scholarly journals Evaluating The Impact of Strigolactone GR24 On Capparis Spinosa L. Callus Production And Phenolic Compound Content

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsatu Issah ◽  
Ragbet Ezgi Duran
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Compound ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Substance ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Methyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Callus Production ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The effect of strigolactones on plants, which has been recently described as a new group of plant hormones, has not been fully characterized. Capparis spinosa L. callus formation using synthetic strigolactone GR24 (0.1 and 0.2 μM) alone or in combination with 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (2 mg / L) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (1 mg / L) and its effect on phenolic substance production were evaluated. 2 mg/L NAA+1 mg/L BAP+0.1 μM GR24 was the medium with the highest callus formation (60.3%) and callus fresh weight (120.8 mg). In the phytochemical analysis, the highest total flavonoid and phenolic substance and the highest rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid content were found in this application and their amounts increased at various rates compared to the control. Aromatic substances in caper calluses were grouped as sulfur compounds (66.97% -87.53%), aldehydes (4.88% -7.90%), ketones (0.34% -19.3%), hydrocarbons and derivatives (0.56%-5.8%), alcohols (% 1.62-6.08%), others (0.61% -2.37%) and their amounts varied at various hormone applications. When 0.1 μM GR24 was applied alone, the total sulfur compound in callus samples was 87.53% and the dominant substance was found to be methyl isothiocyanate.

scholarly journals Can Optimizing the Mechanical Environment Deliver a Clinically Significant Reduction in Fracture Healing Time?

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Jan Barcik ◽  
Devakara R. Epari
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Mechanical Environment ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the local mechanical environment in the fracture gap on the bone healing process has been extensively investigated. Whilst it is widely accepted that mechanical stimulation is integral to callus formation and secondary bone healing, treatment strategies that aim to harness that potential are rare. In fact, the current clinical practice with an initially partial or non-weight-bearing approach appears to contradict the findings from animal experiments that early mechanical stimulation is critical. Therefore, we posed the question as to whether optimizing the mechanical environment over the course of healing can deliver a clinically significant reduction in fracture healing time. In reviewing the evidence from pre-clinical studies that investigate the influence of mechanics on bone healing, we formulate a hypothesis for the stimulation protocol which has the potential to shorten healing time. The protocol involves confining stimulation predominantly to the proliferative phase of healing and including adequate rest periods between applications of stimulation.

scholarly journals The Influence of Rooting Substrate and Growth Regulators Indol butyric Acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid in the Number and Length of Adventitious Roots to Hardwood Cuttings in Blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Sabri Braha ◽  
Petrit Rama
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Important Variation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the turf-only substrate and turf–perlite in the ratio 2:1 and of growth regulators in the quality of adventive roots ( the number and length) of well lignified one-year old branches without fruit buds in the Bluecrop cultivar (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) taken at the end of the latent period before budding at the February 15 th during the -2015 growing season. In order to support the increase of the number of roots and their length the hardwood cuttings are treated with different IBA and NAA concentrations (1500, 3000, 4500 ppm), while a part of cuttings were untreated control. The number and the length of roots have increased in relation to the increase of concentration from 1500 to 3000 ppm followed by a decline of these values in concentrations over 3000 ppm. Respectively, the number of roots (8) and the higher values of root length (4.6 cm) are achieved in the turf–perlite substrate, IBA 3000 ppm (compared to the turf-only substrate). The presence of perlite helps the aeration of the substrate and supports biochemical and physiological processes which lead to the inducing of adventive roots. Regarding the number and length of roots an important variation for (p<0.05) was observed between different concentrations of IBA and NAA. In general the effect of IBA was a lot better than the effect of NAA.

scholarly journals Influence of phytohormones on vegetative propagation of different forms of pannonian thyme (Thymus pannonicus All.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Vladimir Filipović ◽  
Vladan Ugrenović ◽  
Zoran Maksimović ◽  
Vera Popović ◽  
Danica Paunović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Plant Collection ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
The Impact

The paper examined the impact of the application of three different phytohormones (INCIT 2, INCIT 5 and INCIT 8, all based on a-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA)), with the cuttings of two forms of Pannonian thyme (the L-16 form, with hairy leaves, and the L-9 form, with hairless leaves), established during two periods (March and May), on the percentage of the rooted cuttings and the morphological properties of the seedlings. As the control, the variant without the application of the phytohormones was taken. The research was conducted in the period from 2019 to 2020, in a plastic greenhouse, using the plant collection of the Institute for Medicinal Plants Research "Dr Josif Pančić", which is located in Pančevo city, Serbia (44°52'20"N; 20°42'06"E; 74 m.a.s.l.). For this research was used the Pannonian thyme species (Thymus pannonicus All.) from the Lamiaceae family, which is grown and produced at the Institute. Plant establishment was carried out in four repetitions with 33 cuttings per each variant. Standard measures of care were used during the period of production of Pannonian thyme. The measurement was performed after 60 days from the date of conducted the experiment. The following parameters were measured: the percentage of rooted cuttings (%), the mass of the rooted plantlings (g), the mass of roots (g), the length of rooting (cm) and the number of root hairs of the formed rootings. The measuring was done using a ruler, millimetre paper and an analytical balance. Given the results achieved, INCIT 2 proved to be the most suitable phytohormone for the rooting of Pannonic thyme cuttings, with the average percentage of rooted cuttings of 61.3%. The lowest rooting percentage was recorded in the control variant, only 29.4%. Satisfactory rooting was found in the cuttings treated with INCIT 8 (57.6%). The L-16 form cuttings showed a higher rooting rate, an average of 53.8%, whereas the L-9 form cuttings had a lower average percentage of rooted cuttings (45.0%) for both plant establishment periods. Greater success and quality in the rooting of cuttings was recorded in the second (May) period of plant establishment, averaging 58.1%, which was higher by 17.4% than the percentage of rooted cuttings in the first establishment period (40.7%). It is important to note that the rooting of the L-9 form was significantly higher in the second establishment period (58.1%) than that in the first establishment period (31.9%).

scholarly journals Use of a Biostimulant to Mitigate Salt Stress in Maize Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1755
Author(s):  
Roberto D’Amato ◽  
Daniele Del Buono
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
The Impact

Salinity is considered among the abiotic stresses most impacting agriculture for its ability to interfere with crop development and quality. For this reason, practices and innovations that could contain the deleterious effects of such stress are of pivotal importance for maintaining acceptable crop yields. In this context, this work has concerned the study of severe salt stress (100 mM NaCl) on maize seedlings and the effects of a plant biostimulant (Megafol–Meg) in helping plants to cope with this adversity. Biomass production, pigments, the content Na+ and K+, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation products (MDA), total phenolic compounds (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) were investigated in control samples, in samples treated with NaCl alone, and in samples treated with NaCl in combination with the biostimulant. The results showed that the biostimulant significantly mitigated the impact of the salt stress on shoot length and fresh weight, on chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and reduced the amount of Na+ taken up by the species. Regarding the oxidative status, the biostimulated samples revealed lower amounts of H2O2 and MDA, while maize seedlings grown with NaCl alone exhibited the highest increases in the TPC, ABTS, and FRAP. The explanation for these effects is provided by highlighting the effectiveness of the biostimulant in avoiding Na+ accumulation, which resulted in a lower content of H2O2, MDA, TPC, and antioxidant activity.

Organogenesis and chromosome number in callus derived from cassava anthers

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1287-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chin Liu ◽  
Wen-Huei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Somatic Tissues ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Formation

Experiments have been performed to induce callus formation and organogenesis in anther culture of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Callusing was achieved on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium (MSB) supplemented with 4.44 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 4.52 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D). No callus was formed from anthers pretreated at 4 °C for more than 48 h or on a medium containing 4g/ℓ activated charcoal. Callus on MSB with 4.44–8.88 μM BAP alone formed roots only. BAP (8.88 μM) in combination with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (10.74 μM) resulted in chlorophyll formation in callus. Abscisic acid (ABA) acted as an antagonist to NAA in reducing the frequency of callus greening when the latter was applied jointly with BAP. Chromosome counts of mitotic figures from callus cells ranged from 34 to 38 indicating that the calli were derived from the somatic tissues of the anthers.

scholarly journals Callus Induction in Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) Explants

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-543
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Kelson S. REZENDE ◽  
Ana Maria N. SCOTON ◽  
Maílson V. JESUS ◽  
Zeva V. PEREIRA ◽  
Fernanda PINTO
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Alternative Technique ◽  
Propagation Methods ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a species with great economic and environmental potential; it has popular acceptance, besides being a very productive species. Alternative propagation methods are important for species maintenance and exploration. Thus, micropropagation emerged as an alternative technique, providing genetic stability and the production of a large number of seedlings. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a callus induction protocol for in vitro baru explants. The tested explants were nodal, internodal and foliar segments. The explants were disinfected for 30 seconds in 70% alcohol (v/v) and 2 minutes in sodium hypochlorite (1.25% active chlorine). This was followed by triple washing. The inoculation was carried out in test tubes containing 15 mL MS medium (30 g L-1 sucrose, 6 g L-1 agar and 100 mg L-1 ascorbic acid) supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The solution also contained 0.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) with the pH adjusted to 5.8. In the incubation phase, the explants were cultured for seven days in the dark and then subjected to a photoperiod of 16 hours (43 µmol m-2 s-1) at 25 ± 2 °C. The treatments were studied with 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 mg L-1 BAP additions to the MS. Callus formation, contamination and oxidation evaluations were undertaken. The results obtained when using 2.0 mg L-1 NAA concluded that such a treatment should be used to induce callogenesis from nodal explants, while for the tested baru leaf explants, the best results for callus formation were given by the combination of 2.0 mg L-1 NAA with 2.5 mg L-1 of BAP to.

scholarly journals ANTI-MYCOBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CAPPARIS SPINOSA L. EXTRACT AGAINST CLINICAL ISOLATES OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Ehsanifar ◽  
Nadia Kazemipoor ◽  
Bahman Fouladi
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Microbial Effects

  Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) has been one of the biggest global health issues for decades. Emerging forms of the disease; however, after many years since the discovery of the last effective treatment for this disease, the emerging forms of it have made scientists worried about the disease. Most herbs have anti-microbial properties; however, there was no research on the impact of fruit Capparis spinosa on TB. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-microbial effects of bacterial C. spinosa.Methods: In this study, methanolic extract at maximum efficiency to maintain existing substances was prepared by the freeze dryer device and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of bacteria’s growth. The proportional method was used on 7 clinical samples and one reference sample H37RV with its six concentrations (80-50-25-10-1-0/2 mg/ml). In addition, to determine the effects of plant extracts in combination with rifampin, all samples were tested by the supplement combination or cover combination of these two materials. All tests were performed twice. The methanol extract of the plant at the concentration of 25 mg/mL in all samples has inhibitory effect on the growth.Results: In study, clinical samples with a lethal dose of RIFAMPIN, it was shown that none of the samples have drug resistance. The results have revealed that the methanol extract has an anti-mycobacterial effect.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Capparis spinosa possess considerable anti-mycobacterial properties in the laboratory. These results can be used as a background for further future studies on this species.

scholarly journals Physical and metabolic alterations in "Prata Anã" banana induced by mechanical damage at room temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Martins Maia ◽  
Luiz Carlos Chamhum Salomão ◽  
Dalmo Lopes Siqueira ◽  
Rolf Puschman ◽  
Virgílio Jamir Gonçalves Mota Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
The Impact

Bananas respond at the physical and physiological level to mechanical damage. Mechanical injuries cause alterations in color and flavor, tissue softening, faster ripening, increased weight loss, increased invasion of microorganisms, and higher enzyme activity in the affected area. The purpose of this study was to verify the physical and metabolic alterations in 'Prata Anã' bananas induced by mechanical stress at room temperature. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized, split-plot in time design, consisting of one control and four mechanical injury types: cutting, abrasion, impact and compression, sampled over time. The percentage of accumulated and daily fresh weight loss, electrolyte leakage from the injured peel region, total soluble sugar and starch contents and enzyme activity of polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase were measured. The damage caused by cutting and abrasion resulted in the highest percentage of fresh weight loss. All types of mechanical damage increased electrolyte leakage during the evaluation period, in comparison with the control. The impact damage anticipated the ripening, besides affecting the conversion of starch into total soluble sugars in the pulp. By impact and abrasion injuries, the polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase activity in the peel was increased by up to 231% and 90%, and 618% and 956%, respectively, compared to the control.

scholarly journals The Potentiality of Marine Macro-Algae as Bio-Fertilizers to Improve the Productivity and Salt Stress Tolerance of Canola (Brassica napus L.) Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem H.A. ◽  
Mansour H.A. ◽  
El-Khawas S.A. ◽  
Hassanein R.A.
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
The Impact

The present study aimed to evaluate the potentiality of three seaweeds, which belong to different algal taxa (green alga Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, brown alga Cystoseira spp., and red alga Gelidium crinale (Hare ex Turner) Gaillon) as bio-fertilizers to improve the growth and yield of canola (Brassica napus L.) plants under greenhouse conditions. Furthermore, the impact of seaweeds in alleviating the effects of salt stress (75 and 150 mM NaCl) on canola plants was also investigated. The three examined seaweeds (applied as soil amendments) successfully alleviated the harmful effects of salinity on canola plants by significantly reducing the inhibition of chlorophyll a, b, total carbohydrate accumulation, and growth promoting hormones, while increasing antioxidative compounds, such as phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin, and osmoprotectants, including total carbohydrates and proline. Phytochemical analysis of the three examined seaweeds suggests that their stimulatory effect on growth and productivity under normal and salinity growth conditions may be linked to their constituents of a wide variety of growth promotive hormones, including indole acetic acid, indole butyric acid, gibberellic acid, cytokinins, total carbohydrates, and phenolic compounds. U. lactuca was found to be the best candidate to be used as a bio-fertilizer to improve canola growth, yield, and salt stress tolerance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document