Secondary Consolidation Characteristics of Organic Soil Modified by Biological Enzymes Based on Gibson Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixin Zhang ◽  
Changping Wen
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Model ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Deformation Prediction ◽  
Enzyme Content ◽  
Creep Characteristics ◽  
Consolidation Coefficient ◽  
Soil Foundation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In order to study the secondary consolidation characteristics of organic soil modified by enzyme, the secondary consolidation tests of organic soil modified by enzyme were carried out. Firstly, the consolidation coefficient Cv, secondary consolidation coefficient Ca and compression index Cc of modified organic soil under different levels of loads and different enzyme contents were obtained according to the analysis of experimental data. Then, the parameters of Gibson rheological model were fitted respectively according to the experimental results. Finally, the relationship between rheological model parameters, Ca/Cc, secondary consolidation coefficient Ca and loading was analyzed under different enzyme contents. The results show that: (1) The rheological model parameters of organic soil modified by enzyme are negatively correlated with the enzyme content, and positively correlated with the load value. When the enzyme content is 0.01%, some parameters reach the maximum value; (2) The secondary consolidation coefficient is related to the load. The secondary consolidation coefficient of samples with different enzyme contents shows a certain rule under all levels of load. With the increasing of load, the final secondary consolidation coefficient Ca approaches a stable value; (3) The Ca/Cc values of the samples of the modified organic soil with different enzyme contents are between 0.042 and 0.1 under different loads. The results show that the model is suitable for describing the secondary consolidation creep characteristics of organic soil, and can be used to guide the long-term deformation prediction of organic soil foundation.

Koala habitat use and population density: using field data to test the assumptions of ecological models

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ellis ◽  
Sean FitzGibbon ◽  
Alistair Melzer ◽  
Robbie Wilson ◽  
Steve Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Diet Choice ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Term Data ◽  
Conservation Decisions ◽  
Conservation And Management

In principle, conservation planning relies on long-term data; in reality, conservation decisions are apt to be based upon limited data and short-range goals. For the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), frequently reliance is made on the assumption that indirect signs can be used to indicate behavioural preferences, such as diet choice. We examined the relationship between the use of trees by koalas and the presence of scats beneath those trees. Tree use was associated with scat presence on 49% of occasions when koalas were radio-tracked in both central Queensland (n = 10 koalas) and south-east Queensland (n = 5 koalas), increasing to 77% of occasions when trees were rechecked the following day. Koala densities were correlated with scat abundance at sites with koala density between ~0.2 and 0.6 koalas per hectare. Our results confirm that scat searches are imprecise indicators of tree use by koalas, but demonstrate that these searches can be used, with caveats, to estimate koala population densities. We discuss how errors in estimating or applying predictive model parameters can bias estimates of occupancy and show how a failure to validate adequately the assumptions used in modelling and mapping can undermine the power of the products to direct rational conservation and management efforts.

Sandstone Unloading Rheological Test and Model Parameters Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1473-1479
Author(s):  
Yu Zhou Jiang ◽  
Rui Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Evolution Equation ◽  
Rheological Model ◽  
Damage Evolution ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Damage Evolution Equation ◽  
Rheological Test

Rock rheology is common in engineering practice, which has an effect on long-term security and stability of the project. In order to understand the rheological mechanical properties under the condition of unloading sand, automatic servo apparatus of triaxial creep of rock was used to have a rheological mechanical unloading triaxial test on sandstone, which got typical flow complete curves of rock. Rheological test results showed that rheological phenomena occured in sandstone, and its rheological properties were significant with large rheological deformation, especially in high-stress conditions, When the external load exceeded the long-term strength of rock samples, specimen deformation went through three typical rheological stages with time increasing, and ultimately speed up the flow breakdown. Based on the experimental results, analyzed and studied the rheological parameters that were obtained, and discussed unsteady character law of rheological parameters. defined rheological damage of rock in the accelerating flow process as the unloading capacity and time-related exponential function, and proposed corresponding damage evolution equation, brought damage evolution equation into Burgers rheological model, and obtained nonlinear unloading model of rheological damage of rock, used accelerating rheological test curve of sandstone samples under the condition of 15MPa confining pressure and 135MPa stress level to verify nonlinear unloading model of rheological damage of rock, and the results showed that the fitting results of rheological test data and the improved rheological model had good consistency, and the rheological model can reflect the three stages of nonlinear rheology of rock, which can reflect the rheological characteristics under the condition of unloading sandstone more accurately.

Study on the Relationship between Parameters of Deterioration Creep Model of Rock under Different Modeling Assumptions

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 2571-2580
Author(s):  
Ming Huang ◽  
Xin Rong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Modulus ◽  
Evolution Equations ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Creep Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Creep Modulus ◽  
Term Creep ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the analysis to the characteristics of two kinds of rock steady creep curves, the nBurgers model that can describe the uniaxial creep properties of rock is presented. Considering the external influences on rock deformation as instantaneous elastic deterioration defined by the reduction of instantaneous elastic modulus and long-term creep deterioration defined by the reduction of long-term creep modulus, kBurgers model with deterioration is presented too. On this basis, three-dimensional model considering the Poisson’s ratio and Bulk modulus as the constant are established separately, and the relationship between their parameters is obtained. Finally, According to a calculation example, the deterioration evolution of model parameters considering water content changing under the assumption of constant bulk modulus is analyzed. In addition, the deterioration evolution equations of instantaneous elastic and long-term creep under the assumption of constant bulk modulus are obtained. It is verified that conversion relationships of model parameters are reasonable.

Long-term prediction of water quality for three types of catchment

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serguei Sokolov ◽  
Kerry P. Black
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Long Term Prediction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Large Catchment

A simple dynamic model relating the temporal change of the total mass of chemicals in a catchment to the chemical loading in the river provides high-accuracy predictions of absolute and time- integrated chemical loads. The developed model is able to reproduce effectively and simultaneously for all considered time scales the observed hysteresis in the relationship between chemical concentration in stream water and river discharge. Three types of catchment have been examined for long-term modelling: a local urban streamwater catchment, a transition urban–agricultural catchment and a large catchment with varied land use (urban, agricultural and protected forested areas). The long-period changes in model parameters and in water-quality variables are determined for each catchment.

Multi-Center Calibration of the Second Reference Material for Thromboplastin, Rabbit, Plain, Coded CRM 149R

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (03) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M H P van den Besselaar ◽  
R M Bertina
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Significant Bias ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
International Sensitivity Index

SummaryIn a collaborative trial of eleven laboratories which was performed mainly within the framework of the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR), a second reference material for thromboplastin, rabbit, plain, was calibrated against its predecessor RBT/79. This second reference material (coded CRM 149R) has a mean International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of 1.343 with a standard error of the mean of 0.035. The standard error of the ISI was determined by combination of the standard errors of the ISI of RBT/79 and the slope of the calibration line in this trial.The BCR reference material for thromboplastin, human, plain (coded BCT/099) was also included in this trial for assessment of the long-term stability of the relationship with RBT/79. The results indicated that this relationship has not changed over a period of 8 years. The interlaboratory variation of the slope of the relationship between CRM 149R and RBT/79 was significantly lower than the variation of the slope of the relationship between BCT/099 and RBT/79. In addition to the manual technique, a semi-automatic coagulometer according to Schnitger & Gross was used to determine prothrombin times with CRM 149R. The mean ISI of CRM 149R was not affected by replacement of the manual technique by this particular coagulometer.Two lyophilized plasmas were included in this trial. The mean slope of relationship between RBT/79 and CRM 149R based on the two lyophilized plasmas was the same as the corresponding slope based on fresh plasmas. Tlowever, the mean slope of relationship between RBT/79 and BCT/099 based on the two lyophilized plasmas was 4.9% higher than the mean slope based on fresh plasmas. Thus, the use of these lyophilized plasmas induced a small but significant bias in the slope of relationship between these thromboplastins of different species.

Risk Attitude and Corporate Investment under Output Market Uncertainty: Evidence from The Mekong River Delta, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Ninh Le Khuong ◽  
Nghiem Le Tan ◽  
Tho Huynh Huu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Firm Investment ◽  
Output Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to detect the impact of firm managers’ risk attitude on the relationship between the degree of output market uncertainty and firm investment. The findings show that there is a negative relationship between these two aspects for risk-averse managers while there is a positive relationship for risk-loving ones, since they have different utility functions. Based on the findings, this paper proposes recommendations for firm managers to take into account when making investment decisions and long-term business strategies as well.

Financial Folly and Spain’s Black Legend

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Drelichman ◽  
Hans-Joachim Voth
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Great Flexibility ◽  
Loan Contracts ◽  
Historical Tradition ◽  
Black Legend ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
The Relationship

This epilogue argues that Castile was solvent throughout Philip II's reign. A complex web of contractual obligations designed to ensure repayment governed the relationship between the king and his bankers. The same contracts allowed great flexibility for both the Crown and bankers when liquidity was tight. The risk of potential defaults was not a surprise; their likelihood was priced into the loan contracts. As a consequence, virtually every banking family turned a profit over the long term, while the king benefited from their services to run the largest empire that had yet existed. The epilogue then looks at the economic history version of Spain's Black Legend. The economic history version of the Black Legend emerged from a combination of two narratives: a rich historical tradition analyzing the decline of Spain as an economic and military power from the seventeenth century onward, combined with new institutional analysis highlighting the unconstrained power of the monarch.

QUALITY OF LIFE PROBLEMS OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
Olga Churuksaeva ◽  
Larisa Kolomiets
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship

Due to improvements in short- and long-term clinical outcomes a study of quality of life is one of the most promising trends in oncology today. This review analyzes the published literature on problems dealing with quality of life of patients with gynecological cancer. Data on quality of life with respect to the extent of anticancer treatment as well as psychological and social aspects are presented. The relationship between quality of life and survival has been estimated.

The Effects of P75NTR on Learning Memory Mediated by Hippocampal Apoptosis and Synaptic Plasticity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Jie Tang ◽  
Shuang Feng ◽  
Xing-Dong Chen ◽  
Hua Huang ◽  
Min Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neurotrophin Receptor ◽  
P75 Neurotrophin Receptor ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Relationship

: Neurological diseases bring great mental and physical torture to the patients, and have long-term and sustained negative effects on families and society. The attention to neurological diseases is increasing, and the improvement of the material level is accompanied by an increase in the demand for mental level. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a low-affinity neurotrophin receptor and involved in diverse and pleiotropic effects in the developmental and adult central nervous system (CNS). Since neurological diseases are usually accompanied by the regression of memory, the pathogenesis of p75NTR also activates and inhibits other signaling pathways, which has a serious impact on the learning and memory of patients. The results of studies shown that p75NTR is associated with LTP/LTD-induced synaptic enhancement and inhibition, suggest that p75NTR may be involved in the progression of synaptic plasticity. And its pro-apoptotic effect is associated with activation of proBDNF and inhibition of proNGF, and TrkA/p75NTR imbalance leads to pro-survival or pro-apoptotic phenomena. It can be inferred that p75NTR mediates apoptosis in the hippocampus and amygdale, which may affect learning and memory behavior. This article mainly discusses the relationship between p75NTR and learning memory and associated mechanisms, which may provide some new ideas for the treatment of neurological diseases.

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