Validity of Self-reported Diabetes Among Kurdish Population; a Large Population-based Study From Iran

Abstract Background: The aim was to assess the validity of diabetes self-reporting based on oral anti-diabetic drugs, insulin injection, or high fasting blood sugar (FBS) in a large Kurdish population of Iran.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analytical study on 4400 subjects aged 35-70 years of the Dehgolan Prospective Cohort Study (DehPCS). The reference for having diabetes was oral hypoglycemic drug consumption, insulin injection, or high FBS representing diabetes. Self-reported diabetes status was investigated by well-trained interviewers before the identification of diabetes status based on reference criteria. The accuracy and agreement of self-reported diabetes with reference were assessed in the overall population as well as in different sociodemographic and habitual conditions. Results: Out of 4400 adults, 3996 agreed to participate in this study (participation=90.8%). The diabetes prevalence among the study population was 13.1% based on self-report and 9.7% based on reference. Of the 523 people who reported diabetes, 213 (41.28%) did not have diabetes. We found a good agreement of 92.3% concordance with a kappa value of 65.1% between self-reported diabetes and reference. Self-reported diabetes also guaranteed sensitivity of 78.5%, specificity of 93.9%, positive predictive value of 58.7%, and negative predictive value of 98.0% to identify diabetic participants. Conclusion: Self-reported diabetes is identified as a valid tool that could accurately determine the diabetes prevalence in epidemiological studies on the Kurdish population of Iran.

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Does Habitual Physical Activity Prevent Insomnia? A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study of Elderly Japanese

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.21.2.119 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 119-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Sachiko Inoue ◽

Takashi Yorifuji ◽

Masumi Sugiyama ◽

Toshiki Ohta ◽

Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High Frequency ◽

Large Population ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Habitual Physical Activity ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Elderly Japanese

Few epidemiological studies have examined the potential protective effects of physical activity on insomnia. The authors thus evaluated the association between physical activity and insomnia in a large population-based study in Shizuoka, Japan. Individual data were obtained from participants in an ongoing cohort study. A total of 14,001 older residents who completed questionnaires were followed for 3 yr. Of these, 10,211 and 3,697 participants were eligible for the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. The authors obtained information about the frequency of physical activity and insomnia. Then, the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals between physical activity and insomnia were estimated. Habitual physical activity was related to lower prevalence of insomnia. Frequent physical activity also reduced the incidence of insomnia, especially difficulty maintaining sleep. For elderly people with sufficient mobility and no preexisting disease, high-frequency physical activity (e.g., 5 or more days/wk) may help reduce insomnia.

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Psychometric Evaluation of the German Version of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC)

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70844-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

C. Barkmann ◽

M. Erhart ◽

M. Schulte-Markwort ◽

N. Wille ◽

U. Ravens-Sieberer

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Self Report ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

German Version ◽

Rater Agreement ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parental Assessment

Objectives:To examine the psychometric properties and test-theoretical quality of the German version of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC), a 20 items comprising screening instrument which measures the frequency of parent- and self-reported depressive symptoms in children and adolescents.Methods:Using a population-based, representative sample of N=2.863 7 to 17 year old German children and adolescents, factorial validity by means of linear structural modelling, cross-sectional coefficients of reliability, inter-rater agreement and normative scores are determined.Results:In a population-based German sample, the 4-factor version of the CES-DC following Radloff (1977) is considered to have good factorial validity and stability across age and informant version. The main problems of the questionnaire are the high difficulties of the items, strong floor effects of the scales and low cross-sectional reliability, which is just acceptable for screening purposes. The low inter-rater agreement indicate that parental assessment can replace self-assessment only to a limited degree.Conclusion:The strengths and weaknesses of the CES-DC are discussed taking into consideration previous data and comparable tests. Particular advantages are the existence of the parent report form and the adult version, as well as its multifactorial structure. Parental assessment should be supplemented by self-report data whenever possible.

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The Role of Musculoskeletal USG as Diagonostic Tool of CTS

Indian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.5005/ijopmr-25-2-44 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

P Das ◽

R Pramanik ◽

M Kataruka ◽

RN Haldar ◽

S Samanta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Low Cost ◽

Large Population ◽

Study Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Invasive Test ◽

Kappa Value

Abstract Introduction Over the years NCS has been used to diagnose and monitor the patients with CTS though USG has several advantages as diagnostic tool. This study has been done to find out the diagnostic accuracy of USG in CTS and to compare the efficacy of USG with standard NCS in CTS. Prospective cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Dept. of PM&R, IPGME&R, Kolkata from 1st March, 2012 to 31st August 2012 (6 months). Patient with clinical diagnosis of CTS of age >18 year of both sexes were included in this study and on the other hand patient with previous wrist surgery /injury, wrist deformity, diabetes mellitus, anatomical variants of median nerve on ultrasound were excluded from the study. Methodology After getting institutional ethical committee clearance, all patients who fulfil the above criteria were included in the study and further diagnostic conformation done by the standard diagnostic criteria of NCS. The same group of patients have been also screened by ultrasonography (USG). Results At the end of the study, data analysis showed that sensitivity and specificity were 92.3 and 70.0% respectively. Predictive value of +test, predictive value of -test were 88.9 and 77.8% respectively. Kappa value was 0.64 (between 0.5 and 0.7). It signifies that there is good correlation between NCS and USG as diagnostic tool of CTS. The comparison of the numerical values of median latency, amplitude and CSA USG within the groups with the help of ANOVA followed by Tukey's test showed that there was good correlation between latency and amplitude in mild, moderate, severe and profound CTS but unfortunately it was not correlated with the CSA measured by USG. Conclusion USG can be used for screening large population of patients as it is simple, easily available, non-invasive test and has relatively low cost and useful in evaluating and excluding local causes of nerve compression.

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Is the Presence of Mild to Moderate Cognitive Impairment Associated With Self-Report of Non-cancer Pain? A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Large Population-Based Study

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management ◽

10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.09.016 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 734-742 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Joseph W. Shega ◽

Judith A. Paice ◽

Kenneth Rockwood ◽

William Dale

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cancer Pain ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Cross Sectional Analysis ◽

Moderate Cognitive Impairment ◽

Sectional Analysis

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Socio-demographic Correlates of Diabetes Self-reporting Validity: An Adult’s Kurdish Population-based Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1058657/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Farhad Moradpour ◽

Negar Piri ◽

Hojat Dehghanbanadaki ◽

Ghobad Moradi ◽

Mahdiyeh Fotouk-Kiai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

False Positive ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Self Report ◽

Diabetes Prevalence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Economic Class ◽

Diabetes Status ◽

Demographic Correlates

Abstract Background: The aim was to assess the validity of self-reported according to the demographic and socio-economic feature in a the Dehgolan Prospective Cohort Study (DehPCS)Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analytical study on 4400 subjects aged 35-70 years of DehPCS. The reference for having diabetes was oral hypoglycemic drug consumption, insulin injection, or high FBS representing diabetes. Self-reported diabetes status was investigated by well-trained interviewers before the identification of diabetes status based on reference criteria. The validity criteria of self-reported diabetes were assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. Socio-demographic correlates of self-reported agreement were examined by multinomial logistic regression. Results: 3996 agreed to participate in this study (participation=90.8%). The diabetes prevalence among the study population was 13.1% based on self-report and 9.7% based on reference. Of the 523 people who reported diabetes, 213 (41.28%) did not have diabetes. We found a good agreement of 92.3% with an acceptable kappa value of 65.1% between self-reported diabetes and reference. Self-reported diabetes also guaranteed sensitivity of 78.5%, specificity of 93.9%, positive and negative predictive value of 58.7% and of 98.0% respectively. Female, higher economic class, higher BMI, and family history of diabetes were increased the chance of false positive. Being male and aging and moderate economic class increased the chance of false positive. Conclusion: Self-reported diabetes is identified as a relatively valid tool that could fairly determine the diabetes prevalence in epidemiological studies. It should be noted that its validity is influenced by some socio-demographic characteristics.

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To what extent is the elevated risk of psychological distress in people with diabetes accounted for by physical disability? Findings from a large population-based study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022767 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. e022767 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elza Elmira ◽

Emily Banks ◽

Grace Joshy

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Physical Disability ◽

Large Population ◽

Functional Limitation ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Population Based ◽

Elevated Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Psychological Distress ◽

Diabetes Status

ObjectivesPeople with diabetes experience an elevated risk of psychological distress compared with people without diabetes. It is unclear how much of this elevated risk is attributable to the greater levels of physical disability in people with diabetes, and how this risk varies according to sociodemographic and health-behavioural characteristics. This study quantified levels of psychological distress in people with and without diabetes, considering these factors.DesignCross-sectional analysis of questionnaire data.SettingMen and women aged ≥45 years, in the 45 and Up Study, from New South Wales, Australia.Participants236 441 people who completed the baseline postal questionnaire (distributed from 1 January 2006–31 December 2008), with valid data for diabetes status and psychological distress.Primary outcome measuresHigh psychological distress (Kessler-10 >22). Modified Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs), comparing prevalence of high psychological distress among those with and without diabetes and across physical functional limitation (PFL) levels, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsOverall, 8.4% (19 803/236 441) of participants reported diabetes. 11.8% (2339) of individuals with diabetes and 7.2% (15 664) without diabetes had high psychological distress: age-adjusted and sex-adjusted PR=1.89 (95% CI 1.81 to 1.97), becoming 1.58 (1.52 to 1.65) and 1.22 (1.17 to 1.27) following additional adjustment for sociodemographic factors, health behaviours and additionally for PFL, respectively. Compared with individuals with neither diabetes nor PFL, the adjusted PRs for high psychological distress were: 1.37 (1.17 to 1.60) with diabetes but no PFL, 7.33 (7.00 to 7.67) without diabetes but with severe PFL and 8.89 (8.36 to 9.46) with both diabetes and severe PFL.ConclusionsPeople with diabetes have a 60% greater risk of high psychological distress than people without diabetes; a substantial proportion of this elevation is attributable to higher levels of disability with diabetes, especially factoring in measurement error. Psychological distress is strongly related to physical impairment.

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Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041755 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e041755

Author(s):

Srinivas Marmamula ◽

Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli ◽

Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham ◽

Rajesh Challa ◽

Jill E Keeffe

Keyword(s):

Elderly Population ◽

Self Care ◽

The Elderly ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Self Report ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.

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Association of Edentulism with Various Chronic Diseases in Mexican Elders 60+ Years: Results of a Population-Based Survey

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9040404 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 404

Author(s):

Alejandro José Casanova-Rosado ◽

Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado ◽

Mirna Minaya-Sánchez ◽

José Luís Robles-Minaya ◽

Juan Alejandro Casanova-Sarmiento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Angina Pectoris ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Self Report ◽

World Health ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

World Health Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the association of edentulism with different chronic diseases and mental disorders in Mexicans aged 60 years and over. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the World Health Survey for Mexico, in a probabilistic, multi-stage cluster sampling framework. Data for self-report of chronic diseases (diabetes, arthritis, angina pectoris and asthma), mental disorders (depression and schizophrenia) and edentulism were analyzed. Edentulism data were available for 20 of the 32 States of Mexico. Statistical analysis was performed in Stata 14.0 using the svy module for complex sampling (Complex nature under which individuals are sampled). Results: In total 4213 subjects were included, representing a population of 7,576,057 individuals. Mean age was 70.13 ± 7.82 years (range 60 to 98); 56.2% were women. Chronic diseases’ prevalence and mental disorders prevalence were as follows: diabetes 15.0% (N = 1,132,693); arthritis 13.2% (N = 1,001,667); depression 5.5% (N = 414,912); angina pectoris 4.5% (344,315); asthma 3.6% (N = 269,287); and schizophrenia 2.2% (N = 16,988). The prevalence of edentulism was 26.3%, which pertained to 1,993,463 people aged 60 years and over. Angina in women aged 60 to 69 years (p < 0.05) and depression in men aged 70 years and over (p < 0.0001) were associated with higher prevalence of edentulism. Conclusions: There was generally sparse association between edentulism on chronic diseases and mental disorders included in the study, except for women aged 60 to 69 years for angina, and in men aged 70 and over, for depression. Although our findings are misaligned with previous reports, longitudinal studies are required to test causal and temporal relationships between edentulism with chronic diseases and mental disorders.

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Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Spain: higher than previously reported in other countries?

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/kez668 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (9) ◽

pp. 2556-2562 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Raúl Cortés Verdú ◽

José M Pego-Reigosa ◽

Daniel Seoane-Mato ◽

Mercedes Morcillo Valle ◽

Deseada Palma Sánchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Adult Population ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

The United States ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Visit ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives Prevalence of SLE varies among studies, being influenced by study design, geographical area and ethnicity. Data about the prevalence of SLE in Spain are scarce. In the EPISER2016 study, promoted by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology, the prevalence estimate of SLE in the general adult population in Spain has been updated and its association with sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables has been explored. Methods Population-based multicentre cross-sectional study, with multistage stratified and cluster random sampling. Participants were contacted by telephone to carry out a questionnaire for the screening of SLE. Investigating rheumatologists evaluated positive results (review of medical records and/or telephone interview, with medical visit if needed) to confirm the diagnosis. To calculate the prevalence and its 95% CI, the sample design was taken into account and weighing was calculated considering age, sex and geographic origin. Multivariate logistic regression models were defined to analyse which sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables included in the telephone questionnaire were associated with the presence of SLE. Results 4916 subjects aged 20 years or over were included. 16.52% (812/4916) had a positive screening result for SLE. 12 cases of SLE were detected. The estimated prevalence was 0.21% (95% CI: 0.11, 0.40). SLE was more prevalent in the rural municipalities, with an odds ratio (OR) = 4.041 (95% CI: 1.216, 13.424). Conclusion The estimated prevalence of SLE in Spain is higher than that described in most international epidemiological studies, but lower than that observed in ethnic minorities in the United States or the United Kingdom.

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