Analysis of MDR1 Polymorphisms Among HIV-Infected Individuals on ARV Therapy from Western India

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51053/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

HariOm Singh ◽

Dharmesh Samani ◽

Vijay Chauware ◽

T.N Dhole

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Combined Effect ◽

Western India ◽

Infected People ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Reduce Risk

Abstract Background: MDR1 is involved in the transport of numerous drugs. Polymorphism of MDR1 is linked with the treatment outcome. ARV regimen is being used to manage the progression of HIV infection. Ethnic disparities have been observed in the distribution of MDR1 genotypes. Methods: MDR1 polymorphism (1236 C/T, 3435 C/T) was genotyped in 34 individuals with ARV-associated hepatotoxicity, 131 HIV-infected, and one-fifty-five healthy by utilization of PCR-RFLP. Results: Haplotype TC exposed the greater risk for hepatotoxicity severity when compared between individuals with hepatotoxicity and HIV infected (OR=1.96, P=0.06). While haplotypes TT and CC bared a reduce risk for hepatotoxicity severity (OR= 0.16, P=0.006; OR= 0.46, P=0.06). Haplotype TT and CC displayed a decrease risk of hepatotoxicity severity while compared between individuals with hepatotoxicity and healthy (OR=0.09, P=0.003; OR=0.34, P=0.03). A higher occurrence of MDR1 1236TT genotype was seen among patients with hepatotoxicity who consumed alcohol (28.6% versus 14.8%, OR=1.50). In patients with hepatotoxicity taking nevirapine, there was an increased incidence of MDR1 1236TT genotype in contrast with efavirenz (21.7% versus 9.1%, OR=2.11). In HIV-infected people taking nevirapine, MDR1 1236CT, 1236TT genotypes found to be increased compared with efavirenz (43.7% versus 33.3%, OR=1.66; 12.6% versus 8.3%, OR=1.96). A higher occurrence of MDR1 1236TT genotype has happened in hepatotoxicity cases having both alcohol and nevirapine (40.0% versus 16.67%, OR=2.21). Conclusion: MDR1 haplotypes may have an influence on the severity of hepatotoxicity. Individual utilizing nevirapine and alcohol with MDR1 1236TT and 3435CT genotypes may have combined effect on vulnerability of severity of hepatotoxicity and progression of HIV infection

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Analysis of MDR1 Polymorphisms Among HIV-Infected Individuals on ARV Therapy from Western India

10.21203/rs.3.rs-100712/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

HariOm Singh ◽

Dharmesh Samani ◽

Vijay Chauware ◽

T.N Dhole

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Western India ◽

Multidrug Resistance Protein ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Infected People ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Resistance Protein ◽

Reduced Risk

Abstract Background: The multidrug resistance protein, MDR1 is involved in the transport of numerous drugs. Polymorphism of MDR1 is linked with the treatment outcome. Antiretroviral (ARV) regimen is being used to manage the progression of HIV infection. Ethnic disparities have been observed in the distribution of MDR1 genotypes.Methods: MDR1 polymorphisms (1236 C/T, 3435 C/T) was genotyped in 34 HIV-infected individuals with ARV-associated hepatotoxicity, 131 HIV-infected individuals without ARV-associated hepatotoxicity, and one-fifty-five healthy individuals by utilization of PCR-RFLP.Results: The incidence of haplotype TC of MDR1 was found to be more in HIV infected individuals with hepatotoxicity than the non-hepatotoxic ones, thus indicating a greater risk for hepatotoxicity severity (OR=1.96, P=0.06). Whereas the haplotypes TT and CC were found to be linked with a reduced risk for hepatotoxicity severity (OR= 0.16, P=0.006; OR= 0.46, P=0.06). A higher occurrence of MDR1 1236TT genotype was seen among patients with hepatotoxicity who consumed alcohol (28.6% versus 14.8%, OR=1.50). In patients with hepatotoxicity on nevirapine, there was an increased incidence of MDR1 1236TT genotype in contrast with efavirenz (21.7% versus 9.1%, OR=2.11). In HIV-infected people on nevirapine, the incidence of MDR1 1236CT, 1236TT genotypes was found to be more as compared to the ones on efavirenz (43.7% versus 33.3%, OR=1.66; 12.6% versus 8.3%, OR=1.96). Also a higher occurrence of MDR1 1236TT genotype was found in the hepatotoxicity cases on nevirapine, who consume alcohol as compared to the alcohol nonusers on nevirapine (40.0% versus 16.67%, OR=2.21).Conclusion: Haplotype TC was associated with the increased severity of hepatotoxicity because of synergistic effect. In the HIV infected individuals on nevirapine who consume alcohol, the presence of MDR1 1236TT and 3435CT genotypes may have a combined effect on vulnerability to hepatotoxicity severity and progression of HIV infection.

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MDR1 Polymorphisms and Modulation of ARV Drug Induced Hepatotoxicity

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1019782/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

HARI OM SINGH ◽

Dharmesh Samani

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Reduced Risk

Abstract Background Antiretroviral (ARV) regimen is used to manage the progression of HIV infection. MDR1 Polymorphism is associated with the treatment outcome. Ethnic disparities have been observed in the distribution of MDR1 genotypes. Hence we analyzed the association of MDR1 polymorphism with the modulation of ARV associated hepatotoxicity.MDR1 polymorphisms (1236 C/T, 3435 C/T) was genotyped in a total 165 HIV-infected individuals (34 ARV drug induced hepatotoxicity were labeled as cases, 131 those without hepatotoxicity were controls) and 155 healthy individuals by utilization of PCR-RFLP. Results Individuals with haplotype TC of MDR1 were at greater risk for hepatotoxicity severity (OR=1.96, P=0.06). Haplotypes TT and CC were associated with a reduced risk of hepatotoxicity severity (OR= 0.16, P=0.006; OR= 0.46, P=0.06). MDR1 1236TT genotype was seen higher among ARV drug induced hepatotoxicity cases who consumed alcohol than non-users (28.6% versus 14.8%, OR=1.50). There was an increased prevalence of MDR1 1236TT genotype in ARV drug induced hepatotoxicity cases on nevirapine in contrast with efavirenz (21.7% versus 9.1%, OR=2.11). The incidence of MDR1 1236CT, 1236TT genotypes was found to be more in individuals those without hepatotoxicity on nevirapine as compared to efavirenz (43.7% versus 33.3%, OR=1.66; 12.6% versus 8.3%, OR=1.96). MDR1 1236TT genotype in presence of nevirapine and who consumed alcohol showed risk for severity of hepatotoxicity (40.0% versus 16.67%, OR=2.21). Conclusion Haplotype TC was associated with hepatotoxicity severity. MDR1 1236TT and 3435CT genotypes in presence of nevirapine and who consume alcohol showed higher risk for acquisition and severity of ARV associated hepatotoxicity.

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Health and social problems associated with HIV infection and AIDS in the professional activity of specialists with secondary medical education

Medsestra (Nurse) ◽

10.33920/med-05-2001-01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 5-13

Author(s):

L. Guseva

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Modern Society ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Professional Activity ◽

Infected People ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

The article considers urgent problem of modern society – progressive increase in the number of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Epidemiological characteristics of the pathogen are given, clinical signs of the disease and a modern strategy aimed at reducing the number of infected people are presented. The role of specialists with secondary medical education in the implementation of the Strategy aimed at combating the spread of HIV infection epidemic in the Russian Federation is emphasized.

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Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection of stage 4 (severely symptomatic stage) in the practice of a health professional

Terapevt (General Physician) ◽

10.33920/med-12-2005-04 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 27-34

Author(s):

A. Nikitina ◽

A. Rusanova ◽

A. Zhilenkova

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Health Professional ◽

Clinical Picture ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Significant Problem ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Modern World ◽

Infected People ◽

Stage 4 ◽

Future Practice

HIV infection is a significant problem in the modern world, because there are more and more infected people every year. This article will consider: the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of this disease in different countries. Based on these data, the following conclusions will be made to help doctors in their future practice correctly approach the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this disease.

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The immune synapses reveal aberrant functions of CD8 T cells during chronic HIV infection

10.1101/2022.01.13.476200 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Nadia Anikeeva ◽

Maria Steblyanko ◽

Leticia Kuri-Cervantes ◽

Marcus Buggert ◽

Michael R Betts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Lipid Bilayers ◽

Cd8 T Cells ◽

Premature Aging ◽

Low Grade ◽

Naive T Cells ◽

Infected People ◽

Naïve T Cells ◽

Chronic Hiv Infection

It is well-established that chronic HIV infection causes persistent low-grade inflammation that induces premature aging of the immune system in HIV patient including senescence of memory and effector CD8 T cells. To uncover the reasons of gradually diminished potency of CD8 T cells from chronically HIV infected people, we have analyzed cellular morphology and dynamics of the synaptic interface followed exposure of peripheral polyclonal CD8 T cells at various differentiation stages to planar lipid bilayers. The above parameters were linked to pattern of degranulation that determines efficiency of CD8 T cells cytolytic response. We found a large fraction of naive T cells from HIV infected people developing mature synapses and demonstrating focused degranulation, a signature of a differentiated T cells. Further differentiation of aberrant naive T cells leads to development of anomalous effector T cells undermining their capacity to control HIV and other viruses that could be contained otherwise.

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Information technologies for collecting and processing material on clinical course of HIV infection in epidemiological assessment of risks of contact infection in foci of combined pathology. HIV infection and tuberculosis

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2021-18-47-50 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 47-50

Author(s):

N. V. Lukyanenko ◽

N. Ya. Lukyanenko ◽

V. V. Shevchenko ◽

M. A. Asmanova

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Information Technologies ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Epidemiological Surveillance ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Infected People ◽

Processing Material ◽

Incidence Increase

Due to the incidence increase of tuberculosis, there is increasing need for epidemiological surveillance of concomitant pathologies among HIV-infected people. The main goal of the authors is to develop information technologies for collecting and processing material on the incidence of HIV infection and tuberculosis in assessing the risks of contamination of contacts in the foci and the effectiveness of epidemiological response. There are descriptive and evaluative epidemiological research methods, the results of clinical studies at the work. There are also presented the features of clinical aspects of concomitant pathology that affect the risk of developing tuberculosis in contact persons. The work presents optimization of use of databases and standard computer programs, which will make it possible to carry out a comprehensive epidemiological assessment of the risks of contamination of contacts in foci of HIV infection and tuberculosis, to determine belonging of the outbreak to groups of high risk of developing tuberculosis in contact, to determine a wider range of contacts and the boundaries of the outbreak.

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Incorporating Rapid HIV Testing into Partner Counseling and Referral Services

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/00333549081230s315 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 123 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 126-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elin B. Begley ◽

Alexandra M. Oster ◽

Binwei Song ◽

Linda Lesondak ◽

Kelly Voorhees ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

The United States ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Infected People ◽

Rapid Hiv Testing ◽

Undiagnosed Hiv ◽

Locating Information

Objectives. Partner counseling and referral services (PCRS) provide a unique opportunity to decrease transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by notifying sex and drug-injection partners of HIV-infected individuals of their exposure to HIV. We incorporated rapid HIV testing into PCRS to reduce barriers associated with conventional HIV testing and identify undiagnosed HIV infection within this high-risk population. Methods. From April 2004 through June 2006, HIV-infected people (index clients) were interviewed, and their partners were notified of their potential exposure to HIV and offered rapid HIV testing at six sites in the United States. The numbers of index clients participating and the numbers of partners interviewed and tested were compared by site. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. Results. A total of 2,678 index clients were identified, of whom 779 (29%) provided partner locating information. A total of 1,048 partners were elicited, of whom 463 (44%) were both interviewed and tested for HIV. Thirty-seven partners (8%) were newly diagnosed with HIV. The number of index clients interviewed to identify one partner with newly diagnosed HIV infection ranged from 10 to 137 at the participating sites. Conclusions. PCRS provides testing and prevention services to people at high risk for HIV infection. Incorporating rapid HIV testing into PCRS and identifying previously undiagnosed infections likely confer individual and public health benefits. Further evaluation is needed to determine the best methods of identifying partners with previously unrecognized HIV infection.

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