Effects of Psychological Capital, Coping Style and Emotional Intelligence on Self-Rated Health Status of College Students in China During COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Objective To explore the relationship between the self-reported health status, emotional coping style, emotional intelligence and positive psychological state of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The questionnaires of Self-rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS), Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ)were used for online survey. The study included 367 undergraduates. Results Male undergraduates had significantly higher psychological capital scores than female (P < 0.05), and those without siblings had significantly higher emotional intelligence and psychological capital scores than those with (P < 0.05). The students from urban had significantly higher emotional intelligence scores than those from rural (P < 0.05). Students who spent less than 3 hours online per day had significantly higher self-rated health scores than those spending 6 hours online per day (P < 0.05), and those who spent 3–6 hours online per day was significantly higher psychological capital scores than those who spent more than 6 hours online per day (P < 0.05). The interaction between emotional intelligence, psychological capital and coping styles was statistically significant (β=-0.045,P < 0.05) in health status with coping style ranking the top (β = 21.277). Conclusion: Sex, having siblings or not, birth place and online time per day affected health status, emotional intelligence, and psychological capital in undergraduate students. Coping style is a main positive factor that affects health, which was modified by emotional intelligence and psychological capital. In this pandemic emergency, positive coping style with optimistic emotional perception and understanding is an important measure against the pandemic-induced health problem.

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Prevalence of Sub-health Status among College Students in Guangzhou Baiyun Technician College Business during the Coronavirus Pandemic

10.21203/rs.3.rs-113313/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanqi Liao ◽

Ming-Ming Li ◽

Wan-Xian Lu ◽

Yan-Bin Pan ◽

Jian-Rong Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Health Status ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Online Survey ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Disease Status ◽

Measurement Scale ◽

Health Measurement

Abstract Background: Sub-health status (SHS) is an intermediate status between health and disease. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of sub-health status among college students during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and analyze its influencing factors in order to provide basic information to increase the health level of college students. Methods: College students were selected as subjects from Guangzhou Baiyun Technician College Business using convenience sampling. The inclusion criteria was informed consent, current college students who voluntarily participated in this survey. Exclusion criteria were students with chronic diseases or mental disorders. General data questionnaire, daily lifestyle questionnaire, and SHS measurement scale were used to survey college students. The SHS measurement scale consists of three subscales covering the physiological (1-14 items), psychological (16-27 items), and social (29-37 items) dimensions, with 39 items in total. The items 15, 28, 38 and 39 were used for the overall evaluation of the health status within each dimension and would not be taken into account for the score rating. A commonly used 5-point Likert scale was developed to incorporate the positive items, including questions 1-3, 13-19, and 26-39 with a scaled score equal to the raw score at 1-5; while negative items including questions 4-12 and 20-25 with a scaled score equal to 6 minus the raw score. For each subscale, the sum of all item scores was the raw score. The total raw score was calculated as the sum of raw scores derived from all 3 sub-scales. For any individual dimension, a lower score indicated higher severity of SHS. For sub-scales and the whole scale, raw scores were converted into percentile scores for statistical analysis. Converted score = (raw score - minimum theoretical score) / (maximum theoretical score – minimum theoretical score) × 100. The highest and lowest converted scores of the three subscales were 0 and 100 respectively. In this study, analysis of sub-health was performed using converted scores for all subscales and the whole scale. Based on the sub-health measurement scale, the health condition of subjects would be assessed as disease status (scored < 54), SHS (scored 54 to 79) and health status. From March 6 to 16, 2020, an online survey was conducted via wjx.cn (an online platform available for questionnaire sources). A total of 16,163 students filled out the questionnaire. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the detected prevalence of sub-health among college students was 64.4%.the total SHS score was 73.356 ± 11.115 points, the physiological SHS score was 81.284 ± 11.034 points, the psychological SHS score was 68.691 ± 12.559 points, and the social SHS score was 67.242 ± 17.112 points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that eating irregular meals, exercising fewer times per week, sleeping fewer hours per night, sleeping after 11 PM more often, spending more time on electronic devices, exercising for fewer minutes each time, and skipping breakfast had the significant negative impact on the SHS scores of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic (P<0.05), while being the only child had a significant positive impact on the SHS scores of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic (P<0.05). Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the detected prevalence of sub-health was high among college students. Society and schools should pay more attention to the health of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and take pertinence action to solve the problem base on influencing factors.

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on College Students: An Online Survey

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131910762 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 10762

Author(s):

Thien Khai Tran ◽

Hoa Dinh ◽

Hien Nguyen ◽

Dac-Nhuong Le ◽

Dong-Ky Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Online Education ◽

Large Scale ◽

Online Survey ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Human Life ◽

Negative Mood ◽

Psychological State ◽

Survey Analysis ◽

The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic, since its beginning in December 2019, has altered every aspect of human life. In Vietnam, the pandemic is in its fourth peak and is the most serious so far, putting Vietnam in the list of top 30 countries with the highest daily cases. In this paper, we wish to identify the magnitude of its impact on college students in Vietnam. As far as we’re concerned, college students belong to the most affected groups in the population, especially in big cities that have been hitting hard by the virus. We conducted an online survey from 31 May 2021 to 9 June 2021, asking students from four representative regions in Vietnam to describe how the pandemic has changed their lifestyle and studying environment, as well as their awareness, compliance, and psychological state. The collected answers were processed to eliminate unreliable ones then prepared for sentiment analysis. To analyze the relationship among the variables, we performed a variety of statistical tests, including Shapiro–Wilk, Mc Nemar, Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon, Kruskal–Wallis, and Pearson’s Chi-square tests. Among 1875 students who participated, many did not embrace online education. A total of 64.53% of them refused to think that online education would be the upcoming trend. During the pandemic, nearly one quarter of students were in a negative mood. About the same number showed signs of depression. We also observed that there were increasing patterns in sleeping time, body weight, and sedentary lifestyle. However, they maintained a positive attitude toward health protection and compliance with government regulations (65.81%). As far as we know, this is the first project to conduct such a large-scale survey analysis on students in Vietnam. The findings of the paper help us take notice of financial and mental needs and perspective issues for indigent students, which contributes to reducing the pandemic’s negative effects and going forwards to a better and more sustainable life.

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Pathways from Food Insecurity to Health Outcomes among California University Students

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11061419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1419 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Suzanna M. Martinez ◽

Michael A. Grandner ◽

Aydin Nazmi ◽

Elias Ruben Canedo ◽

Lorrene D. Ritchie

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Weight Status ◽

Online Survey ◽

Student Characteristics ◽

Poor Health ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

The Past ◽

The Impact

The prevalence of food insecurity (FI) among college students is alarmingly high, yet the impact on student health has not been well investigated. The aim of the current study was to examine the simultaneous relationships between food insecurity and health-related outcomes including body mass index (BMI) and overall health in a college student population. Randomly sampled students in the University of California 10 campus system were invited to participate in an online survey in spring 2015. The analytic sample size was 8705 graduate and undergraduate students. Data were collected on FI in the past year, daily servings of fruits and vegetables (FV), number of days in the past week of enough sleep and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), height and weight, self-rated health, and student characteristics. Using path analysis, mediated pathways between FI, BMI, and poor health were examined through FV intake, number of days of MVPA and enough sleep. Analyses controlled for student characteristics. Mean BMI was 23.6 kg/m2 (SD, 5.0), and average self-rated health was good. FI was directly and indirectly related to higher BMI and poor health through three pathways. First, FI was related to fewer days of enough sleep, which in turn was related to increased BMI and poor health. Second, FI was related to fewer days of MVPA, which in turn was related to increased BMI and poor health. Third, FI was related to fewer daily servings of FV, which in turn was related to poor health. FI is associated with poor health behaviors among college students, which may contribute to higher weight status and poor health. These findings highlight the importance of food security for a healthy college experience.

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Emotional Intelligence and Prosocial Behavior in College Students: A Moderated Mediation Analysis

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.713227 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Haiying Wang ◽

Shuang Wu ◽

Weichen Wang ◽

Chao Wei

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

College Students ◽

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Prosocial Behavior ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Measurement Scale ◽

Social Support Scale ◽

Internal And External Factors ◽

The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and prosocial behavior (PSB) and constructed a model for their interaction by examining the mediating effect of social support (SS) and the moderating effect of self-esteem (SE) in this relationship. A total of 742 college students aged from 18 to 20 in Northeast China (Mage =19.42 ± 0.53 years) completed a survey measuring the Emotional Intelligence Scale, Prosocial Tendencies Measurement Scale—Chinese Version, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Self-Esteem Scale. The results showed that: (1) EI positively predicted PSB; (2) SS partially mediated the relationship between EI and PSB; and (3) SE moderated the direct effect of EI on PSB and the relationship between SS and PSB. That is, when the SE of college students was higher, the effect of SS in promoting PSB was enhanced. Therefore, our results suggested that under the influence of both internal and external factors, there is an indirect effect of EI on PSB. This finding may potentially provide a theoretical basis for designing college students' mental health courses and cultivating PSB in college.

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Does Psychological Capital Mediate Occupational Stress and Coping Among Nurses in ICU

Western Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/01939459211014426 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 019394592110144

Author(s):

Xiuyu Yao ◽

Yujie Lin ◽

Chang Zhang ◽

Xiaoran Wang ◽

Fangjia Zhao

Keyword(s):

Occupational Stress ◽

Job Stress ◽

Coping Style ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Equation Model ◽

Stress And Coping ◽

Psychological State ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Coping

As an exploitable positive psychological state that individual performs during growth and development processes, psychological capital (PsyCap) was deemed as an essential factor in occupational health. This study aims to explore mediating effects of PsyCap on the relationship between job stress and coping style among ICU nurses. A cross-sectional sample of 288 nurses was recruited. A high-level of occupational stress (2.32 ± 0.69) and PsyCap (4.62 ± 0.93) were found among participants who mainly used a positive coping style (2.04 ± 0.59). PsyCap was significantly negatively correlated with job stress ( β = −0.250; p < .01) and positively with coping style ( β = 0.416; p < .01). Structural equation model analysis revealed that job stress negatively influenced PsyCap, while PsyCap positively influenced coping style. Results verified the mediating role of PsyCap and suggested that an increase in PsyCap contributes to better control of job stress and the improvement of one’s coping style.

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The effects of socio-cultural factors on medical college students' self-rated health status and health-promoting lifestyles in Eritrea: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-15692/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Isayas Afewerki Abraham ◽

Xufu Zhang ◽

Zewdi Amanuel Dagnew ◽

Eyasu H. Tesfamariam ◽

Ghirmay Ghebreigziabher Beraki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Health Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cultural Factors ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Optimal Health ◽

Health Promoting

Abstract Background: Sub-optimal health status (SHS) and unhealthy lifestyle among college students have become a major focus for research on public health worldwide. Hence, this study was designed to assess the effects of socio-cultural factors on medical college students' self-rated health status (SRH) and health-promoting lifestyles (HPL) in Eritrea.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Orotta School of Medicine (OSM), using a self-administered questionnaire. Data was collected from all medical students who had fulfilled the inclusion criteria using Sub-Optimal Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II) scale questionnaires. Independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Binary multivariate logistic regression were performed. Data analysis was undertaken using SPSS version 22.Results: The overall SRH was significantly higher among college students with BMI of 25 to 29.9 (M=88.23, SD=6.28) as compared to <18.5 (p=0.027) and 18.5 to 24.9 (p=0.027). Moreover, physiological subscale of SRH was significantly related to gender (M males= 88.96 Vs M females= 85.41, p=0.001) and monthly stipend (M income = 89.52 Vs M no-income = 87.28, p=0.040). On the other hand, physical activity of HPL was found to vary by gender (M males= 2.12 Vs M females=1.87, p=0.005) and alcohol consumption (M drinkers= 2.22 Vs M non-drinkers = 1.99, p=0.016). Nutrition differences of HPL were observed in BMI of 25 to 29.9 (M =2.40, p=0.028), internship students (M=2.15, p=0.027), and monthly income (M=2.11, p=0.029). The overall SRH was significantly correlated with the overall HPL (r=0.493, p<0.001). In-addition, students who had good and excellent HPL had self-rated themselves as almost five times (AOR=4.97, 95% CI: 1.28, 19.32), and were 3.73 times (AOR=3.73, 95% CI: 1.09, 12.80) healthier than those who had poor HPL, respectively.Conclusions: Based on our study, gender, BMI and monthly stipend play a major role in the SRH whereas gender, alcohol consumption, BMI, study year and monthly stipend play a major role in the HPL. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between SRH and HPL in this study. Therefore, our findings provide evidence that support the role of socio-cultural influences’ on SRH and HPL of medical students.

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Comparison of Self-Rated Health among Characteristic Groups of Vegetable Greenhouse Farmers Based on Exposure to Pesticide Residuals: A Latent Profile Analysis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/2518763 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Jiangping Li ◽

Honghui Li ◽

Shulan He ◽

Min Xue ◽

Danian Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Health Department ◽

Measurement Scale ◽

Local Health ◽

Health Measurement ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Latent Profile

Objective. The current study was aimed at using a latent profile analysis (LPA) model to classify greenhouse farmers into a potential cluster according to their exposure to pesticide residuals. Further, the association between self-rated health (SRH) and the cluster exposed to pesticide residual was explored. Methods. Four hundred sixty-four farmers from vegetable greenhouses were selected, their SRH information was gathered through questionnaires from the “Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS)” Version 1.0, and the corresponding pesticide residuals were detected in a laboratory. The linear mixed regression model was employed for association assessment. Results. Two latent clusters were extracted as samples, and the results showed that a high amount of pesticide residual accounted for poor physical health, but did not show statistical significance. In addition, an inverse significant association was observed between psychosocial symptoms and negative emotion and pesticide residual level. Furthermore, a diversity of significant relationship was observed in social health and its corresponding dimensions with latent cluster. Conclusions. LPA offers a holistic and parsimonious method to identify high-risk health clusters of greenhouse workers in various health aspects and allows for a personality-targeted intervention by a local health department.

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Mediating effect of health consciousness in the relationship of lifestyle and suboptimal health status: a cross-sectional study involving Chinese urban residents

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039701 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e039701

Author(s):

Yunlian Xue ◽

Guihao Liu ◽

Yefang Feng ◽

Mengyao Xu ◽

Lijie Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Measurement Scale ◽

Urban Residents ◽

Health Measurement ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Consciousness ◽

Suboptimal Health Status ◽

The Relationship ◽

Suboptimal Health

ObjectiveSuboptimal health status (SHS), a third state between good health and disease, can easily develop into chronic diseases, and can be influenced by lifestyle and health consciousness. No study has surveyed the intermediation of health consciousness on the relationship between lifestyle and SHS. This study aimed to analyse the association of lifestyle and SHS, and intermediation of health consciousness in Chinese urban residents.DesignA cross-sectional face-to-face survey using a four-stage stratified sampling method.ParticipantsWe investigated 5803 Chinese urban residents aged 18 years and over. We measured SHS using the Sub-Health Measurement Scale V1.0. We adopted a structural equation model to analyse relationships among lifestyle, health consciousness and SHS. We applied a bootstrapping method to estimate the mediation effect of health consciousness.ResultsLifestyle had stronger indirect associations with physical (β −0.185, 95% CI −0.228 to −0.149), mental (β −0.224, 95% CI −0.265 to −0.186) and social SHS (β −0.216, 95% CI −0.257 to −0.179) via health consciousness than direct associations of physical (β −0.144, 95% CI −0.209 to −0.081), mental (β −0.146, 95% CI −0.201 to −0.094) and social SHS (β −0.130, 95% CI −0.181 to −0.077). Health consciousness has a strong direct association with physical (β 0.360, 95% CI 0.295 to 0.427), mental (β 0.452, 95% CI 0.392 to 0.510) and social SHS (β 0.434, 95% CI 0.376 to 0.490). Ratio of mediating effect of health consciousness to direct effect of lifestyle with physical, mental and social SHS was 1.28, 1.53 and 1.66, respectively.ConclusionsHealth consciousness was more important in preventing physical, mental and social SHS than lifestyle. Therefore, it might be useful in changing unhealthy lifestyle and reducing the influence of poor lifestyle on physical, mental and social SHS.

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