Lumbar Posterior Muscle and Local Kyphosis in Patients with Degenerative Thoracolumbar Kyphosis: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Xu ◽  
Chen Guo ◽  
Yan Liang ◽  
Zhenqi Zhu ◽  
Haiying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thoracolumbar Kyphosis ◽  
Local Kyphosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Whole Spine ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
T2 Mri ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Purpose: To explore the relationship between thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), body mass index (BMI) and the content of lumbar posterior muscles in patients with degenerative thoracolumbar kyphosis (DTLK) combined with lumbar stenosis syndrome (LSS).Methods: 126 patients with DTLK and LSS (DTLK group) and 87 patients with simple LSS (control group) were retrospectively included with well-matched demographics. TLK and lumbar lordosis (LL) were obtained on the X-ray of the whole spine. Lumbar crossing indentation value (LCIV) was introduced to evaluate the content of the lumbar muscles, with was measured from T12-L1 to L4-L5 at T2-MRI axial imaging. Three subgroups of normal weight, overweight and obesity were respectively divided into in both groups according to BMI. Three subgroups of increased LL, normal LL normal and decreased LL were also divided into in DTLK group.Results: The mean LCIV (mLCIV) of the DTLK group was less than control group and LCIV showed an increasing trend in DTLK group from T12-L1 to L4-L5. Different from control group, there were no significances in gender and BMI distribution of mLCIV in DTLK group (P>0.05). LCIV in increased LL subgroup was larger than that of normal LL and less LL subgroup (P<0.01). There were no relationship between TLK and BMI in both groups. BMI was positively correlated with mLCIV in control group(P=0.004). TLK and LCIV were negatively correlated (P<0.001) in DTLK group with LCIV=13.75-0.48×TLK.Conclusion: LCIV in DTLK group was less than control group with no gender- and BMI-difference. LCIV and TLK were mutually predictable in DTLK with LCIV=13.75-0.48×TLK.

scholarly journals Gynecology Cancer in Relationship with Obesity

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracia M R G Rauw ◽  
Bismarck J Laihad ◽  
Biran Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Cancer Multiple ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Objective: To know the relationship between obesity and gynecology cancer. Method: This study use case control study design for 250 gynecology patients (125 controls and 125 cases) in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Hospital from 1 July to 30 November 2015. The data was collected by measuring Body Mass Index (BMI) and filing out selfadministered questioners. Result: From the 250 subjects, the study group (125 subjects), 72 subjects have obesity (57.6%) and 97 subjects have multiple parities (77.6%) with 58 subjects diagnosed with cervical cancer (46.4%). In the control group (125 subjects), 71 subjects have normal weight (56.8%) and 67 subjects have multiple parities (53.6%) with 64 subjects diagnosed with ovarium cysts (51.2%). Using multivariate logistic regression, the overweight and obese subjects have 7 folds higher risk to develop gynecology cancer compared to those with normal or underweight subjects. Those with multiple parities and grande multipara subjects have 3 folds higher risk to develop gynecology cancer compared with those who are nullipara and primipara. Conclusion: A significant correlation is found between obesity and gynecology cancer using multivariate logistic regression analysis (p=0.000, OR=6.9 (95% CI = 3.62-13.13). [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 1: 23-30] Keywords: gynecology cancer, multiple parities, obesity

scholarly journals Religious Personality and Smoking among Form Two Students in Rural Schools in Malacca, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Afiah MZ ◽  
Rahmah MA ◽  
Salmiah MS ◽  
Fazilah I ◽  
Shamsul Azhar S
Keyword(s):  
Rural Schools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Religious Personality ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Holy Book

Introduction: There is an increasing trend in smoking among rural adolescents compared to urban adolescents in Malaysia. This study was to determine the relationship between religious personality and smoking among form two students from the rural schools in Malacca. Methods: This was an unmatched case-control study conducted from May 2010 to August 2010 among form two school children from rural area in Malacca. There were 484 cases, and 444 controls selected using randomized cluster sampling. The dependent variable was smoking, and the independent factors were religious personality. Validated and reliability-tested questionnaires were used for data collection. Results: The mean age (year) at which smoking was first tried among the cases was 11.39 + 2.107. There were eleven out of twenty three significant differences between religious personality statements in the cases and control group. Those were: reciting the Quran/Holy book/Scriptures even when busy, making efforts to deepen the understanding of the religion, trying to understand the teachings of the religion in the Holy book/Quran, inviting others to perform solat/prayer/religious service, making sure all the family members are following the teachings according to the religion, referring to the learned people when feeling uncertain about the rulings/teachings of the religion, performing work duties enthusiastically because of the religion/God, making efforts to remember death and afterlife often, making efforts to internalize the ethical conduct of the religion in daily life, setting aside money every year for religious purposes and looking for opportunities to give charity. Conclusion: Religious personality is an important factor which may influence adolescents volved in smoking.

Rorschach Characteristics in Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Santoantonio ◽  
L. Yazigi ◽  
E. I. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality characteristics in adolescents with SLE. The research design is a case-control study by means of the Rorschach Method and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Study group: 30 female adolescents with lupus, 12–17 years of age. The SLE Disease Activity Index was administered during the period of psychological evaluation. Control group: 32 nonpatient adolescents were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic level. In the Wechsler Intelligence Scale the mean IQ of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (77 and 98, respectively, p < .001). In the Rorschach, the lupus patients showed greater difficulty in interpersonal interactions, although they displayed the resources to process affect and to cope with stressful situations. A positive moderate correlation (p = .069) between the activity index of the disease and the affect constriction proportion of the Rorschach was observed: the higher the SLEDAI score, the lower the capacity to process affect. There is a negative correlation between the activity index of the disease and the IQ (p = .001): with a higher activity index of the disease, less intellectual resources are available.

Association of Serum Homocysteine Level and Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis: A Case-control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Mohammadali Nazarinia ◽  
Asghar Zare ◽  
Mohammad javad Fallahi ◽  
Mesbah Shams
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background:Systemic sclerosis is a disorder of connective tissue with unknown cause, affecting the skin and internal organs, characterized by fibrotic changes.Objective:To determine the correlation between serum homocysteine level and interstitial lung involvement in systemic sclerosis. </P><P> Materials and Methods: In this case – control study, 59 patients who fulfilled the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for systemic sclerosis and were referred to Hafez Hospital of Shiraz, Iran, were included as the case group. Fifty nine healthy subjects were involved as the control group. Patients were divided into two groups based on interstitial lung involvement and two subtypes, diffuse and limited type. Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels compared between the controls, and cases groups.Results:Of 59 case and control group, 53 (%89.8) were female and the mean age did not differ in both groups (P=0.929). Thirty five (%59.3) patients had interstitial lung involvement and 38(%64.4) had diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The mean serum homocysteine level was 13.9±6.3 µmol/L in the case and 13.7±9.2 µmol/L in the control group (P=0.86). The mean serum homocysteine level did not differ between the patients with and without interstitial lung involvement (P=0.52). The patients with lung involvement was older than those without lung involvement (P=0.004). Lung disease was more common in diffuse type (P=0.014).Conclusion:In our study, serum homocysteine level did not differ between the patients and healthy subjects. Also, there was no correlation between serum homocysteine level and lung involvement, but lung involvement was more common in older patients and also diffuse subtype.

scholarly journals Diverticular fistulation is associated with nicorandil usage

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
James McDaid ◽  
Claire Reichl ◽  
Ihsan Hamzah ◽  
Samantha Fitter ◽  
Laura Harbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

INTRODUCTION We observed that a number of patients presenting to our clinic with diverticular fistulation were taking nicorandil for angna. Recognised side effects of nicorandil include gastrointestinal and genital ulceration. The aim of our study was to determine whether nicorandil is an aetiological agent in diverticular fistulation. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a case-control study of patients with diverticular disease related enteric fistulae. Two patient groups were identified: a study group of patients with diverticular fistulae, and a control group with uncomplicated diverticular disease. The proportion of patients who had ever used nicorandil was compared between the two groups. RESULTS A total of 153 case notes were analysed, 69 patients with fistulae and 84 control patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease. Female to male ratio in both groups was 2:1. The mean age was 71 years in the fistula group and 69 years in the control diverticular disease group (P = ns). Of those with colonic fistulae, 16% were taking nicorandil compared with 2% of the control group (odds ratio 7.8; 95% confidence interval 1.5–39.1; P = 0.008). There was no significant difference in rates of ischaemic heart disease between fistula and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Nicorandil is associated with fistula formation in diverticular disease.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Salivary Nitric Oxide Concentration and Dental Caries in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Elyassi ◽  
Ali Malekzadeh Shafaroudi ◽  
Pegah Nasiri ◽  
Mahmood Moosazadeh ◽  
Azam Nahvi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Oxide Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Concentration

Context: Conflicting results have been reported in the literature concerning the relationship between salivary nitrous oxide concentration and dental caries in children. Metaanalysis studies aim to combine different studies and reduce the difference between the parameters by increasing the number of studies involved in the analysis process. Objectives: Accordingly, this meta-analysis study aimed at determining the relationship between salivary nitrous oxide concentration and dental caries in children. Methods: Databases were searched using the keywords “nitric oxide”, “salivary”, “Caries”, “DMFT Index”, “children”, “early childhood caries” and OR, AND and NOT operators. Quality assessment was then performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) checklist. The standardized mean difference (SMD) of DMFT, dmft, and salivary nitric oxide (NO) concentration was estimated. Results: Seven studies made a comparison between the mean salivary NO concentration in children with dental caries and that in the control group. In four studies, the mean salivary NO concentration in children with dental caries was lower, as compared to that in the control group. This difference was significant in all four studies. Also, the mean standardized difference of the salivary NO index was also estimated to be -0.11 (CI 95%: -1.77, 1.55). Conclusions: This meta-analysis study demonstrated that salivary NO concentration was not significantly related to dental caries. Moreover, since salivary NO concentration is affected by various factors, it is not sufficient to determine the likelihood of the incidence of caries.

scholarly journals Urine CA-2 as a biomarker for diagnosis urinary stone and prediction of its complications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-jing Leng ◽  
Hai-bin Zhou ◽  
Jiang-ling Fu ◽  
Wen-juan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract PURPOSECarbonic anhydrase-2 (CA-2) plays a role in mineralization and calcification in organism. Strong evidence suggests that CA-2 is associated with urolithiasis. However, the relationship between CA-2 and urinary stone remains unclear. The study aimed to assess the association of urine CA-2 (uCA-2) level and the potential risk of urinary stone.METHODSFrom March 2017 to November 2019, a prospective cohort study was conducted on patients with urinary stones and healthy subjects to determine the pretreatment uCA-2 level detection by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The difference of uCA-2 level between patients with urinary stones and healthy subjects was compared. Then comparison between stone patients with complications and without complications was carried out as well as correlation analysis to detect factors associated with biomarker expression.RESULTS118 patients with urinary stones were into urinary stones group and 42 healthy subjects were into healthy control group. The mean pretreatment uCA-2 level was significantly higher in patients with urinary stones group than healthy controls group (P=0.028). Furthermore, The uCA-2 level was positive correlation with urinary stones complications (R=0.379, P=0.000), especially pain complications (R=0.524, P=0.000) and hematuria complications (R=0.374, P=0.000). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis that a uCA-2 level threshold of 10.94 ng/mL had 83.67% sensitivity and 68.12% specificity for predicting urinary stones complications. CONCLUSIONSExcessive uCA-2 excretion is a major risk factor for urinary stone. Our findings suggested that uCA-2 may be used as an unappreciated biomarker for the diagnosis urinary stone in patients and to predict its complications.

scholarly journals Safety and Effectiveness of Transforaminal Epiduroscopic Laser Ablation in Single Level Disc Disease: A Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (21;1) ◽  
pp. E643-E650
Author(s):  
Dong Ah Shin
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Single Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background: The non-operative treatment of herniated intervertebral discs has long been a fundamental challenge. A novel technique of laser ablation to ablate the nucleus pulposus under a transforaminal epiduroscope (TELA system, Lutronics, Seoul, Republic of Korea) was recently developed. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transforaminal epiduroscopic laser ablation (TELA) for selective ablation of the nucleus pulposus in single-level disc disease. Study Design: Prospective case control study Setting: Multicenter study Methods: This study included a group of 56 patients who underwent transforaminal epiduroscopic laser ablation (TELA) and 56 patients who underwent selective transforaminal epidural block (STEB) for single-level disc disease. Visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and SF-12 were assessed at admission and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Results: The mean VAS of back pain was lower for the TELA group than for the STEB group 12 months postoperative (P < 0.05). The mean ODI was lower in the TELA group than in the STEB group at 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). There were no major complications related to the TELA and STEB procedures. Limitations: The primary limitation is a small sample size. The control group was created from a database which was prospectively collected in a different time line. Conclusions: The TELA procedure is superior to the STEB procedure in terms of patients reporting less pain and better quality of life over a year. TELA may be a reasonable alternative to conventional interventions or open surgery in single-level disc disease. Key words: Laser-assisted spinal endoscopy, disc decompression, Nd:YAG laser, laser ablation, intervertebral disc disease, lumbar spine

scholarly journals The correlation between family smoking habits and mosquito coils use with pneumonia incidences in toddlers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Wiwin Winarsih ◽  
Wiwik Kusumawati ◽  
Anjarwati Anjarwati
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

The incidences of pneumonia in infants Become the second highest cause mortality before reaching the age of 5 years and a health problem in Indonesia. The family of smoking and smoke from burning mosquito coils are the triggers for air pollution, which can lead to pneumonia in infants. The study aims to analyze the relationship between family smoking habits and the use of mosquito coils with the incidence of pneumonia in under-fives. The method of research applied analytic observational research using a case-control study approach. The number of samples in this study was 87 under-fives in the case group and 87 under-fives in the control group. Sampling was conducted by non-probability sampling. A questionnaire was used as a data collecting instrument. Data analysis used chi-square and multiple logistic regression. The results of this study Showed that there was a relationship between family smoking habits and the use of mosquito coils with the incidence of pneumonia in infants. In addition, there were other variables that had a relationship with the incidence of pneumonia in under-fives namely smoking location (OR = 3,046; 95% CI: 1429-6492, p = 0.003), the number of cigarettes (OR = 7.105 ; 95% CI: 3079-16394, p = 0.000), and length of time with smokers (p = 0.000). On the other hand, the variables of father smoker status and the frequency of using mosquito coils were not related to the incidence of pneumonia in under-fives (p value 0.05). It is concluded that family smoking habits, use of mosquito coils, the location of smoking, and number of cigarettes, and  length of time together with smokers were risk factors associated with the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Relationship between Involvement Sites in Vitiligo Patients and Autoimmune Diseases and Hematological Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru KARAGUN
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Aim-Objectives: Vitiligo is an acquired idiopathic disease which progresses with melanocyte destruction and is clinically characterized by depigmented lesions of unknown etiology. Vitiligo may be coexistence with a autoimmune and endocrine disorders. This study examined the sT3, fT4, TSH, Anti-TPO, Anti-Tg, Vitamin B12 and fasting blood glucose (FBG) values, and thrombocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(TLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), the mean platelet volume(MPV) the correlation of depigmented lesions with the extent of body involvement sites(IS). Materials and Method: The study enrolled 67 patients aged 0‒65 who were diagnosed with non-segmental generalized vitiligo and in whom an increase in lesions had been observed in the last six months. The IS of the lesions in the patients were evaluated as IS ˂10%(1st group), 10%‒20% (2nd group), 20% - 30%(3rd group), 30% - 40%(4th group), 40% ‒50 %(5th group), and ˃50%(6th group). The control group consisted of patients who had presented to the outpatient clinic having had no history of vitiligo detected in themselves nor in their families. Results: No significant correlation was found between IS and sT3, fT4, TSH, Anti-TPO, Anti-Tg, Vit. B12, PBG or MPV. A moderately positive correlation was found between IS and duration (p <0.05) and a mildly positive correlation between IS and NLR and TLR (p <0.05). Conclusion: This study show that every patient diagnosed with vitiligo, independent of the IS, should undergo examination for autoimmune disease. A mild positive correlation between VTA and NLO-TLO was found to be an indicator of increased inflammation in vitiligo patients as the extent of lesions increased.

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