scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of self-potential anomalies: Review of case studies from various SP applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lev V. Eppelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Point ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Polarization Vector ◽  
Magnetic Method ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Uneven Terrain ◽  
Direction Of Polarization ◽  
Self Potential

Abstract Self-potential (SP) method is one of the most non-expensive and unsophisticated geophysical methods. However, its application limits absence of reliable interpreting methodology, first for the complex geological-environmental conditions. The typical disturbances appearing in the SP method are discussed. To exclude these noise components before the quantitative analysis, some ways for their removing (elimination) are presented. Some brief review of the available interpretation methods is presented. For the magnetic method of geophysical prospecting, special quantitative procedures applicable under complex physical-geological environments (oblique polarization, uneven terrain relief and unknown level of the normal field), have been recently developed. Earlier detected common peculiarities between the magnetic and SP fields have been extended. These common aspects make it possible to apply the advanced procedures developed in magnetic prospecting to SP method. Besides the reliable determination of the depth of anomalous targets, these methodologies enable to calculate the corrections for non-horizontal SP observations and direction of polarization vector. For classification of SP-anomalies is proposed to use a new parameter – 'self-potential moment'. These quantitative procedures (improved modifications of characteristic point, tangent techniques and areal method) have been successfully tested on SP models and employed in real situations in mining, archaeological, environmental and technogenic geophysics. The obtained results indicate practical importance of the developed methodologies.

scholarly journals Review of Processing and Interpretation of Self-Potential Anomalies: Transfer of Methodologies Developed in Magnetic Prospecting

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Lev V. Eppelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Point ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Polarization Vector ◽  
The Self ◽  
Magnetic Method ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Uneven Terrain ◽  
Self Potential

The self-potential (SP) method is one of the most inexpensive and unsophisticated geophysical methods. However, its application is limited due to the absence of a reliable interpreting methodology for the complex geological-environmental conditions. To exclude disturbances appearing in the SP method, a few ways for their removal (elimination) before quantitative analysis are presented. A brief review of the available interpretation methods is included. For the magnetic method of geophysical prospecting, special quantitative procedures applicable under complex physical-geological environments (oblique polarization, uneven terrain relief and unknown level of the normal field), have been developed. The detected common peculiarities between the magnetic and SP fields make it possible to apply the advanced procedures developed in magnetic prospecting to the SP method. Besides the reliable determination of the depth of anomalous targets, these methodologies enable the calculation of the corrections for non-horizontal SP observations and to determine the orientation of the polarization vector. For the classification of SP anomalies, is proposed to use a new parameter: the ‘self-potential moment’. The quantitative procedures (improved modifications of characteristic point, tangent techniques and the areal method) including the determination of the SP vector and SP moment, have been successfully tested on models and employed in real situations in mining, archaeological, environmental and technogenic geophysics. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the presented methodologies.

scholarly journals Exploitation of HPLC Analytical Method for Simultaneous Determination of Six Principal Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Oviductus Ranae Based on Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Components by Single-Marker (QAMS)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Shihan Wang ◽  
Yuanshuai Gan ◽  
Hong Kan ◽  
Xinxin Mao ◽  
Yongsheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
External Standard Method ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Oviductus Ranae

As one of the featured products in northeast China, Oviductus Ranae has been widely used as a nutritious food, which contains a variety of bioactive unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). It is necessary to establish a scientific and reliable determination method of UFA contents in Oviductus Ranae. In this work, six principal UFAs in Oviductus Ranae, namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (ARA), linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA), were identified using UPLC-MS/MS. The UFAs identified in Oviductus Ranae were further separated based on the optimized RP-HPLC conditions. Quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) method was implemented in content determination of EPA, ALA, DHA, ARA and OA, where LA was used as the internal standard. The experiments based on Taguchi design verified the robustness of the QAMS method on different HPLC instruments and chromatographic columns. The QAMS and external standard method (ESM) were used to calculate the UFA content of 15 batches of Oviductus Ranae samples from different regions. The relative error (r < 0.73%) and cosine coefficient showed that the two methods obtained similar contents, and the method validations met the requirements. The results showed that QAMS can comprehensively and effectively control the quality of UFAs in Oviductus Ranae which provides new ideas and solutions for studying the active components in Oviductus Ranae.

Pengantar Geofisika

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syukri ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Magnetic Method ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Study Program ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Engineering Study ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory book on Geophysics was created to support teaching materials for basic subjects in the Geophysical Engineering Study Program, Physics Study Program, and related Study Programs in addition to other major books. This book introduces the basics of the earth and the structure of the earth, as well as the layers of the earth globally. Furthermore, it is also shown how the relationship between geophysics and other related branches of science within the sphere of geoscience. So that each scientific concept is clearly distinguished, although sometimes there is a very close relationship. In another section, various geophysical methods are described, starting from the basic theory, working principles, approaches and applications. All physical parameters that are applied from each discussion such as seismic method, geoelectric method and IP, gravity method, georadar method, and magnetic method. The hope is that this book can provide benefits for readers and enthusiasts of geoscience.

scholarly journals Fusion of Remote Sensing and Applied Geophysics for Sinkholes Identification in Tabular Middle Atlas of Morocco (the Causse of El Hajeb): Impact on the Protection of Water Resource

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Anselme Muzirafuti ◽  
Mustapha Boualoul ◽  
Giovanni Barreca ◽  
Abdelhamid Allaoui ◽  
Hmad Bouikbane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Middle Atlas ◽  
Karst Landforms ◽  
Water Springs ◽  
Self Potential

The Causse of El Hajeb belongs to the Tabular Middle Atlas (TMA), in which thousands of karst landforms have been identified. Among them, collapse dolines and dissolution sinkholes have been highlighted as a source of environmental risks and geo-hazards. In particular, such sinkholes have been linked to the degradation of water quality in water springs located in the junction of the TMA and Saïss basin. Furthermore, the developments of collapse dolines in agricultural and inhabited areas enhance the risk of life loss, injury, and property damage. Here, the lack of research on newly formed cavities has exacerbated the situation. The limited studies using remote sensing or geophysical methods to determine the degree of karstification and vulnerability of this environment fail to provide the spatial extent and depth location of individual karst cavities. In order to contribute to the effort of sinkhole risk reduction in TMA, we employed remote sensing and geophysical surveys to integrate electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and self-potential (SP) for subsurface characterization of four sinkholes identified in the Causse of El Hajeb. The results revealed the existence of sinkholes, both visible and non-accessible at the surface, in carbonate rocks. The sinkholes exhibited distinct morphologies, with depths reaching 35 m. Topography, geographic coordinates and land cover information extracted on remote sensing data demonstrated that these cavities were developed in depressions in which agricultural activities are regularly performed. The fusion of these methods benefits from remote sensing in geophysical surveys, particularly in acquisition, georeferencing, processing and interpretation of geophysical data. Furthermore, our proposed method allows identification of the protection perimeter required to minimize the risks posed by sinkholes.

Geophysical investigation of deep crustal structure of the Siberian Platform region

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.S. Surkov ◽  
V.I. Lotyshev
Keyword(s):  
Crustal Structure ◽  
Siberian Platform ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Crustal Thickness ◽  
Crystalline Basement ◽  
The West ◽  
Deep Crustal Structure

A sparse network of regional profiles developed in Siberia using deep seismic sounding methods (DSS) does not allow a valid three dimensional model of Siberian deep crustal structure to be constructed. To create such a model, interpretation methods of available geophysical and geological data are suggested. These are based on modelling of geological objects using potential fields. Information on DSS key profiles is considered to be key data.The results of such interpretation are shown in the crustal thickness map and in that of crystalline basement, as well as on a deep geological-geophysical profile across the West Siberian Plate and Siberian Platform. The crustal thickness in Siberia varies from 30 to 55 km. It is on average 4?6 km thicker on the Siberian Platform than the West Siberian Plate. The least crustal thickness of 30 to 33 km appears to be beneath regions with maximum thickness of Mesozoic deposits. Modern and Early Mesozoic rift zones are characterized by decreased crustal thickness of 36?39 km. Ancient shields of the Siberian Platform and adjacent folded mountain units are up to 45?55 km thick.The geometry of the top of crystalline basement in the young West Siberian Plate is sharply different from that of the ancient Siberian Platform. Within the West Siberian Plate structural features with 5 to 11 km of relief dominate, while on the Siberian Platform the structural relief varies from 2?3 to 14 km.The peculiarities of deep crustal structure have greatly influenced the formation and distribution of sedimentary units. The constructed section shows the depths and thicknesses of the Riphean, Vendian?Silurian, Devonian?Middle Triassic and Mesozoic?Cenozoic megacomplexes, most promising for oil and gas in Siberia. Data obtained on the deep structure of Siberian Platform regions are thus of great practical importance. They can be used to predict areas of petroleum potential and determine optimal trends of further oil and gas exploration by geophysical methods.

The self‐potential method in the geothermal exploration of Greece

Geophysics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1715-1723 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Apostolopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Louis ◽  
Evangelos Lagios
Keyword(s):  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Geothermal Exploration ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Tectonic Features ◽  
Self Potential

Self‐potential (SP) anomalies are generated by flows of fluid, heat, and ions in the earth. SP investigations have been used to locate and delineate sources associated with such flows in three areas of geothermal interest in Greece—Lesvos Island, Loutra Hypatis (central Greece), and Nisyros Island. A combination of geophysical methods, with SP being the primary method, has been applied in these areas. The SP method is adversely influenced by various sources of noise. Field procedures have been suggested to minimize their effects by monitoring electrode polarization and telluric activity. The interpretation of SP contour maps is preferred to using profile data. A procedure was adopted for SP interpretation, and the results were satisfactory. However, this model is based on thermoelectric sources only and is not related directly to hot fluid movement. In all three survey areas, the geothermal zones delimited by the SP interpretation in combination with data acquired by other geophysical methods result in an integrated interpretation of the geothermal system. Since SP and very‐low‐frequency (VLF) anomalies can be generated by the same geological source (i.e., geothermal, highly conductive zone), the corresponding results are compared to provide a strong indication of the presence of geothermal zones. The activity of geothermal zones affects the conductivity of the surrounding medium, which also can be detected by dc resistivity and audio‐magnetotelluric (AMT) methods. In addition, geothermal zones can be related to various interfaces or tectonic features that can be detected by gravity or seismic methods.

scholarly journals 5-7 Year Old Children's Conceptions of Behaving Artifacts and the Influence of Constructing Their Behavior on the Development of Theory of Mind (ToM) and Theory of Artificial Mind (ToAM)

10.28945/2332 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 329-345
Author(s):  
Karen Spektor-Precel ◽  
David Mioduser
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Metacognitive Development ◽  
Children’S Conceptions

Nowadays, we are surrounded by artifacts that are capable of adaptive behavior, such as electric pots, boiler timers, automatic doors, and robots. The literature concerning human beings’ conceptions of “traditional” artifacts is vast, however, little is known about our conceptions of behaving artifacts, nor of the influence of the interaction with such artifacts on cognitive development, especially among children. Since these artifacts are provided with an artificial “mind,” it is of interest to assess whether and how children develop a Theory of Artificial Mind (ToAM) which is distinct from their Theory of Mind (ToM). The study examined a new theoretical scheme named ToAM (Theory of Artificial Mind) by means of qualitative and quantitative methodology among twenty four 5-7 year old children from central Israel. It also examined the effects of interacting with behaving artifacts (constructing versus observing the robot’s behavior) using the “RoboGan” interface on children’s development of ToAM and their ToM and looked for conceptions that evolve among children while interacting with behaving artifacts which are indicative of the acquisition of ToAM. In the quantitative analysis it was found that the interaction with behaving artifacts, whether as observers or constructors and for both age groups, brought into awareness children’s ToM as well as influenced their ability to understand that robots can behave independently and based on external and environmental conditions. In the qualitative analysis it was found that participating in the intervention influenced the children’s ToAM for both constructors and for the younger observer. Engaging in building the robot’s behavior influenced the children’s ability to explain several of the robots’ behaviors, their understanding of the robot’s script-based behavior and rule-based behavior and the children’s metacognitive development. The theoretical and practical importance of the study is discussed.

scholarly journals PGE Prospecting Features by Results of SP and Geoelectrochemistry Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metals ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Field Works ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
Self Potential

Platinum-group elements (PGE) prospecting can be carried out with use of geochemical or geophysical methods. Geochemical methods can study objects located at the surface only, and geophysical methods are not always effective because of too low concentrations of PGE in the host rocks do not change the ores physical properties. Geoelectrochemical methods are suitable for deep-lying ores prospecting. Problem of movable forms creation of passive PGE can be fixed takin into account natural electrical processes. It is shown by laboratory experiment and tested during field works. Laboratory data confirmed the influence of electric current on the transition of PGE dozens presents in the dissolved form. The complex geophysical and geoelectrochemical surveys was carried out on the territory of Aganozerskiy (South Karelia), Svetloborskiy and Kachkanar (Middle Urals) massifs containing PGE mineralization. Preconditions for the creation of self-potential (SP) anomalies of redox nature are allocated within these massifs and characteristics of self-potential anomalies are investigated. SP sources are prerequisite for the mobile PGE forms halos creation if they are close to platinum mineralization zones. Moving up in the jet halos by natural ionic flotation mechanism and capillary rise in a circle of meteoric water evaporation and seepage can form zones of elevated concentrations of PGE secondary fixed forms near the surface, which can be detected by different geoelectrochemical methods. It can be concluded that geoelectrochemical methods are not always effective, but in the presence of sources of SP in a geological environment. The interpretation of the geoelectrochemistry anomaly for noble metals should take into account the effect of activators of the mobile forms formation.

scholarly journals Interpretasi Bawah Permukaan Daerah Penambangan Batuan Andesit Awang Bangkal Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan Menggunakan Metode Magnetik

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Ayi Nurhidayah ◽  
Sri Cahyo Wahyono ◽  
Simon Sadok Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Magnetic Method ◽  
Contour Map ◽  
Total Magnetic Field ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative Interpretation ◽  
The Earth

This research has been done in the mining area of andesite rock of Awang Bangkal village by using magnetic method. Magnetic method is one of the most common geophysical methods used for preliminary surveys on petroleum, earth, and mineral rock exploration. It is intended to determine the subsurface distribution in the area by performing qualitative and quantitative interpretations based on the magnetism value of the earth. The result of data processing using geosoft oasis montaj software shows that the total magnetic field anomaly is -807,3 to -361,7 nT. Qualitative interpretation is done by looking at the contour map of the anomaly, the result of upward continuation and the reduction to the poles. While the interpretation is done by making a modeling of the path that has been determined using mag2dc software. The model shows that the rocks that dominate the area are andesite rocks with their susceptibility value of 0.0992 to 0.2305 in SI units.

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