scholarly journals The correlation between family smoking habits and mosquito coils use with pneumonia incidences in toddlers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Wiwin Winarsih ◽  
Wiwik Kusumawati ◽  
Anjarwati Anjarwati

The incidences of pneumonia in infants Become the second highest cause mortality before reaching the age of 5 years and a health problem in Indonesia. The family of smoking and smoke from burning mosquito coils are the triggers for air pollution, which can lead to pneumonia in infants. The study aims to analyze the relationship between family smoking habits and the use of mosquito coils with the incidence of pneumonia in under-fives. The method of research applied analytic observational research using a case-control study approach. The number of samples in this study was 87 under-fives in the case group and 87 under-fives in the control group. Sampling was conducted by non-probability sampling. A questionnaire was used as a data collecting instrument. Data analysis used chi-square and multiple logistic regression. The results of this study Showed that there was a relationship between family smoking habits and the use of mosquito coils with the incidence of pneumonia in infants. In addition, there were other variables that had a relationship with the incidence of pneumonia in under-fives namely smoking location (OR = 3,046; 95% CI: 1429-6492, p = 0.003), the number of cigarettes (OR = 7.105 ; 95% CI: 3079-16394, p = 0.000), and length of time with smokers (p = 0.000). On the other hand, the variables of father smoker status and the frequency of using mosquito coils were not related to the incidence of pneumonia in under-fives (p value 0.05). It is concluded that family smoking habits, use of mosquito coils, the location of smoking, and number of cigarettes, and  length of time together with smokers were risk factors associated with the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Apliana Lupu Kaka ◽  
Johny A.R Salmun ◽  
Agus Setyo Budi

Hypertension in conditions when blood pressure is at a value of 130/80 mmHg or more with the number of cases experiencing an increase from 2016-2018, Tana Mete Village, Kodi Balaghar District. in 2016 there were 880 (8.8%), cases in 2017 were 2,580 (25.8%) cases and in 2018 there were 3. 410 (34.1%) cases. Hypertension in influenced by factors of age, smoking habits, stress, and alcohol consumption. This study aims to analyze the relationship between age, smoking habits, stress, and alcohol comsuption. This research is an analytic observational research with a case control research design. The number of cases in Tana Mete Village, Kodi Balaghar District, Southwest Sumba Regency was 220 (22%) and the sample was 80 respondents and divided into two groups, namely the case and control group, the case group was 40 respondents and the control group was 40 respondents. These variables have been analyzed univariately and bivariately, the results of this study incidate that there are three risk factor variables for the incidence of hypertentsion. Namely age with a value p= 0.003, OR=4.059 (95% CI: 1.568-10.510), smoking habits with a value p=0.001, OR: 6.378 (95%CI:2.280-17.842), stress with a value of p=0.014, OR: 3.095 (95%CI: 3.095-7.706) while the variable alcohol comsumption has no relationship with the value of p=0.133. To prevent the occurrence of hypertension, the activities undertaken include avoiding smoking, stress and taking time for recreation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iz Zuddin Adha ◽  
Rizki Hanriko ◽  
Dian Isti Angraini

ABSTRAK  Pendahuluan: Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) sering terjadi pada usia lanjut. Sekitar 50% laki-laki yang memiliki usia diatas 50 tahun diketahui memiliki bukti patologi BPH. Usia dan hipertensi diketahui menjadi faktor dalam proses terjadinya BPH. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan usia dan hipertensi dengan kejadian BPH di Bangsal Bedah RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek tahun 2017. Metode:  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode case control study. Jenis data yang dipakai adalah data sekunder dari rekam medis. Sampel diambil dari pasien bangsal bedah RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek tahun 2017. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah consecutive. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis univariat, analisis bivariat dengan chi-square, dan analisis multivariat dengan metode regresi logistik ganda. Hasil: Rerata usia subjek penelitian adalah 66,00 ± 10,17 tahun untuk kelompok kasus. dan 53,36 ± 16,19 tahun untuk kelompok kontrol. Pada kelompok kasus, persentase hipertensi sebesar 36,7% sedangkan yang tidak hipertensi sebesar 63,3%. Pada kelompok kontrol persentase hipertensi sebesar 10% sedangkan yang tidak hipertensi sebesar 90%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa usia ≥50 tahun (OR = 11,947; nilai p=0,009) dan hipertensi (OR = 7,898; nilai p=0,017) merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya BPH. Pembahasan:  Pada usia tua, terjadi ketidakseimbangan hormon testosteron dan estrogen sehingga mempengaruhi pembesaran kelenjar prostat. Peningkatan ekspresi VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) pada kondisi hipertensi akan menginduksi angiogenesis dan mengakibatkan terjadinya peningkatan gejala klinis BPH. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan usia dan hipertensi dengan kejadian BPH di Bangsal Bedah RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek tahun 2017. Kata Kunci: BPH, hipertensi, usia  ABSTRACT  Background: Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) often occurs in old age. About 50% of men over 50 years are known to have BPH pathology evidence. Age and hypertension are known to be factors in the process of BPH. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of age and hypertension with the occurrence of BPH in the Surgical Ward of RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek in 2017. Methods: This study uses a case control study method. The type of data used is secondary data from medical records. Samples were taken from surgical ward patients of Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek in 2017. The sampling technique was consecutive sampling. Data analysis was performed with univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with chi-square, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression methods. Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 66.00 ± 10.17 years for the case group. and 53.36 ± 16.19 years for the control group. In the case group the percentage of hypertension was 36.7% while non-hypertension was 63.3%. In the control group the percentage of hypertension was 10% while non-hypertension was 90%. The results showed that age ≥50 years (OR = 11,947; p value = 0.009) and hypertension (OR = 7.898; p value = 0.017) were risk factors for BPH. Discussion: In old age, there is an imbalance of the hormones testosterone and estrogen which affects the enlargement of the prostate gland. Increased VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) expression in hypertensive conditions will induce angiogenesis and result in an increase in clinical symptoms of BPH. Conclusion: There is a relationship between age and hypertension with the occurrence of BPH in the Surgical Ward Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek in 2017. Keywords : BPH, hypertension, age


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Siti Lestari ◽  
Dyah Dwi Astuti ◽  
Fachriza Malika Ramadhani

Asfiksia perinatal merujuk pada kekurangan oksigen selama persalinan, sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan kematian dan kecacatan. WHO memperkirakan  4 juta anak terlahir dengan asfiksia setiap tahun, dimana 1 juta di antaranya meninggal dan 1 juta anak bertahan hidup dengan gejala sisa neurologis yang parah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko fetal dan tali pusat pada asfiksia neonatal.Penelitian dilakukan di lakukan di RS Dr Moewardi Surakarta dengan pendekatan  quantitative retrospective case control study. Data diambil dari rekam medis antara  tahun 2013-2018. Penelitan ini melibatkan  264 neonatal yang terdiri dari 88 kelompok kasus dan 176  kelompok control. Kelompok kasus adalah bayi dengan diagnosa  asfiksia yang  dilakukan analisis terhadap faktor risiko fetal, sedangkan bayi yang tidak mengalami asfiksia dijadikan  kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis statistik uji Chi-Square dan Fisher Exact ditemukan bahwa  kelahiran prematur (OR 2,07 CI 95% P 0,02), persalinan dengan tindakan (OR 3,61 CI 95% P 0,00), berat bayi (OR 2,85 CI 95% P 0,00), posisi janin (OR 2,37 CI 95% P 0,05), tali pusat ( QR 3,071 CI 95%  P 0,01)  berisiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal. Air ketuban yang bercampur meconium (OR 1,51 CI 95% P 0,16) tidak memiliki risiko  dengan Asfiksia perinatal. Kesimpulan: Risiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal  meliputi kelahiran prematur, persalinan dengan tindakan, berat bayi, posisi janin,  dan tali pusat.Perinatal asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen during labor, which has the potential to cause death and disability. WHO estimates  4 million children born with asphyxia each year, in  which 1 million dies and 1 million survive with severe neurological sequelae. This study aims to analyze fetal and umbilical risk factors in neonatal asphyxia.This research is a quantitative retrospective case-control study, which was conducted at The Dr. Moewardi  hospital,  Surakarta. Data was taken from  medical records from 2013-2018. The case group was patients diagnosed  asphyxia, while those who did not experience asphyxia were treated as a control group.  A total of 264  samples, consisting of 88 case group respondents and 176 control group respondents. Statistical analysis Chi- Square and Fisher Exact found that preterm birth (OR 2.07 CI 95% P 0.02), labor with instrument or complication (OR 3.61 CI 95% P 0.00), infant weight (OR 2.85 CI 95% P 0, 00), fetal position (OR 2.37 CI 95% P 0.05), umbilical cord (QR 3.071 CI 95% P 0.01) are at risk for the incidence of perinatal Asphyxia. The amniotic fluid mixed with meconium (OR 1.51 CI 95% P 0.16) has no risk with perinatal asphyxia.The risk factors of incidences of perinatal asphyxia were  preterm birth, labor with instrument or complication, baby weight, fetal position and umbilical cord. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Rahmad Suryawan Ura ◽  
Yuly Peristiowati

Typhoid fever is a disease that is prone to occur in Indonesia, because of the characteristics of the climate that is very prone to diseases related to the seasons. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors related to the incidence of typhoid fever in the Working Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. The research design used is quantitative analytics method using quantitative data. The type of approach used is case control. The population is 74 patients with typhoid fever. The large sample taken as many as 37 respondents, with a large comparison of samples between the number of respondents in the case group is 37 respondents, and 37 respondents as a control group, so the total number of samples is 74 respondents. Sampling techniques used in this study is a simple random sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, it is known that there is no relationship between age and the incidence of typhoid fever in the Working Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. Chi-square test result obtained p-Value Sig (0.445) > α (0.05). While it is known that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge, the level of education, hygiene of individual respondents with the incidence of typhoid fever in the Work Area of the Health Office of Jayawijaya Regency. Chi-square test results obtained p- value (0.000) < α (0.05) and environmental sanitation with the incidence of Typhoid Fever in the Work Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. Chi-square test result obtained p-value (0.001) < α (0.05). Based on the results of the study is expected to increase kinship with patients as well as by providing health services visits to the patient's home.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
fendi ntobuo

One of negative behavior that is mostly done by adolescents is bullying, this behavior is prevalent in the school enviroment. Generally, the factor that influence bullying behavior are family factors, shool factor, peer factor. The focus was on the influence of parenting style because it has a correlation between parenting on an aggressive behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of parenting to bullying behavior in Bolangitan 1 N Senior High study approach. The total population was 48 respondents. The result of study by using the Chi Square statistical tes tah there is a significant relationship between parenting of bullying behavior in Bolangitan N 1 School with a value (p value: 0,000). It can concluded there is a significant relationship between parenting style towards bullying behavior in Bolangitan 1 Senior High School. It suggest that counseling can be held about bullying behavior and its response to adolescents.


e-CliniC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda A. Tambunan ◽  
Pieter L. Suling ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan

Abstract: Nicotine stomatitis could be found among heavy smokers. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of lesions suspected as nicotine stomatitis among villagers of Ongkaw Dua. This was an analytical study with a cross sectional design. Population consisted of 183 smokers aged >15 years at Desa Ongkaw Dua and the subjects were 65 smokers. The chi-square showed a p-value of 0.592 for the relationship between the duration of smoking and the occurence of lesion supspected as nicotine stomatitis. Moreover, the chi-square showed a p-value of 0.005 for the relationship between the number of cigarettes consumed per day and the occurence of lesion suspected as nicotine stomatitis. In conclusion, there was no relationship between the duration of smoking and the occurence of lesion suspected as nicotine stomatitis, but there was a significant relationship between the number of cigarettes consumed per day and the occurence of lesion suspected as nicotine stomatitis.Keywords: smoking habit, nicotine stomatitis Abstrak: Stomatitis nikotina dapat dijumpai pada perokok berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kebiasaan merokok dengan angka kejadian lesi yang diduga stomatitis nikotina pada masyarakat desa Ongkaw Dua. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu 183 perokok berusia >15 tahun di Desa Ongkaw Dua dan yang menjadi subyek penelitian berjumlah 65 orang. Hasil uji chi-square terhadap hubungan lama merokok dengan angka kejadian lesi yang diduga stomatitis nikotina mendapatkan p=0,592. Hasil uji chi-square terhadap hubungan antara jumlah rokok yang dihisap setiap hari dengan angka kejadian lesi yang diduga stomatitis nikotina mendapatkan p=0,005. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan antara lamanya merokok dengan angka kejadian lesi yang diduga stomatitis nikotina, tetapi terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jumlah rokok yang dihisap setiap hari dengan angka kejadian lesi yang diduga stomatitis nikotina.Kata kunci: kebiasaan merokok, stomatitis nikotina


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Esfehani ◽  
Bahareh Mohammad Zahraiee ◽  
Sepideh Arab ◽  
Fatemeh Hajmanoochehri ◽  
Mohammadtaghi Vatandoust

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess salivary sodium and potassium concentrations in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: In this case-control study, saliva samples (5 cc) were collected from 13 patients with fixed orthodontic appliances before, and 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after the beginning of the orthodontic treatment using the spitting method. Saliva samples were also collected from 10 healthy individuals as controls. The saliva samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes and the salivary sodium and potassium concentrations were measured by spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests. P-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The salivary sodium and potassium concentrations were almost the same in both groups at baseline (P > 0.05). A significant reduction in sodium and an increase in potassium levels were noted in the case group at 1 week compared with baseline (P < 0.001). At 1 week, the potassium concentration was significantly higher and the sodium concentration was significantly lower in the case group (P < 0.01). The salivary sodium significantly increased while the salivary potassium significantly decreased at 1 month compared with 1 week (P < 0.001). The differences with the control group were also significant (P < 0.05). No significant differences were noted between the two groups at 3 months (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Time has a significant effect on the release profile of sodium and potassium ions from orthodontic appliances. The salivary sodium and potassium concentrations returned to their normal pretreatment values within 3 months after the start of fixed orthodontic treatment.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Mohammed Momenuzzaman Khan ◽  
Md Nazmul Huda ◽  
Manabendra Bhattacharjee ◽  
Md Jalal Uddin ◽  
Mustofa Kamal Uddin Khan

Background: Migraine is an important cause of headache and headache-related disabilities. It increases loss of working time, causes inability to carry out daily activities and disruption of family and social life. The pathophysiology of migraine is still poorly understood. On the other hand, the prevalence of obesity is constantly increasing worldwide. The consequence of overweight and obesity includes increased risk of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cancer.Objectives: This study was performed to assess the relationship between BMI and migraine by finding out the relationship between migraine frequency and duration in different BMI groups, comparing the socio-demographic variables in migraine and non-migraine patients and to find out the migraine related co-morbidities.Materials and Methods: This observational case-control study was conducted on 100 subjects aged 12–50 years in the Neurology Outpatient Department, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh in the period of January 2011 to December 2012. Out of total subjects fifty migraine patients were selected as cases and fifty nonmigraineurs as controls. Subjects were then categorized in three groups based on BMI: <23, 23 to 25 and >25. Collected data were compiled and appropriate analyses were done by using computer based software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. For statistical analysis one way ANOVA tests were done for comparing means of quantitative data and Chi-square tests were done for qualitative data. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In this study, majority (>95%) of the study subjects were between 10 and 35 years of age. Mean age of case group was found 25.55 ± 5.87 and that of control was 25.53 ± 4.22 years. Case group contained 10 (20%) males and 40 (80%) females whereas control group had 14 (28%) males and 36 (72%) females. Number of female cases and controls were higher than that of male. In control group 30 (60%) were unmarried and 20 (40%) were married. There was no significant difference in the financial condition between case and control groups. Students and housewives occupied the largest number of study subjects who were unemployed. Regarding residence, rural and urban patients were equal in case group and in control group 29 (58%) were urban and 21 (42%) rural. Mean duration of headache was 8.9 ± 7.5, 5.8 ± 6.7, 9.6 ± 14.3 years in different BMI groups (<23, 23–25, >25 respectively) in case group and 4.6 ± 5.3, 4.4 ± 3.4, 3.4 ± 1.4 years in control group respectively. There was significant difference in quality of headache. In migrainous group 58.6% in BMI <23, 30% in BMI 23–25, 36.4% in BMI >25 noted their headache as throbbing, in contrast most of the nonmigrainous described them as dull in nature. Mean frequency of headache per month was significantly higher in migraine group compared to non-migraine group (p=0.02). Regarding associated symptoms, nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia were observed significantly higher in migraine patients in BMI <23 group. Odd ratios (ORs) for vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia with 95% confidence interval (CI) were 23.385 (2.752–97.739), 16.500 (3.060– 88.971) and 13.000 (2.922–57.846) respectively. Smoking was found significantly higher in nonmigrainous group than migraine group in case of BMI <23.Conclusion: From the result of present study it can be concluded that there is statistically no significant relation of BMI with frequency of headache, but some relationship were observed for associated symptoms of migraine with low BMI.J Enam Med Col 2016; 6(2): 80-87


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 3464-3468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elida Normiaty Purba ◽  
Heru Santosa ◽  
Fazidah Aguslina Siregar

BACKGROUND: The incidence rate of hypertension is increasing in Indonesia concerning unhealthy behaviours such as unhealthy physical activity and eating pattern which trigger obesity. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension in > 18-year-old people was 34.1% in 2018. AIM: The objective of the research was to find out the relationship between physical activity and obesity with the incidence of hypertension in adults (26-45 years old) in Medan. METHODS: The research was done in Medan, using a case-control study design. The samples were 150 hypertension patients, taken by using proportional allocation: 75 of them were in the case group and the other 75 of them were in the control group. The data were gathered by conducting interviews, measurement, and questionnaires and analysed by using simple logistic regression test. RESULTS: The result of the research showed that there was significant relationship of physical activity (p = 0.000; OR = 3.6; 95% CI, 1.802-7.270) and obesity (p = 0.000; OR = 4; 95% CI, 2.030-7.900) with the incidence of hypertension in 26-45-year-old respondents. CONCLUSION: Make a habit of a healthy lifestyle in their daily life by doing physical activity regularly and good eating pattern to forestall hypertension.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aszrul AB ◽  
Andi Suswani

Family support is very important for stroke patients or those who experience a stroke. Family support is given to health care. Broadly speaking, health efforts are divided into three prevention, curative prevention and rehabilitation efforts (Maulana, 2014: 38). Successfully preventing stroke in patients with hypertension, the family must provide support for patients with hypertension so that lifestyle changes.The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between family support for efforts to prevent stroke in hypertensive patients in the Bontonyeleng Public Health Center Gantarang District, Bulukumba Regency.This study uses quantitative research design using descriptive design. The sample of this study amounted to 50 people taken by the total sampling method that is all participants who were used as the study sample. Data analysis in this study used the Chi Square test statistic test.Based on the results of the research obtained by the respondents, there were mostly in the good category as many as 29 respondents (58%), while the family efforts in minimizing stroke in hypertensive patients were mostly found in the non-done category as many as 33 respondents (66%). The results of the analysis using the Chi Square statistical test obtained a p value of 0,000, thus p <α (0,000 <0,05).The conclusion of this study is about the relationship between families with efforts to minimize stroke in hypertensive patients in the work area of ​​Bontonyeleng Public Health Center, Gantarang District, Bulukumba Regency.Suggestions from this study are to be able to add information and input for health workers to be able to increase assistance for hypertensive patients regarding family needs with family prevention in minimizing stroke in patients with hypertension.


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