scholarly journals The Effectiveness of a Balanced Salt Solution on Dry Eyes in Comatose Patients: A Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengameh sadeghi-hasanvand ◽  
Parastou Kordestani-Moghadam ◽  
Farnoosh irandoost ◽  
Seyed hadi ali ◽  
Tahereh Toulabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artificial Tears ◽  
Dry Eyes ◽  
Schirmer’S Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Breakup Time

Abstract Objective: Dry eye is one of the complications of hospitalization in ICUs. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of a Balanced Salt Solution (BSS) on dry eyes in comatose patients. This clinical trial was conducted in 2019 on 34 patients admitted to the ICUs. The control group received sterile eye ointment with artificial tears (2 drops every 6 hours) and a tape over the eye. The trial group also received BSS (2 drops every 6 hours) in the opposite eye over five days. The patients' dry eye was examined on first day and sixth day of the study using Schirmer’s Test (ST) and the Tear Breakup Time Test (TBUT). The data were analyzed in SPSS-21.Results: The results of the paired T-test based on ST and TBUT showed no significant change from first day one to sixth day in the BSS-receiving group (P>0.999 and P=0.187, respectively). Furthermore, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in the mean score of dry eye after eliminating the effect of the demographic and clinical variables (P=0.947). The administration of this solution by nurses seems to be an effective method for preventing the progression of dry eye in ICU patients.

scholarly journals Effect of artificial tears on aqueous deficient dry eye, a dynamic optical study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wei ◽  
Yuandong Su ◽  
Guanyu Su ◽  
Christophe Baudouin ◽  
Antoine Labbé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Artificial Tears ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Objective Scatter Index

Abstract Background: To investigate the change of dynamic optical quality in aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE) patients after the use of artificial tears.Methods: Fifty-nine patients with ADDE and 31 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in this prospective case-control study. Clinical evaluation of the ocular surface included Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear film break-up time (TBUT), lipid layer thickness (LLT), and Schirmer I testing. ADDE patients were divided into two groups, mild (31 patients) and severe (28 patients). The optical quality of the tear film was measured with the Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS) using the mean objective scatter index (mean OSI), standard deviation of objective scatter index (SD-OSI) and modulation transfer function cut-off (MTF cut-off). After baseline examinations, one drop of artificial tears (ATs, carboxymethylcellulose ophthalmic solution, 0.5%) was instilled in both eyes, and optical quality parameters were measured again at 5- and 30-minutes following application of ATs.Results: At baseline, the mean OSI was higher in the ADDE group (0.95 ± 0.54) than in controls (0.54 ± 0.23, P<0.001). The SD-OSI was also significantly increased in ADDE patients (0.44 ± 0.71) compared to control subjects (0.12 ± 0.06, P=0.003). Five minutes after ATs instillation, mean OSI and SD-OSI decreased significantly in severe ADDE patients (P=0.044; P=0.018), was unchanged in mild ADDE patients, and increased in the control group (P=0.019; P<0.001). Thirty minutes after ATs instillation, no significant difference in optical quality parameters was observed for the three groups.Conclusion: The effect of ATs on optical quality in patients with ADDE may differ according to the severity of the disease. Measurement of optical quality might be a promising tool to evaluate the effects of various ATs and possibly individualize treatment in ADDE patients.

Comparative analysis of incidence of dry eye syndrome after ReLEx SMILE and FemtoLASIK keratorefractive surgeries

2021 ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
A.D. Pilipenko ◽  
◽  
R.A. Burya ◽  
A.V. Romanova ◽  
E.L. Sorokin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Photorefractive Effect ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Breakup Time

The main factor in pathogenesis of postoperative dry eye syndrome (DES) is damage to subbasal nerve plexus and stromal nerve endings. Taking into account the different principles of photorefractive effect on cornea of FemtoLASIK and ReLEx SMILE technologies, we decided on our own clinical experience to evaluate incidence of this undesirable complication. Purpose. Comparative study of frequency and timing of relief of postoperative DES after FemtoLASIK and ReLEx SMILE in patients with myopia. Material and methods. The study involved 32 patients (64 eyes) with varying degrees of myopia. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st group - 17 patients (34 eyes) after FemtoLASIK surgery, 2nd group - 15 people (30 eyes) after ReLEx SMILE procedure. Control group consist of 15 patients with comparable myopia who had not undergone refractive surgery was also observed. Patients underwent an assessment of the OSDI index, Norn and Schirmer tests, as well as degree of staining of anterior ocular surface 1, 6 and 12 months after refractive surgery. Results. There was statistically significant difference in total tear production, in tear breakup time (TBUT) and in the OSDI index between study groups 1 month after surgery in favor of ReLEx SMILE procedure. After 6 months, TBUT after FemtoLASIK significantly differed from control values. 12 months after surgery, studied parameters did not differ significantly from control. Conclusion. According to our datas, ReLEx SMILE procedure has lower negative effect on ocular surface compared to FemtoLASIK technique, which is manifested by less pronounced subjective symptoms of DES, as well as their faster relief. Key words: dry eye syndrome, ReLEx SMILE, FemtoLASIK.

scholarly journals Assessment of tear secretion and tear film instability in cases with pterygium and normal subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayani Roka ◽  
SP Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tear Secretion ◽  
Schirmer’S Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Dry eye is a common disorder affecting a significant percentage of the population. Materials and methods: This study is a prospective, hospital-based, case-controlled study conducted between January 2009 and May 2010. Seventy-six pterygium cases and 152 age-and- sex matched controls presenting to the OPD of Manipal Teaching Hospital were included. The TBUT Schirmer’s test and basal tear secretion were estimated in all patients. A TBUT of less than 10 seconds and a Schirmer’s test of less than 10 mm were considered abnormal. Results: Pterygium was bilateral in 15 (19.7 % ) and unilateral in 61 (80.3 %) patients. Ninety-two (92.1 %) pterygium patients reported either one or more of the six dry eye symptoms. Redness was the most common (67 %) symptom reported. The mean Schirmer’s test I, mean basal secretion and mean TBUT values were 16.19 mm, 10.01 mm and 10.56 seconds in pterygium cases and 20.22 mm,13.25 mm and 26.25 seconds in the control group respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the dry eye results between the pterygium cases and the control group (p value < 0.05). The odds ratio between pterygium and dry eye was 3.28. Dry eye was present in 26 % of the normal patients and in 54 % of the pterygium cases. Conclusion: There is a strong relationship between dry eye and pterygium. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2013; 5(9):16-23 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v5i1.7816

A Clinical Study of Acupuncture and SSP (Silver Spike Point) Electro-therapy for Dry Eye Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Lieh Tseng ◽  
Hsu-Jan Liu ◽  
Kam-Yuen Tso ◽  
Lin-Chung Woung ◽  
Yi-Chang Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artificial Tears ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right

The present study was designed as a clinical trial to assess the efficacy of acupuncture and silver spike point (SSP) electro-therapy on dry eye syndrome. A total of 43 dry eye syndrome patients participated in the present study. Subjects were divided into control, acupuncture and SSP electro-therapy groups. The three groups were all given artificial tears treatment. Patients in the treatment groups were given two 20-minute treatments of either acupuncture or SSP. Assessment was carried out using the Basal Schirmer test, tear break-up time (BUT), visual analog scale (VAS) and an overall score of eye condition. After four weeks of treatment, both the acupuncture and SSP treatment groups showed improvements over the control group, in Schirmer tests of the left eye and average tearing of both eyes. After 8 weeks of treatment, both treatment groups showed improvements over the control group both in Schirmer tests and VAS. For the right eye, treatment groups showed significant improvements in Schirmer test and VAS versus the control group averages for both eyes. There was no significant difference in BUT at any time. Comparing scores before and after treatment, the acupuncture and SSP groups showed a significant improvement compared to the control group. The acupuncture group showed a greater 8-week improvement in Schirmer tests scores compared to the SSP group. However, the SSP group patients used fewer applications of artificial tears. Acupuncture and SSP electro-therapy were effective in increasing tear secretion in patients with dry eye syndrome. The SSP electro-therapy not only alleviated dry eye syndrome, but also reduced the number of applications of artificial tears necessary.

scholarly journals Xerosis meter-an electro-physiological device for quick screening of dry eyes

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Gupta ◽  
M Gupta ◽  
R Maheshwari ◽  
T Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Schirmer’S Test ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Group Ii

Aim: To study the role of ‘Xerosis Meter' in screening of dry eye cases in a large population and compare its results with Schirmer's test and tear break-up time. Materials and method: In a cross sectional study with a control group dry eye was evaluated with Xerosis Meter, Schirmer test and tear film break-up time (TBUT). Cases included in the study were divided into two groups. Group I (Control Group) comprised of asymptomatic patients while Group II (Test Group) had patients showing symptoms and signs of dry eye. The Group II was further divided into two subgroups. Group IIa had cases showing positive result with either of the two tests Schirmer test or TBUT. Group IIb had cases which showed positive results with Xerosis Meter but normal results with the other two tests. Statistics: All the observations were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 11.5 software. The results obtained were compared statistically using unpaired t-test and chi-square test. The p value of < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the means of Xerosis Meter, Schirmer test and TBUT of the two groups: Group I and Group IIa (p value < 0.001). On comparing Group I and Group IIb the difference was found to be statistically significant with Xerosis Meter (p value < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of Xerosis Meter were 85.7% and 80.2% respectively. This was higher than that of the Schirmer's test (81.3% and 74.9%) and TBUT (73.2% and 68.7%). Conclusion: The "Xerosis Meter" is an effective alternate in screening of dry eye cases. It is more effective than the TBUT and as effective as the Schirmer's test in detecting both the normal and dry eye patients. DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v1i2.3687 Nep J Oph 2009;1(2):123-128

scholarly journals Clinical correlation between dry eye and pterygium: a study done at government medical college Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, North India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3087
Author(s):  
Angli Manhas ◽  
Dinesh Gupta ◽  
Aditi Gupta ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Rameshwar S. Manhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
North India ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Tear Secretion ◽  
Schirmer’S Test ◽  
Staining Score ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: To study the prevalence of dry eye among the patients of pterygium and to find the clinical correlation between dry eye and pterygium.Methods: The study was conducted at postgraduate department of Ophthalmology of GMC Jammu over a period of one year. 90 pterygium patients and 180 age and sex matched controls presenting to the eye OPD of GMC Jammu were included in the study. The TBUT, Schirmer’s test, basal tear secretion and Rose Bengal staining score were estimated in all patients. A TBUT of less than 10 seconds, a Schirmer’s test of less than 10mm, basal tear secretion of less than 10mm, Rose Bengal staining score of more than 3 were considered abnormal.Results: Redness 57 (63.33%) was the most frequently occurring symptom in pterygium patients followed by cosmosis 49 (54.44%). The mean TBUT, mean Schirmer’s, mean basal secretion and mean Rose Bengal staining score values were 9.88±3.39 seconds, 13.17±4.57mm, 10.11±4.81mm and 3.27±1.85 in pterygium patients and 14.22±3.99 seconds, 16.40±5.21mm, 12.19±5.05mm and 2.49±1.86 in the control group respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the dry eye results between the pterygium patients and control groups (p<0.001). The odd’s ratio between dry eye and pterygium was 3.83, dry eye was present in 53 pterygium patients.Conclusions: The prevalence of dry eye in pterygium patients was 58.89% which suggests that there is a strong positive clinical correlation between dry eye and pterygium.

scholarly journals A comparison of the occurence of dry eye between arthritic and non-arthritic subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Oghre ◽  
O. M. Amiebenomo
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
T Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eye Symptoms ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Breakup Time

Various studies have reported that dry eye is a common occurrence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis but not much has been done to determine its occurrence in other forms of arthritis. Thisstudy was designed to compare the symptoms of dry eye, tear film breakup time and tear production respectively in arthritic and non-arthritic subjects and also between rheumatoid arthritic patients and patients with other forms of arthritis. A total of 106 subjects within the age range of 41-90 years were included. Fifty-nine were non-arthritic with mean age and standard deviation (SD) of 58.2 ± 11.9 years, while 47 had arthritis with mean age and SD of 63.4 ± 13.3 years. Of the 47 arthritic patients 34 had osteoarthritis, 10 had rheumatoid arthritis, two had ankylosing spondylitis and one had gout. Subjects were evaluated using a McMonnies and Ho Dry Eye Questionnaire, invasive tear break-up-time test, Schirmer I test and fluorescein staining. The percentage of subjects with dry eyesymptoms in both the arthritic and non-arthritic groups was quite small (<10%) however, there was a statistically significant difference in dry eye symptoms between both groups (Mann-Whitney: U = 1035.5, p = 0.025) even though both groups were largely asymptomatic. There was no significant difference in tear breakup time (Mann-Whitney:  U = 175,  p  > 0.05), or tear quantity respectively (Unpaired  t-test: p > 0.05) between both groups. Also, there was no statistically significant difference in symptoms of dry eye, tear break up time, or tear quantity respectively between rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of arthritis (Unpaired t-test: p > 0.05). In conclusion, the occurrence of dry eye is largely independent of the presence of arthritis even though arthritic subjects may be slightly more symptomatic and the presence of dry eye is independent of the form of arthritis.  (S Afr Optom 2013 72(1) 34-40)

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dry Eye after Implantable Collamer Lens Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiting Chen ◽  
Xueyan Feng ◽  
Guangzeng Niu ◽  
Yuxiang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Implantable Collamer Lens ◽  
Lens Surgery ◽  
Breakup Time

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To evaluate dry eye (DE) and associated meibomian gland dysfunction parameters after Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) surgery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a prospective observational case series. Patients who underwent ICL implantation without previous ocular diseases or ophthalmic treatments were enrolled. Their Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), noninvasive breakup time (NIBUT), meibography, slit-lamp examination of the lid margin, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and Schirmer test I were examined preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 117 eyes of 60 patients were enrolled, and 107 eyes completed 3-month follow-up period. OSDI, lid marginal abnormality, and meibomian gland (MG) secretion, and meibum quality score were significantly higher at 1 month postoperatively and recovered partially at 3 months after surgeries, while NIBUT was significantly decreased all the time. Patients with previous DE symptoms (OSDI score ≥12) showed not only lower Schirmer and TBUT values but also higher CFS, lid margin score, MG loss, MG secretion, and meibum quality scores compared with those in the control group after operations. Low Schirmer, NIBUT values, and high meibum quality score were determined as risk factors for DE symptoms after ICL surgery. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> ICL implantation has a bad influence on the ocular surface and MG functions. The influence may be more obvious in patients with existing DE.

The Baby Shark (Songs Heard Affecting Resuscitation Kinetics) study

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjstel-2020-000657
Author(s):  
Rebecca Singer ◽  
Grace Leo ◽  
Tessa Davis ◽  
Ben Lawton ◽  
Henry Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Target Zone ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
And Control ◽  
Musical Cues

Previous research has examined the utilisation of musical cues to improve the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) delivered in training environments. We postulated a musical cue that is both contemporary and transcends cultures may improve CPR performance. Our aim was to establish whether chest compressions are performed with improved rate and depth if a song of a fixed beat (PinkFong’s ‘Baby Shark’ with a tempo of 115 beats per minute (bpm) and 15 beats in each verse) is played to a healthcare professional immediately before undertaking CPR compared to whale noises (a non-metronomic rhythm). 58 Participants of a paediatric conference (majority doctors) were randomly assigned to listen to a minute of Baby Shark (28) or whale song (30) and then undertake a minute of CPR. There was no significant difference in the mean compression rate between the Baby Shark and control groups, with the groups achieving 121 and 125 bpm, respectively (p=0.18). In relation to compression depth within the target zone, the Baby Shark group had more compressions completed within the target zone (55%) than the control group (39%) although this difference was not significant (p=0.08). Listening to Baby Shark prior to undertaking simulated CPR does not improve overall performance, but there is a potential tendency to improve adequate compression depth which may be beneficial in training exercises.

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