scholarly journals A survey exploring ophthalmologists’ attitudes and beliefs in performing Immediately Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery in the United Kingdom.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunkyung Lee ◽  
Bagishan Balasingam ◽  
Emily Mills ◽  
Mehran Zarei-Ghanavati ◽  
Christopher Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Bilateral Cataract ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Screening Question ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Purpose To examine the attitudes and beliefs of UK ophthalmologists towards Immediately Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery (ISBCS); explore their reasons to either practise or not practise ISBCS; identify barriers hindering its implementation in the UK. Setting Consultant members of The Royal College of Ophthalmologists (RCOphth, UK) Design Survey-based, questionnaire Methods Distributed to members and collected electronically. An initial screening question in regards to prior experience with ISBCS directed the rest of the survey; participants were asked to rate the importance of several factors with regards to performing ISBCS. Free text options were also available. Descriptive analysis was subsequently performed. Results Of the 1357 recipients, 130 (9.6%) ophthalmologists completed the survey. Of those, 13.9% were currently performing ISBCS, 83.1% had never performed, and 3.1% had previously done so but since stopped. The main factors that acted as barriers were lack of: (1) College approval (20.5%); (2) medico-legal approval (20.2%); (3) evidence to support the use of ISBCS (16.0%); and (4) hospital approval (13.3%). Additionally, the perceived risk of complications for patients played an important role when considering ISBCS, with the risk of endophthalmitis being most feared. Conclusions This survey demonstrates some of the barriers that prevent ophthalmologist’s performing ISBCS in the UK. There is a need for further exploration in this field to evaluate the effect of addressing any of these concerns on the implementation of ISBCS.

scholarly journals A survey exploring ophthalmologists’ attitudes and beliefs in performing Immediately Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunkyung Lee ◽  
Bagishan Balasingam ◽  
Emily C. Mills ◽  
Mehran Zarei-Ghanavati ◽  
Christopher Liu
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Bilateral Cataract ◽  
The United Kingdom

What factors influence measles, mumps and rubella vaccine hesitancy among parents? A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Jade Stewart ◽  
Lynn Sayer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health Choices ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Free Status

Background The United Kingdom lost its measles free status in 2019 because of an increase in measles cases, resulting from lowered vaccination uptake. Aims This review aims to gather a deeper understanding about parents' health choices for their children related to this vaccination. Methods A systematic review was carried out with a literature search using CINHAL, MEDLINE and OVID databases to identify information published between September 2016 and February 2020. A critical appraisal of seven studies was completed and a mixed methods synthesis was used to explore the results. Results The review identified factors that contribute to a parent's decision to vaccinate their child against measles, mumps and rubella. Five themes emerged: parental knowledge, attitudes and beliefs; safety concerns; specific groups related to religion and natural lifestyles; socioeconomic factors; and the source of health information. Conclusions Ongoing health promotion is required for the UK to work towards regaining its measles free status.

Driving forces for implementation of public private partnerships (PPP) in Malaysia and a comparison with the United Kingdom

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaiza Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
The Uk

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it aims to investigate the factors forcing the implementation of public private partnerships (PPP) in Malaysia. Second, the study intends to compare the driving forces for PPP implementation in Malaysia to the UK. Design/methodology/approach – Using a questionnaire survey, 122 responses were received from respondents in Malaysia and the responses were analysed using descriptive analysis, which included the mean and mean score ranking. In comparing to the driving factors in the UK, evidence from prior studies that adopted a similar questionnaire instrument was obtained and analysed. Findings – The results show that the top three driving forces for PPP implementation in Malaysia are “economic development pressure of demanding more facilities”, “private incentive” and “shortage of government funding”. Although comparison of the results between the two countries found that both countries regarded all the factors, to some extent, as important, different countries have a different priority for each of the driving forces. The findings imply that the unique nature of PPP in different countries is reflected in the different motivation factors of each country to implement PPP. Originality/value – The present study not only offers insights on the key driving forces for PPP implementation in Malaysia but also useful information on the comparison of motivation factors to the pioneer of PPP implementation (i.e. the UK).

Variations in ultrasound scanning protocols in the UK for suspected deep vein thrombosis in outpatients

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
F Shahi ◽  
K Murali
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Ultrasound Scanning ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vascular Ultrasound ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Deep Vein

Aims To assess current ultrasound scanning protocol in outpatients with suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT), in particular whether practitioners routinely scanned calf veins. Methods A standard questionnaire was sent out via post to all radiology departments in the United Kingdom (UK) and via the British Medical Ultrasound Society (BMUS) website in 2010. Responses were entered into Access® and database queries were run to analyse responses. Free-text comments were taken into account in our analysis. Results A total of 277 responses (50 through the BMUS website) were received (46% postal response rate). Of them, six were excluded as these were incomplete. Thus, 97 (36%) were consultants, 13 (5%) accredited vascular scientists (AVSs), 153 (56%) sonographers and six (2%) higher radiology trainees. All AVSs scanned the whole limb and used all three modalities of compression, colour and pulse wave Dopplers. Practice across other healthcare professionals varied. In all, 120/176 (68%) of other health-care professionals trained in vascular ultrasound scanned the whole limb routinely and 82/120 of these used all three scanning modalities. Trained sonographers scanned the whole limb significantly more than the medical cohort (P = 0.017). The use of all three modalities varied significantly between AVS and the non-AVS trained professionals (P = 0.0194), the trained medical cohort of consultants and sonographers (P = 0.0001), and trained and non-trained respondents (P = 0.0113). The commonly chosen reason for not scanning the whole limb was that it had poor sensitivity for calf vein DVTs. Free-text reasons for not scanning the whole limb routinely included local protocols prohibiting it. Conclusions There is a discrepancy between the scanning protocols of medically trained and allied health-care professionals, trained or otherwise in vascular ultrasound, and between these groups and AVSs. This is likely to have an impact on clinical governance.

scholarly journals Parent/Caregiver Views of the Effectiveness of Speech-Language Pathology for Children Born With Cleft Palate Delivered via Telemedicine During COVID-19

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lucy Southby ◽  
Sam Harding ◽  
Amy Davies ◽  
Hannah Lane ◽  
Hannah Chandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
The Uk

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe and examine parent views of speech-language pathology (SLP) for children born with cleft palate delivered via telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (UK). Method: Parents were asked whether they found this method of delivery “very effective,” “somewhat effective,” or “not at all effective.” Free text was then invited. There were 212 responses. Ordinal chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis, or Fisher's exact tests examined associations between parent views of effectiveness and biological variables and socioeconomic status. Free text responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: One hundred and forty (66.0%) respondents reported that SLP delivered via telemedicine was “somewhat effective,” 56 (26.4%) “very effective,” and 16 (7.6%) “not at all effective.” There was no evidence of an association between parent reported effectiveness and any of the explanatory variables. Parent-reported challenges impacting on effectiveness included technology issues and keeping their children engaged with sessions. Importantly, telemedicine was viewed as “better than nothing.” Conclusions: Most parents reported that they felt SLP delivered via telemedicine during the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK was at least “somewhat effective.” It is important to interpret this in the context of there being no other method of service delivery during this time and that this study only represents families who were able to access SLP delivered via telemedicine. Further work is needed to identify which children with cleft palate might benefit from SLP delivered via telemedicine to inform postpandemic service provision.

scholarly journals Changes in mortality patterns and place of death during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive analysis of mortality data across four nations

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921632110409
Author(s):  
Sean B O’Donnell ◽  
Anna E Bone ◽  
Anne M Finucane ◽  
Jenny McAleese ◽  
Irene J Higginson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Death Certificate ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Place Of Death ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
At Home

Background: Understanding patterns of mortality and place of death during the COVID-19 pandemic is important to help provide appropriate services and resources. Aims: To analyse patterns of mortality including place of death in the United Kingdom (UK) (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) during the COVID-19 pandemic to date. Design: Descriptive analysis of UK mortality data between March 2020 and March 2021. Weekly number of deaths was described by place of death, using the following definitions: (1) expected deaths: average expected deaths estimated using historical data (2015–19); (2) COVID-19 deaths: where COVID-19 is mentioned on the death certificate; (3) additional non-COVID-19 deaths: above expected but not attributed to COVID-19; (4) baseline deaths: up to and including expected deaths but excluding COVID-19 deaths. Results: During the analysis period, 798,643 deaths were registered in the UK, of which 147,282 were COVID-19 deaths and 17,672 were additional non-COVID-19 deaths. While numbers of people who died in care homes and hospitals increased above expected only during the pandemic waves, the numbers of people who died at home remained above expected both during and between the pandemic waves, with an overall increase of 41%. Conclusions: Where people died changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with an increase in deaths at home during and between pandemic waves. This has implications for planning and organisation of palliative care and community services. The extent to which these changes will persist longer term remains unclear. Further research could investigate whether this is reflected in other countries with high COVID-19 mortality.

scholarly journals Hughes et al. (2020) 'I feel cancer patients have been neglected'.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsay Hughes ◽  
Mira Zuchowski ◽  
Vanessa Boshell ◽  
Myra Hunter ◽  
Sam Norton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aimed to explore the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic including Government-enforced restrictions, on women diagnosed with oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer in the UK using a mixed-methods approach. MethodsDepression (PHQ-2), anxiety (GAD-7), optimism (LOT-R) and perceived risk of recurrence (IPQ-BCS) were measured pre-COVID-19 outbreak and perceived vulnerability, severity and impact of COVID-19 were measured during the UK lockdown period of 23rd March-13th May 2020. Free text responses provided qualitative data. Descriptive statistics regarding COVID-19-specific behaviours and correlations between pre-COVID-19 psychosocial factors and COVID-19 outcomes were conducted. Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative responses. Quantitative and qualitative data are presented together.Results253 responses were received during the UK lockdown period. Twenty-six percent of the sample were shielding and 15% felt at higher risk of contracting COVID-19. Higher pre-COVID-19 depression and anxiety and lower optimism were associated with higher perceived vulnerability to and severity of COVID-19 and lower confidence in protecting oneself. There were positive and negative effects of lockdown on exercise and relationships and 42% reported negative impacts on anxiety. Participants reported fear of COVID-19, difficulties with adapting to isolation and using technology, and anxiety about the impact of delayed cancer treatment on their cancer recovery and recurrence. ConclusionsNegative effects of lockdown, particularly for delayed cancer treatment should be considered to manage ongoing anxiety. Screening of state depression and anxiety is suggested for intervention prioritisation, but more longitudinal research is needed to understand the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer survivors.

scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccination intention in the UK: Results from the COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptability Study (CoVAccS), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Mary Sherman ◽  
Louise E. Smith ◽  
Julius Sim ◽  
Richard Amlôt ◽  
Megan Cutts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Aim: To investigate factors associated with intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Methods: Online cross-sectional survey of 1,500 UK adults, recruited from an existing online research panel. Data were collected between 14th and 17th July 2020. We used linear regression analyses to investigate associations between intention to be vaccinated for COVID-19 when a vaccine becomes available to you and socio-demographic factors, previous influenza vaccination, general vaccine attitudes and beliefs, attitudes and beliefs about COVID-19, and attitudes and beliefs about a COVID-19 vaccination. Results: 64% of participants reported being likely to be vaccinated against COVID-19; 27% were unsure and 9% reported being unlikely to be vaccinated. Personal and clinical characteristics, previous influenza vaccination, general vaccination beliefs, and beliefs and attitudes about COVID-19 and a COVID-19 vaccination explained 77% of the variance in vaccination intention. Intention to be vaccinated was associated with more positive general COVID-19 vaccination beliefs and attitudes, weaker beliefs that the vaccination would cause side effects or be unsafe, greater perceived information sufficiency to make an informed decision about COVID-19 vaccination, greater perceived risk of COVID-19 to others but not oneself, older age, and having been vaccinated for influenza last winter (2019/20). Conclusions: Despite uncertainty around the details of a COVID-19 vaccination, most participants reported intending to be vaccinated for COVID-19. Actual uptake will likely be lower. Vaccination intention reflects general vaccine beliefs and attitudes. Campaigns and messaging about a COVID-19 vaccination should emphasize the risk of COVID-19 to others and necessity for everyone to be vaccinated.

İngiltere’den Türkiye’ye ‘Düzensiz’ Göçmen Dövizi Gönderme Davranışının Nedenleri Üzerine Nitel Bir İnceleme

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-190
Author(s):  
Fethiye Tilbe
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Money Transfers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Migrant Groups

Bu makale, göçmen dövizi  akımlarında “düzensizlik” olarak ifade ettiğimiz, Türkiye’ye resmi kanallar dışında gönderilen enformel  göçmen dövizlerini, Birleşik Krallık’ta (özellikle Londra’da) yaşayan Türkiye kökenli göçmenler açısından incelemektedir. Her göçmen grubu, gerek ev sahibi ülkedeki düzenleyici çerçeve ve sosyo-ekonomik koşullar, gerek göçmen topluluğunun sosyo-kültürel değerleri tarafından belirlenen biçimde, farklı göçmen dövizi transfer biçimlerine eğilim sergilemektedir. Dolayısıyla farklı ülkelerdeki aynı kökenden göçmen toplulukları, ev sahibi ülkedeki dinamikler nedeniyle göçmen dövizlerinin formel ya da enformel (düzenli ya da düzensiz) gönderiminde farklılaşabilirken, aynı ülkedeki farklı ülke kökenli göçmen grupları da pek çok örüntünün etkisiyle farklı eğilim gösterebilmektedir. Nitel araştırma tasarımı kapsamında 27 göçmen ve 7 anahtar statüdeki katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilen yüz yüze görüşmelere dayalı olan bu çalışma, Birleşik Krallık’tan Türkiye’ye göçmen dövizi gönderimindeki düzensizlik olgusunu, her iki ülkenin sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel dinamikleriyle ilişkilendirerek incelemeyi ve nedenlerini ortaya çıkarmayı amaç edinmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, göçmenlik statüsü, gönderilen para miktar ve sıklığı ile geleneksel ilişki ağlarına olan güvenin yanında, Birleşik Krallık’taki sosyal yardım ve çalışma biçimine ilişkinin düzenleyici çerçevenin ve göçmenlerin sosyo-ekonomik durumlarının Türkiye’ye enformel göçmen dövizi gönderiminde temel belirleyici olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHA Qualitative Examination of Determinants of Remittances Sending Behaviour Among Immigrants from Turkey in the UKThis article examines the causes of irregularity in remittances flows from the United Kingdom (UK) to Turkey, from the perspective of migrants from Turkey living in the UK. Each group of migrants prefers different types of remittance sending methods, as determined by the regulatory framework and socio-economic conditions in the host country and the socio-cultural values of the migrant community. Therefore, migrant communities of the same origin in different countries may differ in using formal or informal sending methods of remittances due to the dynamics in the host country. Similarly, migrant groups of different nationalities in the same country may show different tendencies due to the influence of many patterns. Similarly, migrant groups of different nationalities in the same country may show different tendencies due to the influence of many patterns. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of irregularities in sending remittances by associating with the social, economic and cultural dynamics of both countries. For this purpose, face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 27 immigrants and 7 key status participants by using qualitative research method. The obtained results reveal that the regulatory framework relating to social assistance and labour market in the UK, immigration status, the frequency and the amount of money sent and confidence in traditional relationship networks is the main determinants of informal money transfers to Turkey.

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