The treatments for this infection are only restricted to some antibiotics. So, novel materials are being searched for combating with bacterial infections and the resulting consequences. In this chapter, Ag2O/CuO nanocomposites were synthesized chemically and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The antimicrobial activities of Ag2O/CuO nanoparticles (NPs), was checked by both well diffusion and turbidometric (spectrophotometric) method. Synthesized nanoparticles exhibited their antimicrobial efficacy in both the standard inhibitory assays; these results thus provide a scope for further research on the application of Ag2O/CuO nanoparticles as disinfectant and/or antibiotic in the fishery industry.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages against virulent Aeromonas hydrophila

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Liu ◽  
Shanshan Gao ◽  
Yuhao Dong ◽  
Chengping Lu ◽  
Yongjie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Virulent Aeromonas Hydrophila

The size of extracellular vesicles secreted by different types of stem cells

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
И.Б. Алчинова ◽  
М.В. Полякова ◽  
И.Н. Сабурина ◽  
М.Ю. Карганов
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue ◽  
Almost All

Механизм терапевтического действия мультипотентных мезенхимных стволовых клеток (ММСК) на облученный организм в последнее время вызывает повышенный интерес исследователей. В качестве активного участника паракринного механизма реализации этого эффекта предлагают рассматривать внеклеточные везикулы, секретируемые практически всеми клетками живого организма. Цель работы: выделить и охарактеризовать внеклеточные везикулы, продуцируемые стволовыми клетками различной природы. Материалы и методы. Суспензии внеклеточных везикул, выделенных по модифицированному протоколу дифференциального центрифугирования из культуральных жидкостей от культур ММСК костного мозга человека 2-го пассажа и ММСК жировой ткани крысы 4-го пассажа, были проанализированы методом просвечивающей электронной микроскопии и методом анализа траекторий наночастиц. Результаты. Исследование показало наличие в обоих образцах микрочастиц размерами до и около 100 нм, однако процентное содержание частиц разных размеров в суспензии различалось для двух анализируемых типов клеток. Заключение. Полученные результаты могут свидетельствовать о специфике секреции, обусловленной клеточным типом. A mechanism of the therapeutic effect of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MMSC) on irradiated body has recently arisen much interest of researchers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by almost all cells of a living organism were suggested to actively contribute to the paracrine mechanism of this effect. The aim of the study was isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles produced by various types of stem cells. Materials and methods. Suspensions of EVs were isolated from culture media of passage 2 human bone marrow-derived MMSC and passage 4 rat adipose tissue-derived MMSC using a modified protocol of differential centrifugation and then studied using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Results. The study showed the presence of microparticles with a size of >100 nm in the examined samples. However, the percent content of particles with different sizes in the suspension was different in two analyzed types of cell culture. Conclusion. The study results might reflect a specificity of secretion determined by the cell type.

scholarly journals Novel Carbon Dots Derived from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Their Anti-Gastric Ulcer Effect

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1512
Author(s):  
Yuhan Liu ◽  
Meiling Zhang ◽  
Jinjun Cheng ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Hui Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glycyrrhizae Radix ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
High Resolution Tem

Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (GRR) is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicines in clinical practice, which has been applied to treat digestive system diseases for hundreds of years. GRR is preferred for anti-gastric ulcer, however, the main active compounds are still unknown. In this study, GRR was used as precursor to synthesize carbon dots (CDs) by a environment-friendly one-step pyrolysis process. GRR-CDs were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution TEM, fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. In addition, cellular toxicity of GRR-CDs was studied by using CCK-8 in RAW264.7 cells, and the anti-gastric ulcer activity was evaluated and confirmed using mice model of acute alcoholic gastric ulcer. The experiment confirmed that GRR-CDs were the spherical structure with a large number of active groups on the surface and their particle size ranged from 2 to 10 nm. GRR-CDs had no toxicity to RAW264.7 cells at concentration of 19.5 to 5000 μg/mL and could reduce the oxidative damage of gastric mucosa and tissues caused by alcohol, as demonstrated by restoring expression of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide in serum and tissue of mice. The results indicated the explicit anti-ulcer activity of GRR-CDs, which provided a new insights for the research on effective material basis of GRR.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of pathogenic Escherichia coli bacteriophages from chicken and beef offal

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celosia Lukman ◽  
Christopher Yonathan ◽  
Stella Magdalena ◽  
Diana Elizabeth Waturangi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Multiplicity Of Infection ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Family Based

Abstract Objective This study was conducted to isolate and characterize lytic bacteriophages for pathogenic Escherichia coli from chicken and beef offal, and analyze their capability as biocontrol for several foodborne pathogens. Methods done in this research are bacteriophage isolation, purification, titer determination, application, determination of host range and minimum multiplicity of infection (miMOI), and bacteriophage morphology. Results Six bacteriophages successfully isolated from chicken and beef offal using EPEC and EHEC as host strain. Bacteriophage titers observed between 109 and 1010 PFU mL−1. CS EPEC and BL EHEC bacteriophage showed high efficiency in reduction of EPEC or EHEC contamination in meat about 99.20% and 99.04%. The lowest miMOI was 0.01 showed by CS EPEC bacteriophage. CI EPEC and BL EPEC bacteriophage suspected as Myoviridae family based on its micrograph from Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Refers to their activity, bacteriophages isolated in this study have a great potential to be used as biocontrol against several foodborne pathogens.

scholarly journals Repeated isolation of an antibiotic-dependent and temperature-sensitive mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a cystic fibrosis patient

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J Wolter ◽  
Alison Scott ◽  
Catherine R Armbruster ◽  
Dale Whittington ◽  
John S Edgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Membrane Phospholipid ◽  
Growth Defect ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Abstract Background Bacteria adapt to survive and grow in different environments. Genetic mutations that promote bacterial survival under harsh conditions can also restrict growth. The causes and consequences of these adaptations have important implications for diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy. Objectives We describe the isolation and characterization of an antibiotic-dependent, temperature-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant chronically infecting the respiratory tract of a cystic fibrosis (CF) patient, underscoring the clinical challenges bacterial adaptations can present. Methods Respiratory samples collected from a CF patient during routine care were cultured for standard pathogens. P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from samples were analysed for in vitro growth characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility, clonality, and membrane phospholipid and lipid A composition. Genetic mutations were identified by whole genome sequencing. Results P. aeruginosa isolates collected over 5 years from respiratory samples of a CF patient frequently harboured a mutation in phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (psd), encoding an enzyme responsible for phospholipid synthesis. This mutant could only grow at 37°C when in the presence of supplemented magnesium, glycerol, or, surprisingly, the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole, which the source patient had repeatedly received. Of concern, this mutant was not detectable on standard selective medium at 37°C. This growth defect correlated with alterations in membrane phospholipid and lipid A content. Conclusions A P. aeruginosa mutant chronically infecting a CF patient exhibited dependence on sulphonamides and would likely evade detection using standard clinical laboratory methods. The diagnostic and therapeutic challenges presented by this mutant highlight the complex interplay between bacterial adaptation, antibiotics, and laboratory practices, during chronic bacterial infections.

7,8-dihydroxyflavone-functionalized gold nanoparticles target the arginase enzyme of Leishmania donovani

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Prasanna ◽  
Prakash Kumar ◽  
Saptarshi Mandal ◽  
Tanvi Payal ◽  
Saurabh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

Aim: To analyze the efficacy and possible mechanism of action of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF) and DHF synthesized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) against the parasite Leishmania donovani. Methods: GNPs were synthesized using DHF and characterized by dynamic light scattering, ζ potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The efficacy of DHF and DHF-GNP were tested against sensitive and drug-resistant parasites. GNP uptake was measured on macrophages by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: DHF and DHF-GNP (∼35 nm) were equally effective against sensitive and drug-resistant strains and inhibited the arginase activity of parasites. Increased IFN-γ and reduced IL-12 cytokine response showed a Th1/Th2-mediated cell death in macrophages. Conclusion: The low cytotoxicity and high biological activity of DHF-GNP may be useful for chemotherapy of leishmaniasis.

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