scholarly journals Dialell Analysis for Morphoagronomic Descriptors in Physalis Angulata L. Hybrids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Williano de Souza Farias ◽  
Jonathan Said Tejeda Orellana ◽  
Edgar dos Santos Batista ◽  
Rafael Cruz Cordeiro ◽  
Adriana Rodrigues Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Physalis Angulata ◽  
Selection Indexes

Abstract Physalis angulata L. is an American species with edible fruits that stands out for having high nutritional and pharmaceutical value. The species is found in almost the entire Brazilian territory but the consumption of its fruits is not widespread. Genetic improvement is one of the main factors that can make P. angulata a crop in Brazil. The aim of this work was to evaluate the existence of heterosis and heterobeltiosis for morphoagronomic descriptors, to estimate correlations, and to select the best hybrids in P. angulata in a full diallel with five accession. Twenty plant, fruit and seed descriptors were evaluated, and plant height and total soluble solids showed significant genetic variation. Positive heterobeltiosis for total soluble solids was observed in hybrids Pi x G53, Can x Pi and Can x LG, while negative heterobeltiosis for plant height was observed in G53 x LG, Pi x Laj e Can x Laj hybrids. Heterosis was also observed for both descriptors. Using selection indexes, Can x G53, Can x LG, Pi x G53, Can x Pi and G53 x Pi were selected as the best hybrids, expressing smaller plant height and higher total soluble solids.

scholarly journals Productive performance and quality of arugula (Eruca sativa) under different doses of cassava wastewater containing potassium source

2020 ◽  
pp. 985-990
Author(s):  
Anderson Vitor Lins da Silva ◽  
Aldair de Souza Medeiros ◽  
Giordano Bruno Medeiros Gonzaga ◽  
Ivomberg Dourado Magalhães ◽  
Renato Américo de Araújo Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Cassava Wastewater

Cassava wastewater has high organic load and concentration of nutrients and can cause damage to the environment when discarded indiscriminately. However, the residue can help agricultural production. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the appropriate doses of cassava wastewater to enable the highest production and quality of arugula. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, consisting of eight treatments composed of the following doses: D1 = 0, D2 = 6.5, D3 = 13, D4 = 19.5, D5 = 26, D6 = 32.5, D7 = 39 and D8 = 45.5 m3 ha-1 of cassava wastewater with four replicates each. We used the arugula cultivar “Cultivada”, and samples of plant height, fresh matter, and shoot dry matter were performed at 15 and 30 days after emergence. The quality of arugula was evaluated through pH, total soluble solids and titratable total acidity. Cassava wastewater had a significant effect on plant height, fresh matter and dry matter of above ground part, pH and total soluble solids of arugula. However, titratable total acidity was not affected by treatments. Our results show that cassava wastewater is a good alternative fertilizer for arugula cultivation but at proper doses up to 26 m3 ha-1 applied through the crop cycle to avoid the deleterious effect of some nutrients in excess, such as potassium.

scholarly journals Mitigation the adverse effect of salinity stress on the performance of the tomato crop by exogenous application of chitosan

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeem Ullah ◽  
Abdul Basit ◽  
Imran Ahmad ◽  
Izhar Ullah ◽  
Syed Tanveer Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

Abstract Background In recent years, ecofriendly compounds such as chitosan has been used to alleviate the destructive effects of salt stress. Chitosan is a natural biodegradable compound with no toxicity in nature and act as a stress tolerance inductor involved in physiological processes and prevent water loss through transpiration. Tomato cv. Rio Grande grown in pots was subjected with salinity stress in the form of 4 levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) whose effect was mediated by treating it with different concentration of chitosan (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L−1). Results The data revealed that various application of salinity had a negative effect on almost all the studied parameters. Tomato plants treated with distilled water having no salinity (control) recorded maximum plant height (cm), average number of compound leaves plant−1, leaf area (cm2), stem diameter (mm), number of fruits plant−1, fruit firmness (kg cm−2), leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), fruit juice pH, yield plant−1 (kg) and minimum total soluble solids (Brix°). Whereas, minimum plant height (cm), average number of compound leaves plant−1, leaf area (cm2), stem diameter (mm), number of fruits plant−1, fruit firmness (kg cm−2), leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), fruit juice pH, yield plant−1 (kg) and maximum total soluble solids (Brix°) were found in plants treated with salinity level of 150 mM. Chitosan concentration of 150 mg L−1 significantly mediated the effect of salinity stress and recorded maximum plant height (cm), average number of compound leaves plant−1, leaf area (cm2), stem diameter (mm), number of fruits plant−1, fruit firmness (kg cm−2), leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), total soluble solids (Brix°) and yield plant−1 (kg) with minimum fruit juice pH. Conclusion It is concluded that foliar application of chitosan at the rate of 150 mg L−1 and salinity stress 150 mM could have positive impact on performance of tomato.

scholarly journals Selection of Morphoagronomic Descriptors in Physalis angulata L. Using Multivariate Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Hortência Kardec da Silva ◽  
Adriana Rodrigues Passos ◽  
Alessandra Selbach Schnadelbach ◽  
Ricardo Franco Cunha Moreira ◽  
Antonio Leandro da Silva Conceição ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Longitudinal Length ◽  
Physalis Angulata

This study aimed at selecting determinant morphoagronomic descriptors to characterize and evaluate Physalis angulata L. germplasm. Twelve quantitative and twenty-two qualitative descriptors were analyzed in six accessions of P. angulata coming from the physalis germplasm collection belonging to the State University of Feira de Santana-BA. The selection and discharge of quantitative descriptors was based on the direct selection and on the Singh method, while qualitative descriptors were analyzed through entropy. The statistic analyses were carried out using the GENES and R programs. Ten quantitative descriptors were excluded through direct selection and five through the Singh method. However, only four descriptors were considered redundant by both methods: east-west fruit, weight of five ripe fruits, width of leaf blade and total soluble solids. Although the total soluble solids descriptor was appointed for discharge, it was included in the group of descriptors selected due to its importance in the characterization of physalis fruit. The list of minimum descriptors to describe physalis accessions comprised 15 descriptors: plant height, stem diameter, north-south fruits, number of fruits per plant, leaf blade length, internode length, fruit longitudinal length, fruit transversal length, total soluble solids, growth habit, stem color, leaf margin shape, unripe calyx color, unripe fruit shape and color. These were nine quantitive and six qualitative descriptors, respectively. The discharge of 55.88% of the descriptors did not cause significant loss of information and might allow the reduction of time and resources spent to characterize and evaluate physalis germplasm.

scholarly journals Influence of Various Fertilizers on Vegetative and Fruiting Characters of Cape Gooseberry (Physalis peruviana)

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 853B-853
Author(s):  
Tanjeet Singh Chahal*
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
N Level ◽  
Cape Gooseberry

A fertilizer trial was conducted to study the effect of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) on vegetative growth and fruit quality characters in cape gooseberry. The experiment consisting of three levels each of N, P, and K (at 5, 10, and 15 g/plant) along with their interactions was conducted in the experimental area, Dept. of Horticulture, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab during the year 2001-2002. The increasing level of N, P, and K help to increase the plant height, where as application of N and K at 10 g/plant and P at 15 g/plant proved their worth for maximizing fruit size. The total soluble solids level of fruits increased significantly with the increment of N level, whereas in case of P and K the total soluble solids increased upto the moderate level and decreased with the further increment. On the other hand, the acidity per cent followed an increase with the each increasing level of all the fertilizers.

Evaluasi Keragaan Beberapa Hibrida Semangka Koleksi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Makful Makful ◽  
Kuswandi Kuswandi ◽  
Sahlan Sahlan ◽  
Mega Andini
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Hybrid breeding of watermelon has led to the formation of high-yielding varieties. The objectives of the research were to determine the performance of hybrid watermelon of the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) collection and to evaluate the superiority of each hybrid. The research has been conducted at Sumani Experimental Garden, ITFRI, Solok, West Sumatera, from April to July 2016. The material used consisted of 19 cross combinations. The data from this descriptive study were presented in the form of averages and pictures. The results showed that the hybrids that were tested showed diversity in size, fruit skin color, flesh color, skin thickness and fruit sweetness. Hybrids with three excellent characters, i.e. medium fruit weight, high total soluble solids (TSS) value, and moderate rind thickness, were not yet obtained. Hybrids that had the superiority in term of sweet taste and shelf life were BT1 × SGP, BT4 × BT4P, BT5 × BT4, BT6 × SGP and SGP × BT6. Keywords: hybrid, performance, total soluble solids, watermelon   ABSTRAK Pemuliaan hibrida pada semangka mengarah kepada pembentukan varietas berdaya hasil tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaan hibrida semangka koleksi Balitbu Tropika dan untuk mengevaluasi keunggulan masing-masing hibrida Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sumani, Balitbu Tropika, Solok, Sumatera Barat, dari bulan April sampai dengan Juli 2016. Materi yang digunakan terdiri dari 19 kombinasi persilangan. Data hasil penelitian deskriptif ini ditampilkan dalam bentuk rataan dan gambar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hibrida yang diuji memiliki keragaman dalam ukuran, warna kulit buah, warna daging buah, ketebalan kulit buah dan kemanisan. Belum ditemukan hibrida yang memiliki tiga karakter unggul, yang terdiri dari bobot buah sedang, total padatan terlarut (total soluble solid) tinggi, dan kulit buah agak tebal. Hibrida yang memiliki keunggulan berupa rasa manis dan tahan simpan adalah BT1 × SGP, BT4 × BT4P, BT5 × BT4, BT6 × SGP dan SGP × BT6. Kata kunci: hibrida, keragaan, semangka, total padatan terlarut

scholarly journals Optimising Tropical Fruit Juice Quality Using Thermosonication-Assisted Extraction via Blocked Face-Centered Composite Design

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Norazlin Abdullah ◽  
Nyuk Ling Chin
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Solids Content

Extraction of tropical fruit juice using simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly technologies is gaining importance to produce high quality juices. Juice from pink-fleshed guava, pink-fleshed pomelo, and soursop was extracted using direct and indirect thermosonication methods by varying intensity, time, and temperature, and compared to those extracted using water bath incubation. Improvised models of juice yield, ascorbic acid, and total soluble solids responses were generated by eliminating insignificant model terms of the factors in full quadratic model using backward eliminating procedure. Main effects, 3D, or 4D plots for each response were developed based on factors that influenced the response. Results showed that the best extraction method for guava and pomelo juices were within indirect thermosonication method of 1 kW, 55 °C and 30 min, and 2.5 kW, 54 °C and 23 min, respectively. Direct thermosonication method at 10% amplitude, 55 °C for 2 to 10 min was more suitable for soursop juice. Thermosonicated extraction of tropical fruit juice can improve its juice yield, ascorbic acid content, and total soluble solids content.

scholarly journals Melatonin Treatment to Pomegranate Trees Enhances Fruit Bioactive Compounds and Quality Traits at Harvest and during Postharvest Storage

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
José M. Lorente-Mento ◽  
Fabián Guillén ◽  
Salvador Castillo ◽  
Domingo Martínez-Romero ◽  
Juan M. Valverde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
First Year ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Total Soluble Solids

The effect of melatonin pomegranate tree treatments on fruit quality and bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity at harvest and during storage at 10 °C for 60 days was assayed in two consecutive years, 2019 and 2020. In the first year, trees were treated with 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mM of melatonin along the developmental fruit growth cycle, and results showed that bioactive compounds (total phenolics and total and individual anthocyanins) and antioxidant activity at harvest were higher in fruits from melatonin-treated trees than in controls. Other fruit quality parameters, such as firmness, total soluble solids and aril red colour, were also increased as a consequence of melatonin treatment. In fruit from control tress, firmness and acidity levels decreased during storage, while increases occurred on total soluble solids, leading to fruit quality reductions. These changes were delayed, and even maintenance of total acidity was observed, in fruit from melatonin-treated trees with respect to controls, resulting in a fruit shelf-life increase. Moreover, concentration of phenolics and anthocyanins and antioxidant activity were maintained at higher levels in treated than in control fruits during the whole storage period. In general, all the mentioned effects were found at the highest level with the 0.1 mM melatonin dose, and then it was selected for repeating the experiment in the second year and results of the first year were confirmed. Thus, 0.1 mM melatonin treatment could be a useful tool to enhance aril content on bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity and health beneficial effects and to improve quality traits of pomegranate fruit, at harvest and during postharvest storage.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization and Functional Potential of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. Landrace Green Beans

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños ◽  
Alma Karina Garzón-García ◽  
Jimena Esther Alba-Jiménez ◽  
José Luis Chávez-Servia ◽  
Araceli Minerva Vera-Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Color Parameters

The green bean is an important crop worldwide, because it is rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, as well as bioactive compounds that provide it with important functional properties; however, the composition of many landraces is still unknown. The purpose of this project was to characterize Phaselus vulgaris and coccineus L. landrace green beans on pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total sugars, color parameters, total phenols, monomeric anthocyanins, and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP). Regarding the content of total sugars, differences were registered between both species, as opposed to results observed in total soluble solids. Color parameters showed higher reddish tones for P. vulgaris landraces, though P. coccineus had a higher total phenolic content, especially the reddish landraces, which correlated directly to a higher antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP. In the protein content, the species P. vulgaris registered the highest content. These results could contribute to a greater use and even promote the genetic improvement of the outstanding pods that serve as one of the main food products in rural regions for higher benefits.

scholarly journals High-density linkage map construction and identification of loci regulating fruit quality traits in blueberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla F. Mengist ◽  
Hamed Bostan ◽  
Elisheba Young ◽  
Kristine L. Kay ◽  
Nicholas Gillitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
High Density ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
High Density Linkage Map

AbstractFruit quality traits play a significant role in consumer preferences and consumption in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L). The objectives of this study were to construct a high-density linkage map and to identify the underlying genetic basis of fruit quality traits in blueberry. A total of 287 F1 individuals derived from a cross between two southern highbush blueberry cultivars, ‘Reveille’ and ‘Arlen’, were phenotyped over three years (2016–2018) for fruit quality-related traits, including titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids, and fruit weight. A high-density linkage map was constructed using 17k single nucleotide polymorphisms markers. The linkage map spanned a total of 1397 cM with an average inter-loci distance of 0.08 cM. The quantitative trait loci interval mapping based on the hidden Markov model identified 18 loci for fruit quality traits, including seven loci for fruit weight, three loci for titratable acidity, five loci for pH, and three loci for total soluble solids. Ten of these loci were detected in more than one year. These loci explained phenotypic variance ranging from 7 to 28% for titratable acidity and total soluble solid, and 8–13% for pH. However, the loci identified for fruit weight did not explain more than 10% of the phenotypic variance. We also reported the association between fruit quality traits and metabolites detected by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis directly responsible for these fruit quality traits. Organic acids, citric acid, and quinic acid were significantly (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with titratable acidity. Sugar molecules showed a strong and positive correlation with total soluble solids. Overall, the study dissected the genetic basis of fruit quality traits and established an association between these fruit quality traits and metabolites.

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