scholarly journals Biosurfactant Production by Marine Actinomycetes Isolates Streptomyces Althioticus RG3 and Streptomyces Californicus RG8 as a Promising Source of Antimicrobial and Antifouling Effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Al-agamy ◽  
Moaz M Hamed ◽  
Mohammad R Alhuzani ◽  
Asmaa M Youssif
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gulf Of Suez ◽  
Marine Actinomycetes ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Metabolites Production ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Promising Source

Abstract Background: Because of the ability of their bioactive metabolites production, many researchers were attracted to investigate and isolating marine actinomycetes from unique location with a unique environment. Information on antimicrobial activity and antifouling agents by Streptomyces sp. from the Ras Garib area, Gulf of Suez, Egypt is limited. One of the metabolites produced by the actinomycetes was biosurfactant. This paper describes the possibility of marine actinomycetes isolates for the production of biosurfactants, In addition to the possibility of using it as antimicrobial and antifouling agents.Results: Marine actinobacterial isolates RG3 and RG8 had emulsification indexes of 76 and 68%, respectively. The two marine actinobacterial isolates were identified using 16srDNA as Streptomyces althioticus RG3 and Streptomyces californicus RG8, and submitted in the database of genetic information with accession number MW661230 and MW661234, respectively. Biosurfactants were stable at 10% NaCl, in case of Streptomyces althioticus RG3 and stable at 10%–15% NaCl in the case of Streptomyces californicus RG8. A temperature of 35℃ was suitable for the stability of biosurfactants produced by both strains. Both strains produced the most biosurfactant when exposed to alkaline conditions. We characterized the biosurfactants produced by both strains including features such as the chemical composition of the biosurfactants and FTIR analysis. The antimicrobial activity of biosurfactants extract evaluated using a well diffusion method against Vibrio alginolyticus MK170250, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 4027, and Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923. Streptomyces althioticus RG3 biosurfactants have been shown to have better antimicrobial activity than Streptomyces californicus RG8, indicating that they may be used in pharmaceutical industries and in the manufacture of antifouling products.Conclusions: Streptomyces althioticus RG3 and Streptomyces californicus RG8, isolated from Ras Garib, Gulf of Suez, Egypt, were able to develop very stable biosurfactants under stress conditions, which could be useful in a variety of industries such as pharmaceuticals and antifouling manufacturing.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and antitumor activities of the red propolis Alagoas

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. G. Silva ◽  
T. M. S. Matias ◽  
L. I. O. Souza ◽  
T. J. Matos-Rocha ◽  
S. A. Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Method

Abstract The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, antioxidant, toxicity and phytochemical screening of the Red Propolis Alagoas. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion method. Determination of antioxidant activity was performed using the DPPH assay (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FTC (ferric thiocyanate) and determination of phenolic compounds by Follin method. Toxicity was performed by the method of Artemia salina and cytotoxicity by MTT method. The phytochemical screening for the detection of allelochemicals was performed. The ethanol extract of propolis of Alagoas showed significant results for antimicrobial activity, and inhibitory activity for Staphylococcus aureus and Candida krusei. The antioxidant activity of the FTC method was 80% to 108.3% hydrogen peroxide kidnapping, the DPPH method showed an EC50 3.97 mg/mL, the content of total phenolic compounds was determined by calibration curve gallic acid, resulting from 0.0005 mg/100 g of gallic acid equivalent. The extract was non-toxic by A. salina method. The propolis extract showed high activity with a higher percentage than 75% inhibition of tumor cells OVCAR-8, SF-295 and HCT116. Chemical constituents were observed as flavonones, xanthones, flavonols, and Chalcones Auronas, Catechins and leucoanthocyanidins. It is concluded that the extract can be tested is considered a potential source of bioactive metabolites.

scholarly journals Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a Halophyte from the Asturian Coast (Spain): Limonium binervosum (G.E.Sm.) C.E.Salmon

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1852
Author(s):  
Eva Sánchez-Hernández ◽  
Laura Buzón-Durán ◽  
Natalia Langa-Lomba ◽  
José Casanova-Gascón ◽  
Belén Lorenzo-Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Diplodia Seriata ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Sea Lavender ◽  
Xylophilus Ampelinus ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Promising Source

The work presented herein deals with the characterization and valorization of a halophyte from the cliffs of the Asturian coast: Limonium binervosum (G.E.Sm.) C.E.Salmon (rock sea-lavender). Its biomass and hydromethanolic extracts were studied by elemental and thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. Tetradecanoic acid/esters and 1,2-tetradecanediol were identified in its flower extract, while the leaf extract was rich in linolenic and linoleic acids and their esters, hexadecanoic acid and its esters, and phytol. Both flower and leaf hydromethanolic extracts contained eicosane, sitosterol and tocopherols in significant amounts. With a view to its valorization, the antimicrobial activity of these extracts was investigated against three apple tree and grapevine phytopathogens. Both the hydroalcoholic extracts and their main constituents, alone or in combination with chitosan oligomers (COS), were tested in vitro. A remarkable antibacterial activity was observed for the conjugated complexes of the flower extract with COS, both against Xylophilus ampelinus (MIC = 250 μg·mL−1) and Erwinia amylovora (MIC = 500 μg·mL−1), and complete inhibition of the mycelial growth of Diplodia seriata was found at concentrations <1000 μg·mL−1. In view of these results, this extremophile plant can be put forward as a promising source of bioactive metabolites.

Effects of DMSO Content on the Optical Properties, Liquid Stability, and Antimicrobial Activity of Fe3O4/OA/DMSO Ferrofluids

NANO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 2050067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosy Eko Saputro ◽  
Ahmad Taufiq ◽  
Sunaryono ◽  
Nurul Hidayat ◽  
Arif Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Sonochemical Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Excellent Stability

Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized through a sonochemical method and were subsequently investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which showed that the phase obtained was Fe3O4 with the most intense peak at 2[Formula: see text] of 35.5∘. The particle size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was 11.4[Formula: see text]nm. The dried ferrofluids containing Fe3O4 as a filler, oleic acid (OA) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as surfactants tended to be amorphous. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles revealed agglomeration, and the dried ferrofluids morphology showed excellent dispersion. The constituent elements of both the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the Fe3O4/OA/DMSO ferrofluids were identified through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to be Fe, O and C. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) investigation revealed functional groups of the Fe3O4/OA/DMSO ferrofluids constituent Fe3O4 as the filler, OA and DMSO as surfactants, and olive oil as a dispersant. The absorbance of the samples was characterized by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, and the results were used to calculate the energy gap of the Fe3O4/OA/DMSO ferrofluids ranged from 2.20[Formula: see text]eV to 2.45[Formula: see text]eV. Through the absorbance measurements, the optical properties of Fe3O4/OA/DMSO ferrofluids were evaluated on the basis of their refractive indices, which ranged from 2.86 to 3.02. The stability of the Fe3O4/OA/DMSO ferrofluids was characterized by transmittance data collected for 12[Formula: see text]h, and excellent stability was obtained, as indicated by a relatively stable transmittance. Last, the antimicrobial activity of the Fe3O4/OA/DMSO ferrofluids was assessed through the diffusion method; the results showed that increasing DMSO volume resulted in greater ferrofluid antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals POTENT BIOACTIVE METABOLITES OF CASUARINA JUNGHUHNIANA MIQ. ROOTS–A THERAPEUTIC APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Chathurdevi G. ◽  
S. Umagowrie
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Promising Source

Objective: Casuarina junghuhniana Miq. is a multipurpose tree, belongs to the family Casuarinaceae. It has a symbiotic association with actinomycete Frankia which makes the tree to grow vigorously on varied environmental conditions. Not much work has been documented on secondary metabolites and therapeutic approach of this species in India. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to explore the potential phytochemicals in the root extracts and its therapeutic values.Methods: Casuarina junghuhniana root samples were collected from the State Forest Research Institute, Kolappakam, Chennai. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals screening were carried out using standard procedures. Antibacterial assay was tested against different pathogens using well diffusion method. Antioxidant activity was carried out using reducing power, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging methods. The anti-inflammatory assay was tested using protein denaturation method. Further, the phytochemicals in the root extract were evaluated using GC-MS studies. The functional role of the phytoconstituent was confirmed by docking against the target using mcule software.Results: The qualitative screening revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents. The quantitative analysis revealed the presence of maximum phenols (68.95±0.46 mg/g), flavonoids (34.15±0.33 mg/g) and terpenoids (3.9%) in methanolic root extract with respective standards. Antibacterial activity showed a maximum zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis (19±0.2 mm) followed by Staphylococcus sp (14±0.3 mm). The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity was compared with standard ascorbic acid and the extract showed activities in a dose-dependent manner. Several peaks were obtained in the GC-MS analysis which indicates the presence of different secondary metabolites. The specific phytocompound showed prominent binding affinity against the target enzyme in docking studies.Conclusion: The presence of potent phytochemicals in the Casuarina junghuhniana root with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities could be used as a promising source for developing novel plant-based therapeutic agents. 

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF BIOACTIVE METABOLITES FROM THE ROOT ENDOPHYTE ISOLATED FROM CASUARINA JUNGHUHNIANA Miq.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Uma Gowrie ◽  
Priyom Bose
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Root Endophyte ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Promising Source

Objective: Casuarina junghuhniana Miq is a well known multipurpose tree belonging to family Casuarinaceae. This tree has the ability to sustain in different edaphic and extreme environmental conditions. The root extract of this tree is a rich source of potential secondary metabolites. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to isolate fungal root endophyte from this tree and to determine its bioactive compound which can be utilized in agriculture and pharmaceutical industries.Methods: Casuarina junghuhniana Miq root samples were collected from the State Forestry Research Institute, Neyveli, Tamil Nadu. Isolation of fungal endophyte was carried out using Potato Dextrose Agar medium. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals screening and enzyme assays were carried out using standard procedures. Antimicrobial assay was tested against different pathogens using well diffusion method. Further, the phytochemicals in the root extract was evaluated using FTIR, HPLC and GC MS studies.Result: Among the isolated endophytes, the dominant isolate (CJN5) was identified as Aspergillus sp which showed positive result in the production of industrially important enzymes, namely, cellulase, lipase and amylase The qualitative screening revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents Total phenolic content of CFE (208.20±2 mg/g) was found higher than CME(165.5±3mg/g). The total flavonoid content of CFE (25.95±2 mg/g) was also found higher than CME (3.59±2 mg/g) using respective standards. Antimicrobial activity showed maximum zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacterial pathogen) (24±0.1cm) and Fusarium oxysporum (fungal phytopathogen) (34 ± 0.2cm).FTIR analysis showed the presence of varied functional groups. HPLC study revealed the presence of Gallic acid acid and Salicylic acid. Several peaks were obtained in GCMS analysis which indicates the presence of different secondary metabolites.Conclusion: Aspergillus sp, isolated from the root of Casuarina junghuhniana Miq is a promising source of bioactive compounds which can be utilised in agriculture and pharmaceutical industries.Key words: endophyte, Casuarina junghuhniana, phytochemical, antimicrobial, HPLC, GC MS

scholarly journals Novel Amides Derivative with Antimicrobial Activity of Piper betle var. nigra Leaves from Indonesia

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Fajar Prasetya ◽  
Supriatno Salam ◽  
Agung Rahmadani ◽  
Kansy Haikal ◽  
Lizma Febrina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Yeast Suspension ◽  
Pathogenic Yeast ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogenic ◽  
Promising Source

Piper betle var. nigra is a tropical plant closely related to the common piper. P. betle has also been dubbed a promising source of natural antioxidants in herbal health products, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, cytotoxic activity against the cancer cell lines K562 and HL-60, and antileishmanial. The aim of this study to observation Antimicrobial activity and isolation of chemical compound. The antimicrobial activity of P. betle extract was performed by well diffusion method against two oral pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis) and opportunistic pathogenic yeast (Candida albicans). The inoculum (bacterial and yeast suspension) was prepared from a 24-h culture on NB for bacterial suspension and on TSB for yeast suspension. Extraction and isolation using various method of chromatography. Isolated compounds were characterized by spectroscopic means. Our study showed antimicrobial activity from crude ethanol extract of leaves P. betle L. var. nigra against two oral pathogenic bacteria and opportunistic pathogenic yeast with concentration 0.5% and 1%. The first report of two new amides derivatives, piperenamide A (1) and piperenamide B (2) in P. betle L. var. nigra.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity and Chemical Constituents of the Freshwater Microalga Oscillatoria princeps

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 961-977
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Hepg2 Cell ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diethyl Ether Extract ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Promising Source

The microalgae Oscillatoria sp. are promising sources of bioactive metabolites used in both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. The main objective of present study is to determine the antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and chemical profile of Oscillatoria princeps r extracts and its fractions. O. princeps extracts were prepared by successive extraction method, and chemical constituents were identified using GC-MS. Diethyl ether extract (DEE) had antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms and the highest inhibition zones 20.7 and 20.2 mm was observed against P. aeruginosa and A. flavus, respectively. Also, DEE showed an anticancer activity with IC50 values of 35.18, 46.6, and 79.18 µg ml-1 against breast cancer (MCF7), colon cancer (HCT116), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HePG2) cell lines, respectively. By DEE fractionation, fraction F7 showed the highest antimicrobial activity followed by fraction F4 with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged between 0.5 and 1.9 mg ml-1. Fraction F4 recorded anticancer activity against HCT116, MCF7, and HePG2 with IC50 of 22.62, 24.43, and 102.52 µg ml-1, respectively. While fraction F7 had anticancer activity against HCT116 and MCF7 without any effect on the HePG2 cell line. GC-MS analysis of fractions F4 and F7 represented that the main compounds responsible for the bioactivity were Pentadeconic acid,4-hexadecyl ester, and 9-Octadecenoic acid in F4, while the main compounds in F7 were Quercetin 7,3',4'-trimethoxy and Methyl tetradecanoate. The study concluded that O. princeps DEE extract and fractions had a sufficient amount of bioactive compounds that possess antimicrobial and anticancer activity, which could be a promising source for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical ingredients.

scholarly journals Herbal mouthwash formulated with the leaf extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) exhibited in vitro antimicrobial activity against selected oral pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Abel Olusola Idowu ◽  
Nwamaka Henrietta Igbokwe ◽  
Oreoluwa Ayomide Abiodun ◽  
Chijioke Ofomata
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Oral Pathogens ◽  
Jatropha Gossypiifolia

Increase in the incidence of oral disease, resistance to antibiotics and adverse effect to synthetic medicines has made search for alternative safe, effective and cheaper treatment options imperative, preferably from plant sources. This study evaluated the antimicrobial profile of ethanol extracts of leaf and root bark of Jatropha gossypiifolia and mouthwash formulation containing the leaf extract. Extraction of plant parts was done by cold maceration with 70% ethanol. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts and the formulated mouthwash were evaluated againstStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans using Agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts on susceptible organisms was determined according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute protocol. The physicochemical parameters of the formulated mouthwash were assessed using standard methods. J. gossypiifolia leaf and root bark extracts exhibited a concentration dependent antimicrobial activity and MIC ranging from 50 to 260 mg/ml against test organisms. The formulated herbal mouthwash showed effective antimicrobial activity and suitable cosmetics properties. This study indicates that the leaf extracts of J. gossypiifolia possess bioactive metabolites with strong antimicrobial activities and its herbal mouthwash formulation has potential in the treatment of various diseases caused by oral pathogens.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of leaf and flowering cones of Abies cilicica ssp. cilicica (Pinaceae) crude extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Basel Saleh ◽  
Ayman Al-Mariri
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Sensitive Isolate ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Microdilution Broth ◽  
Susceptibility Assay

Summary Introduction: Abies cilicica ssp. cilicica is an endemic species grown naturally in Syria. This taxon could be a potential and promising source of antimicrobial activity. Objective: Methanolic, ethanolic and acetonic extracts of leaf (LE) and flowering cones (FE) of A. cilicica ssp. cilicica plant were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against 3 bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and two fungi (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) pathogens. Methods: A. cilicica antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc-diffusion method (zone of inhibitions-ZIs), activity index (AI) and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (Microdilution broth susceptibility assay). Similarly, ciprofloxacin (10 mg/ml) and nystatin (5 μg/ml) antibiotics were used as a standard for the antimicrobial activity of bacteria and fungi isolates, respectively. Results: Data revealed that the acetone FE with highest ZIs and lowest MICs showed the strongest antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens, while, ethanol LE was the lowest potent extract against all tested microorganisms. P. vulgaris bacteria was considered as the most sensitive isolate by showing the lowest MICs value of 0.52 μg/ml, whereas, A. niger fungus was pronounced as the most tolerant isolate by expressing the highest MICs value of 26.67 μg/ml. Conclusion: The current investigation proved the potential activity of A. cilicica extracts as an antibacterial and an antifungal source grown naturally in Syria.

scholarly journals Screening for Phytochemicals and Antimicrobial Activity of Aqueous extract of Tridax procumbens

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5787-5790
Author(s):  
Momanyi Kerubo Rachael ◽  
Rajiv P ◽  
Sugapriya Dhanasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Stomach Pain ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

The plants are producing different types of secondary metabolites and are employed either indirectly or directly in the pharmaceutical industries. The chemical constituents of secondary metabolites improve the primary health and physiological activity in human systems. Tridax procumbens is belonging to Asteraceae family. T. procumbens is classified as a weed. In traditional medicine, the leaves, root, and stem of T. procumbens were used to treatment of stomach pain, diarrhoea, colds, inflammations, hepatopathies, bacterial and skin infections. The main objectives of present study were to screen the phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract of weed plant (T. procumbens). The phytochemical screening was carried out using the stranded methods. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity for aqueous extract of T. procumbens was done by agar well diffusion method using bacterial and fungal pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Fusarium oxysporium and Trichoderma reesei. All the phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, phenolic groups, glycosides, tannin, alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids and steroids were present in the extract of T. procumbens and were confirmed by phytochemical analysis. The aqueous extract has not shown antibacterial and antifungal activity against tested pathogens. Other evaluation process is to be done on isolation of phytochemicals and chemical structure determination of bioactive compounds.

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