A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis Between Maternal Fish Oil Supplement And Risk of Asthma/Wheeze In Offspring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Jia ◽  
Yafang Huang ◽  
Huili Wang ◽  
Haili Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Maternal Supplementation ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background: Prenatal exposure to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) present in oily fish may prevent asthma or wheeze in childhood.Objective: By limiting this systematic review to fish oil intervention that commenced in the gestational period, we aim to find more clear evidences about the relationship between supplement with fish oil during pregnancy and the risk of asthma/wheeze in offspring, and to improve the life satisfaction of children who suffered asthma.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the following database: PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, the Cochrane library, and Embase up to February 2021. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data of the characteristics, and assessed risk of bias. Eight randomized controlled trials totaling 3,037 mother-infant pairs were analyzed in the end. “Allergic asthma” and “asthma and/or wheeze” were assessed in our meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted. Dose–response data was examined using the robust-error meta-regression method.Results: This meta-analysis showed that n-3 PUFA during pregnancy did not significantly reduce the risk of asthma/wheeze (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.82 to1.04, p=0.21) and allergic asthma (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.24 to 1.86, p=0.44). Subgroup analyses revealed that the risk of childhood asthma/wheeze was significantly decreased: (1) in Europe (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.53 to 0.89), (2) when the dose was ≥1200 mg/d (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.55 to 0.88), (3) when supplementation started after gestational age 22 (RR 0.65; 95%CI 0.50 to 0.85), (4) when supplementation was from pregnancy to lactation (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.95). Furthermore, the linear dose–response analysis showed that when maternal supplementation of n-3 PUFA increased by 100mg/d, the risk of asthma/wheeze was reduced by 2%.Conclusions: Although perinatal replenishment of n-3 PUFA did not prevent allergic disease in offspring, under some conditions, it could reduce the incidence of asthma/wheeze and allergic asthma in children, and the higher the dose, the better the protective effect it has. Additional research is needed to confirm the hypothesis of a link between n-3 PUFA intake and prevention of childhood asthma/wheeze.

scholarly journals Carotenoid Intake and Circulating Carotenoids Are Inversely Associated with the Risk of Bladder Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenghui Wu ◽  
Yanning Liu ◽  
Joel E Michalek ◽  
Ruben A Mesa ◽  
Dorothy Long Parma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Β Carotene

ABSTRACT Some evidence indicates that carotenoids may reduce the risk of bladder cancer (BC), but the association is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies investigating the relation between carotenoid intake or circulating carotenoid concentrations and BC risk in men and women. All relevant epidemiologic studies were identified by a search of PubMed and Scopus databases, and the Cochrane Library from inception to April 2019 with no restrictions. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled RRs and their 95% CIs across studies for high compared with low categories of intake or circulating concentrations. We also performed a dose-response meta-analysis using the Greenland and Longnecker method and random-effects models. A total of 22 studies involving 516,740 adults were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RRs of BC for the highest compared with the lowest category of carotenoid intake and circulating carotenoid concentrations were 0.88 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.03) and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.12, 1.07), respectively. The pooled RR of BC for the highest compared with lowest circulating lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations was 0.53 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.84). Dose-response analysis showed that BC risk decreased by 42% for every 1 mg increase in daily dietary β-cryptoxanthin intake (RR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.94); by 76% for every 1 μmol/L increase in circulating concentration of α-carotene (RR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67); by 27% for every 1 μmol/L increase in circulating concentration of β-carotene (RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.94); and by 56% for every 1 μmol/L increase in circulating concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin (RR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.67). Dietary β-cryptoxanthin intake and circulating concentrations of α-carotene, β-carotene, and lutein and zeaxanthin were inversely associated with BC risk. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42019133240.

scholarly journals The relationship between vitamin D and risk of atrial fibrillation: a dose-response analysis of observational studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Zhaochong Tan ◽  
Xin Zhu ◽  
Menglu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The relationship between serum vitamin D and atrial fibrillation (AF) or postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is still debated. It is also unclear whether there is a dose-response relationship between circulating vitamin D and the risk of AF or POAF. Methods The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies. We used a “one-stage approach” with a restricted cubic spline model to summarize the dose-specific relationships between serum vitamin D and AF. Relative risk (RR) was used to measure the effects in this meta-analysis. Results In total, 13 studies were included with a total of 6519 cases of AF among 74,885 participants. Vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/ml) was associated with increased risks of AF (RR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05–1.43). In the dose-response analysis, the summary RR for a 10 ng/ml increased in vitamin D was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.78–0.98) and there was no evidence of a non-linear association, Pnon-linearity = 0.86. In the age subgroup, high vitamin D (per 10 ng/ml increase) reduced the risk of AF in the older group (> 65 years) (RR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.52–0.89) but not among young individuals (< 65 years) (RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.72–1.06). In addition, a strong association was found between a 10 ng/ml increased in vitamin D and POAF incident in the patient after CABG (RR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24–0.82). Conclusion Our dose-response meta-analysis suggested serum vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of AF in the general population and POAF in patients after CABG. Further studies are needed to explore the age difference in the association between serum vitamin D level and the risk of AF and whether vitamin D supplements will prevent AF. Trial registration This study has been registered with PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews)-registration number-CRD42019119258.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy of pharmacological agents on reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in the hypertriglyceridemia population: a network meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-yan Qi ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
Zhong-min Wang ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Hua Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Indirect Comparisons

Abstract Background Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is considered an independent risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods This study analyzed the effects of various agents on MACE risk reduction in HTG (serum triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dl) populations by performing a network meta-analysis. We performed a frequentist network meta-analysis to conduct direct and indirect comparisons of interventions. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were searched for trials until Jul 6, 2020. Randomized controlled trials that reported MACE associated with agents in entire HTG populations or in subgroups were included. The primary outcome was MACE. Results Of the 2005 articles screened, 21 trials including 56,471 patients were included in the analysis. The network meta-analysis results for MACE risk based on frequency data showed that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (OR: 1.32; 95% CI 1.19–1.46), gemfibrozil (OR: 1.53; 95% CI 1.20–1.95), niacin plus clofibrate (OR: 2.00; 95% CI 1.23–3.25), pravastatin (OR: 1.32; 95% CI 1.15–1.52), simvastatin (OR: 2.38; 95% CI 1.55–3.66), and atorvastatin (OR: 0.55; 95% CI 0.37–0.82) significantly reduced the risk of MACE compared to the control conditions. In the subgroup analysis of HTG patients with triglycerides ≥ 200 mg/dL, bezafibrate (OR: 0.56; 95% CI 0.33–0.94), EPA (OR: 0.72; 95% CI 0.62–0.82), and pravastatin (OR: 1.33; 95% CI 1.01–1.75) significantly reduced the MACE risk. Conclusions Simvastatin had a clear advantage in reducing the risk of MACE in the entire HTG population analyzed in this meta-analysis. EPA, but not omega-3 fatty acid, was considered an effective HTG intervention. Among fibrates, gemfibrozil was most effective, though bezafibrate may significantly reduce the risk of MACE in populations with triglyceride levels of 200–300 mg/dL. Trial registration retrospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020213705).

scholarly journals Dose–response association between adult height and all–cause mortality: a systematic review and meta–analysis of cohort studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanman Li ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Xizhuo Sun ◽  
Honghui Li ◽  
Cheng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Restricted Cubic Splines

Abstract Background We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis from published cohort studies to examine the association of adult height and all-cause mortality and to further explore the dose–response association. Methods PubMed, The Cochrane Library, The Ovid, CNKI, CQVIP and Wanfang databases were searched for articles published from database inception to 6 February 2018. We used the DerSimonian–Laird random-effects model to estimate the quantitative association between adult height and all-cause mortality and the restricted cubic splines to model the dose–response association. Results We included 15 articles, with 1 533 438 death events and 2 854 543 study participants. For each 5-cm height increase below the average, the risk of all-cause mortality was reduced by 7% [relative risk (RR) = 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.89–0.97] for men and 5% (RR = 0.95, 95% CI, 0.90–0.99) for women. All-cause mortality had a U-shaped association with adult height, the lowest risk occurring at 174 cm for men and 158 cm for women (both Pnonlinearity &lt; 0.001). Relative to the shortest adult height (147 cm for men and 137 cm for women), men at 174 cm had a 47% lower likelihood of all-cause mortality and women at 158 cm a 33% lower risk of all-cause mortality. Conclusions Our study suggests that the relation between adult height and all-cause mortality is approximately U-shaped in both men and women.

scholarly journals Height and Risk of Hip Fracture: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zhihong Xiao ◽  
Dong Ren ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Wusheng Kan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The association between height and risk of hip fracture has been investigated in several studies, but the evidence is inconclusive. We therefore conducted this meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to explore whether an association exists between height and risk of hip fracture. We searched PubMed and EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for studies of height and risk of hip fracture up to February 16, 2016. The random-effects model was used to combine results from individual studies. Seven prospective cohort studies, with 7,478 incident hip fracture cases and 907,913 participants, were included for analysis. The pooled relative risk (RR) was 1.65 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–2.16) comparing the highest with the lowest category of height. Result from dose-response analysis suggested a linear association between height and hip fracture risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.0378). The present evidence suggests that height is positively associated with increased risk of hip fracture. Further well-designed cohort studies are needed to confirm the present findings in other ethnicities.

scholarly journals Vitamin E and risk of age-related cataract: a meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 2804-2814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufei Zhang ◽  
Wenjie Jiang ◽  
Zhutian Xie ◽  
Wenlong Wu ◽  
Dongfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Supplemental Vitamin

AbstractObjectiveWe conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between vitamin E and age-related cataract (ARC).DesignThe fixed- or random-effect model was selected based on heterogeneity. Meta-regression was used to explore potential sources of between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using Begg’s test. The dose–response relationship was assessed by a restricted cubic spline model.SettingRelevant studies were identified by a search of PubMed and the Cochrane Library to May 2014, without language restrictions.SubjectsStudies involved samples of people of all ages.ResultsDietary vitamin E intake, dietary and supplemental vitamin E intake, and high serum tocopherol levels were significantly associated with decreased risk of ARC, the pooled relative risk was 0·73 (95 % CI 0·58, 0·92), 0·86 (95 % CI 0·75, 0·99) and 0·77 (95 % CI 0·66, 0·91), respectively. Supplemental vitamin E intake was non-significantly associated with ARC risk (relative risk=0·92; 95 % CI 0·78, 1·07). The findings from dose–response analysis showed evidence of a non-linear association between dietary vitamin E intake and ARC. The risk of ARC decreased with dietary vitamin E intake from 7 mg/d (relative risk=0·94; 95 % CI 0·90, 0·97).ConclusionsThe findings of the meta-analysis indicated that dietary vitamin E intake, dietary and supplemental vitamin E intake, and high level of serum tocopherol might be significantly associated with reduced ARC risk.

scholarly journals Effects of Dexmedetomidine as an Analgesic Adjuvant for Surgery of Femur Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pharmacology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shan Deng ◽  
Yonghao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Femur Fracture ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Block Time ◽  
Sedation Scores ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Patients who undergo surgery of femur fracture suffer the excruciating pain. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a unique α2-adrenergic receptor agonist with sedative and analgesic properties, whose efficacy and safety are still unclear for surgery of femur fracture. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of addition of DEX to general or local anesthesia in surgery of femur fracture were searched from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library database. Patients who received DEX infusion had a significant longer time to rescue analgesia compared with those without DEX coadministration. DEX treatment seemed to reduce the visual analog score; however, the significance did not reach any statistical difference. DEX as an analgesic adjuvant did not reduce the onset of sensory block time, shorten the time to achieve maximum sensory block level, and provide a longer duration of sensory block. The difference in mean sedation scores between 2 groups was not statistically significant. As for adverse effects, DEX therapy significantly increased the rate of hypotension. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine as a local anesthetic adjuvant in femur fracture surgery had a longer duration of rescue analgesia. However, the incidence of hypotension was markedly increased in these patients. It was worth noting that the evidence was of low to moderate quality.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302110042
Author(s):  
Grace Mary Turner ◽  
Christel McMullan ◽  
Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽  
Danai Bem ◽  
Tom Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

scholarly journals Long-term oncologic outcomes of transanal TME compared with transabdominal TME for rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Young Moon ◽  
Min Ro Lee ◽  
Gi Won Ha
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Distant Recurrence ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) appears to have favorable surgical and pathological outcomes. However, the evidence on survival outcomes remains unclear. We performed a meta-analysis to compare long-term oncologic outcomes of TaTME with transabdominal TME for rectal cancer. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Data were pooled, and overall effect size was calculated using random-effects models. Outcome measures were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and local and distant recurrence. Results We included 11 nonrandomized studies that examined 2,143 patients for the meta-analysis. There were no significant differences between the two groups in OS, DFS, and local and distant recurrence with a RR of 0.65 (95% CI 0.39–1.09, I2 = 0%), 0.79 (95% CI 0.57–1.10, I2 = 0%), 1.14 (95% CI 0.44–2.91, I2 = 66%), and 0.75 (95% CI 0.40–1.41, I2 = 0%), respectively. Conclusion In terms of long-term oncologic outcomes, TaTME may be an alternative to transabdominal TME in patients with rectal cancer. Well-designed randomized trials are warranted to further verify these results.

Appendectomy Does Not Increase the Risk of Future Emergence of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482198903
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Ishizuka ◽  
Norisuke Shibuya ◽  
Kazutoshi Takagi ◽  
Hiroyuki Hachiya ◽  
Kazuma Tago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Observation Period

Objective To explore the impact of appendectomy history on emergence of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Background Although there are several studies to investigate the relationship between appendectomy history and emergence of PD, the results are still controversial. Methods We performed a comprehensive electronic search of the literature (the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and the Web of Science) up to April 2020 to identify studies that had employed databases allowing comparison of emergence of PD between patients with and those without appendectomy history. To integrate the impact of appendectomy history on emergence of PD, a meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to calculate the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the selected studies, and heterogeneity was analyzed using I2 statistics. Results Four studies involving a total of 6 080 710 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Among 1 470 613 patients with appendectomy history, 1845 (.13%) had emergences of PD during the observation period, whereas among 4 610 097 patients without appendectomy history, 6743 (.15%) had emergences of PD during the observation period. These results revealed that patients with appendectomy history and without appendectomy had almost the same emergence of PD (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, .87-1.20; P = .83; I2 = 87%). Conclusion This meta-analysis has demonstrated that there was no significant difference in emergence of PD between patients with and those without appendectomy history.

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