Dietary Natural Plant Extracts Modulate Growth Performance and Antioxidant Status of Senegalese Sole Postlarvae

Abstract Background Oxidative stress has a direct impact on fish production, affecting both growth and health status. Plant based extracts, such as those from green tea, curcumin and grape seeds, are known for their abundant content and diversity of polyphenols. These bioactive compounds have a high antioxidant capacity making such extracts good additives to include in fish diets potentially improving the oxidative status of fish, and therefore enhancing growth and stress resistance of farmed fish.A growth trial with Senegalese sole postlarvae (45 days after hatching) fed with four experimental diets, a control (CTRL) and three supplemented with natural antioxidants, namely curcumin (CC), green tea (GT) and grape seed (GS) extracts, was performed during 25 days to check if these supplements could improve growth performance and fish oxidative status. Moreover, a thermal stress was applied at the end of the growth trial, to assess the effect of these supplemented diets in stress resistance of sole postlarvae.ResultsSole growth was improved by the dietary inclusion of CC and GS compared to CTRL. Postlarvae from CC and CTRL present the lowest values of oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation). Moreover, the fish fed CC showed a decrease in stress related biomarkers (heat shock protein 70 and glutathione-S-transferase) compare to CTRL, which might be due to direct antioxidant capacity. In contrast the supplementation of GT and GS increased the content of oxidative damage in sole reared in standard conditions. However, after a thermal stress exposure both GT and GS treatment seem to prevent the increase of protein carbonylation content and the decrease in the levels of antioxidant glutathione in sole, depending on the time of exposure. ConclusionsOverall, dietary supplementation with these natural extracts modulates oxidative status and stress response after a short/long term temperature increase. The incorporation of curcumin seems to be a safe additive to include in sole diets, enhancing growth and oxidative status. The supplementation of the studied doses of green tea and grape seed extracts in fish diets needs further research as they may act as pro-oxidant depending of the culture conditions.

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Dietary Natural Plant Extracts Modulate Growth Performance and Antioxidant Status of Senegalese Sole Postlarvae

10.21203/rs.3.rs-117940/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Xavier ◽

Luís Conceição ◽

Luisa Valente ◽

Rita Colen ◽

Andreia Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stress ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Green Tea ◽

Stress Resistance ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Senegalese Sole ◽

Fish Diets ◽

Growth Trial

Abstract Oxidative stress has a direct impact on fish production, affecting both growth and health status. Plant based extracts, such as those from green tea, curcumin and grape seeds, are known for their abundant content and diversity of polyphenols. These bioactive compounds have a high antioxidant capacity making such extracts good additives to include in fish diets potentially improving the oxidative status of fish, and therefore enhancing growth and stress resistance of farmed fish. A growth trial with Senegalese sole postlarvae (45 DAH) fed with four experimental diets, a control (CTRL) and three supplemented with natural antioxidants, namely curcumin (CC), green tea (GT) and grape seed (GS) extracts, was performed during 25 days to check if these supplements could improve growth performance and fish oxidative status. Moreover, a thermal stress was applied at the end of the growth trial, to assess the effect of these supplemented diets in stress resistance of sole juveniles.Sole growth was improved by the dietary inclusion of CC and GS compared to CTRL. Juveniles from CC and CTRL present the lowest values of oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonylation (PC)). Moreover, the fish fed CC showed a decrease in stress related biomarkers (heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)) compare to CTRL, which might be due to direct antioxidant capacity. In contrast the supplementation of GT and GS increased the content of oxidative damage in sole reared in standard conditions. However, after a thermal stress exposure both GT and GS treatment seem to prevent the increase of PC and decrease of antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in sole and depending on the time of exposure. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with these natural extracts modulates oxidative status and stress response after a short/long term temperature increase. The incorporation of curcumin seems to be a safe additive to include in sole diets, enhancing growth and oxidative status. The supplementation of the studied doses of green tea and grape seed extracts in fish diets needs further research as they may act as pro-oxidant depending of the culture conditions.

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Dietary Natural Plant Extracts Can Promote Growth and Modulate Oxidative Status of Senegalese Sole Postlarvae under Standard/Challenge Conditions

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051398 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1398

Author(s):

Maria J. Xavier ◽

Luís E. C. Conceição ◽

Luisa M. P. Valente ◽

Rita Colen ◽

Andreia C. M. Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stress ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Protein Carbonylation ◽

Senegalese Sole ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Growth Trial

Plant extracts are known for their high content and diversity of polyphenols, which can improve fish oxidative status. A growth trial with Senegalese sole postlarvae (45 days after hatching) fed with one of four experimental diets—control (CTRL), and supplemented with curcumin (CC), green tea (GT), and grape seed (GS) extracts—was performed to assess if supplementation could improve growth performance and oxidative status. At the end of the growth trial, postlarvae were submitted to a thermal stress to assess their robustness. Sole growth was improved by CC and GS diets when compared to those fed the CTRL. CC and CTRL postlarvae presented the lowest oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation values). Stress-related biomarkers (heat shock protein 70 and glutathione-S-transferase) decreased in CC fish compared to those fed the CTRL diet, which might be due to a direct antioxidant capacity. In contrast, oxidative damage increased in GT and GS sole reared in standard conditions. However, after a thermal stress, GT and GS diets prevented the increase of protein carbonylation content and the decrease of antioxidant glutathione, depending on exposure time. Overall, dietary supplementation with natural extracts modulated oxidative status and stress response after a short/long-term exposure to temperature.

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Green tea extract only affects markers of oxidative status postprandially: lasting antioxidant effect of flavonoid-free diet

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2002523 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 343-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

J. F. Young ◽

L. O. Dragsted ◽

J. Haraldsdóttir ◽

B. Daneshvar ◽

M. A. Kall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Green Tea ◽

Plasma Lipids ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Green Tea Extract ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Plasma Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Tea Extract ◽

Plasma Antioxidant

Epidemiological studies suggest that foods rich in flavonoids might reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of green tea extract (GTE) used as a food antioxidant on markers of oxidative status after dietary depletion of flavonoids and catechins. The study was designed as a 2×3 weeks blinded human cross-over intervention study (eight smokers, eight non-smokers) with GTE corresponding to a daily intake of 18·6 mg catechins/d. The GTE was incorporated into meat patties and consumed with a strictly controlled diet otherwise low in flavonoids. GTE intervention increased plasma antioxidant capacity from 1·35 to 1·56 (P<0·02) in postprandially collected plasma, most prominently in smokers. The intervention did not significantly affect markers in fasting blood samples, including plasma or haemoglobin protein oxidation, plasma oxidation lagtime, or activities of the erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase. Neither were fasting plasma triacylglycerol, cholesterol, α-tocopherol, retinol, β-carotene, or ascorbic acid affected by intervention. Urinary 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine excretion was also unaffected. Catechins from the extract were excreted into urine with a half-life of less than 2 h in accordance with the short-term effects on plasma antioxidant capacity. Since no long-term effects of GTE were observed, the study essentially served as a fruit and vegetables depletion study. The overall effect of the 10-week period without dietary fruits and vegetables was a decrease in oxidative damage to DNA, blood proteins, and plasma lipids, concomitantly with marked changes in antioxidative defence.

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Spatio-temporal variation in oxidative status regulation in a small mammal

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.7801 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e7801

Author(s):

Vincent Lemieux ◽

Dany Garant ◽

Denis Reale ◽

Patrick Bergeron

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Damage ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Time And Space ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Oxidant Production ◽

Study Sites

Life-history allocation trade-offs are dynamic over time and space according to the ecological and demographical context. Fluctuations in food availability can affect physiological trade-offs like oxidative status regulation, reflecting the balance between pro-oxidant production and antioxidant capacity. Monitoring the spatio-temporal stability of oxidative status in natural settings may help understanding its importance in ecological and evolutionary processes. However, few studies have yet conducted such procedures in wild populations. Here, we monitored individual oxidative status in a wild eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus) population across the 2017 summer active period and over three study sites. Oxidative damage (MDA: Malondialdehyde levels) and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels (FRAP: Ferric reducing antioxidant power and HASC: Hypochlorous acid shock capacity) were quantified across time and space using assays optimized for small blood volumes. Our results showed an increase in oxidative damage mirrored by a decrease in FRAP throughout the season. We also found different antioxidant levels among our three study sites for both markers. Our results also revealed the effects of sex and body mass on oxidative status. Early in the active season, females and individuals with a greater body mass had higher oxidative damage. Males had higher HASC levels than females throughout the summer. This study shows that oxidative status regulation is a dynamic process that requires a detailed spatial and temporal monitoring to yield a complete picture of possible trade-offs between pro-oxidant production and antioxidant capacity.

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G-protein subunit Gai in mitochondria, MrGPA1, affects conidiation, stress resistance, and virulence of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii

10.21203/rs.2.23319/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Youmin Tong ◽

Hao Wu ◽

Zhenbang Liu ◽

Zhangxun Wang ◽

bo huang

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Thermal Stress ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

G Protein ◽

Uv Irradiation ◽

Stress Resistance ◽

Galleria Mellonella ◽

Cell Wall Integrity ◽

Protein Subunit ◽

Metarhizium Robertsii

Abstract G proteins are critical modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. They play key roles in numerous biological processes in fungi, including vegetative growth, development of infection-related structures, asexual sporulation, and virulence. However, their function in entomopathogenic fungi remains unclear. Here, we characterized the roles of MrGPA1, a G-protein subunit Gα i , in conidiation, stress resistance, and virulence in Metarhizium robertsii . MrGPA1 was localized in the mitochondria. MrGpa1 deletion resulted in a significant reduction (47%) in the conidiation capacity, and reduced expression of several key conidiation-related genes, including fluG , flbD , brlA , wetA , phiA , and stuA . Further, MrGpa1 disruption resulted in decreased fungal sensitivity to UV irradiation and thermal stress, as determined based on conidial germination of ∆MrGpa1 and wild-type strains. Chemical stress analysis indicated that MrGpa1 contributes to fungal antioxidant capacity and cell wall integrity, but is not involved in antifungal ability and osmotic stress. Importantly, insect bioassays involving (topical inoculation and injection) of Galleria mellonella larvae revealed decreased virulence of ∆MrGpa1 strain after cuticle infection. This was accompanied by decreased rates of appressorium formation and reduced expression of several cuticle penetration-related genes. These observations suggest that MrGpa1 contributes to the regulation of conidiation, UV irradiation, thermal stress response, antioxidant capacity and cell wall integrity in M. robertsii . This gene is also involved in insect cuticle penetration during infection. These findings raise the possibility of designing powerful strategies for genetic improvement of M. robertsii conidiation capacity and virulence for killing pests.

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Alcohol Induced Hepato Cardiotoxicity and Oxidative Damage in Rats: The Protective Effect of n-butanol Extract of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze)

Cardiovascular & Haematological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871529x17666170310101727 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amel Amrani ◽

Nassima Boubekri ◽

Somia Lassad ◽

Djamila Zama ◽

Fadil Benayache ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Damage ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Green Tea ◽

Camellia Sinensis ◽

Butanol Extract

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Effects of glutamine supplementation on oxidative stress-related gene expression and antioxidant properties in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114511004168 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 107 (8) ◽

pp. 1112-1118 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Pei-Hsuan Tsai ◽

Jun-Jen Liu ◽

Chui-Li Yeh ◽

Wan-Chun Chiu ◽

Sung-Ling Yeh

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gene Expression ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Related Gene ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

Oxidative Stress Related Gene

There are close links among hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and diabetic complications. Glutamine (GLN) is an amino acid with immunomodulatory properties. The present study investigated the effect of dietary GLN on oxidative stress-relative gene expressions and tissue oxidative damage in diabetes. There were one normal control (NC) and two diabetic groups in the present study. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide followed by streptozotocin (STZ). Rats in the NC group were fed a regular chow diet. In the two diabetic groups, one group (diabetes mellitus, DM) was fed a common semi-purified diet while the other group received a diet in which part of the casein was replaced by GLN (DM-GLN). GLN provided 25 % of total amino acid N. The experimental groups were fed the respective diets for 8 weeks, and then the rats were killed for further analysis. The results showed that blood thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) mRNA expression in the diabetic groups was higher than that in the NC group. Compared with the DM group, the DM-GLN group had lower glutamine fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1, a receptor of advanced glycation end products, and Txnip gene expressions in blood mononuclear cells. The total antioxidant capacity was lower and antioxidant enzyme activities were altered by the diabetic condition. GLN supplementation increased antioxidant capacity and normalised antioxidant enzyme activities. Also, the renal nitrotyrosine level and Txnip mRNA expression were lower when GLN was administered. These results suggest that dietary GLN supplementation decreases oxidative stress-related gene expression, increases the antioxidant potential and may consequently attenuate renal oxidative damage in rats with STZ-induced diabetes.

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