scholarly journals A cross-national comparison of medicinal plants used by the Miao, Yi and Lisu ethnic groups in Yanbian, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke-ru Wang ◽  
Cuo Nan ◽  
Rong Ding ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Ding-jian Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Family Names ◽  
Exchange Collision ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Background The Miao, Yi and Lisu ethnic groups all have traditional medicinal knowledge, and the unique climate and topography of Yanbian County make it rich in medicinal plants. So the exchange, collision and integration of medical cultures of ethnic minorities in Yanbian County have research significance. The study compared and analyzed the similarities and differences in the traditional medicinal usage of the Miao, Yi and Lisu ethnic groups in Yanbian, to provide the basis for the traditional medicinal culture and characteristics of the three medical systems in southwest China. Methods 36 sample plots were selected in this study and 5 sample quadrats were randomly set up in each plot to collect specimens. Identified the collected medicinal plant specimens, and sort out the catalog of medicinal plants of Miao medicine (MM), Yi medicine (YM) and Lisu medicine (LM) in Yanbian County. The catalog includes scientific name, family names, latin names, medicinal parts, and diseases treated, etc. The existing traditional doctors were interviewed to supplement the efficacy and usage of the medicinal plants in the catalog. Finally, the similarities and differences of the three medical systems were analyzed and sorted out the special medication in each ethnic group. Results Among the medicinal plants collected in the sample plot survey, 345 species of 299 genera and 109 families are used in the 3 medical systems. 102 species are shared-use in MM, YM and LM, among which Compositae (14 species, 14%), Labiatae (6 species, 6%), Polygonaceae (4 species, 4%) and Rosaceae (4 species, 4%) were the dominant families. The statistical data shows that the Jaccard similarity index (JI) of the MM and YM is the highest (47.6%), and the whole similarity percentage of the drug system is the highest (45.9%). A total of 18 special usages were used in MM, YM and LM in Yanbian. Conclusions The results show that a large number of shared-use medicinal plants in MM, YM and LM in Yanbian County. The reason may be the intersecting medicine collecting location, frequent market communications and exchanges, and the influence of Han medicine. The more similar geographic environment, vegetation types, lifestyles, and closer spatial distance have resulted in MM and YM in Yanbian County being more parallel than those of LM.

scholarly journals A Cross-National Comparison of Medicinal Plants used by the Miao, Yi and Lisu ethnic groups in Yanbian, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke-ru Wang ◽  
cuo Nan ◽  
Rong Ding ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Ding-jian Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Family Names ◽  
Other Information ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
Whole Plants

Abstract Background: Its backdrop of multiethnic living makes Yanbian County rich in national culture, and the unique climate and topography make this area rich in medicinal plants. The exchange, collision and integration of the medical cultures of ethnic groups in Yanbian County are of great research significance. The Miao, Yi and Lisu are the most populous ethnic groups in Yanbian. Therefore, in this study, we investigated, sorted and analyzed these three ethnic medical systems with the goal of providing a basis for the study of ethnic medicine in Southwest China.Methods: The medicinal plants of Miao medicine (MM), Yi medicine (YM) and Lisu medicine (LM) in Yanbian County were inventoried by identifying the collected plant specimens and interviewing the local ethnic doctors with a semistructured form. The inventory included scientific names, family names, Latin names, medicinal parts, diseases treated and other information on the medicinal plants. Finally, the Jaccard similarity index (JI), cluster analysis and functional equivalent species mining were used to preliminarily analyze the similarities and differences of the three ethnic medical systems.Results: A total of 345 medicinal plants (from 109 families and 299 genera) and 18 unreported special situations of medicinal plant use were recorded and documented in our ethnobotanical investigation of the three medical systems. There were 102 species of medicinal plants with shared uses in MM, YM and LM, among which the families with the most species were Compositae (14 species, 14%), Labiatae (6 species, 6%), Polygonaceae (4 species, 4%) and Rosaceae (4 species, 4%). In the three medical systems, these medicinal plants are used to treat 12 types of disease, and the most commonly used medicinal parts are whole plants, roots and rhizomes. The statistical data showed that the JI of MM and YM was the highest (47.6%), and the overall similarity of these medical systems was the highest among all comparisons (45.9%). The results showed that in Yanbian, MM and YM were more similar than LM.Conclusions: The Miao, Yi and Lisu groups in the study area have inherited a wealth of ethnic medicine knowledge but are in great danger of losing this knowledge. The results of this study fill the existing knowledge gaps concerning MM, YM and LM in Yanbian, and the almost complete dataset can allow us to preserve ethnic medicine knowledge and carry out a global analysis. The important shared-use medicinal plants in the three medical systems can be used as the basis for future research on new drug resources.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural analysis of medicinal plant use practice in four (Gurage, Mareqo, Qebena and Silti) ethnic communities in south central Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemtshay Teka ◽  
Zemede Asfaw ◽  
Sebsebe Demissew ◽  
Patrick Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Jaccard Similarity ◽  
South Central ◽  
The World

Abstract Background: Ethnic groups throughout the world have developed their own cultures expressed in the form of customs, taboos and traditional healthcare systems. Traditional medicine system is one of the widespread cultures known throughout the world which is very much tied to cultural practices of the community or ethnic group. Medicinal plant treasure found in Gurage and Silti Zones remained poorly characterized and understood. Therefore, this study was conducted in four ethnic groups (viz. Gurage, Qebena, Mareqo and Silti) which have lived in close proximity and contact for many centuries in the two Zones. In the present study unique and shared cultural elements in connection to traditional herbal medicine were examined through investigation of the diversity of medicinal plants. Moreover, attempts have been made to determine similarities among the society in the medicinal plants they have used in general and in medicinal plant species considered culturally most important.Methods: In a study that involved 320 randomly samples informants semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, participant observation were used and qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Descriptive statistics, rank order priority (ROP), Jaccard similarity coefficient and clustering were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 244 medicinal plant species and a fungal species used to treat human and/or livestock ailments were documented. The number of plants (80 plants, 33 %) with ROP value greater than 50% is considerably smaller than that of plants with ROP < 50% (164, 67 %). Jaccard similarity index and clustering analysis for all cited plants, among the respective studied districts, indicated that grouping generally followed the existing ethnic origin. On the contrary, clustering based on culturally important medicinal plant species (80 plant species, score ROP ≥ 50%) showed the influence of proximity and geographical orientation rather than ethnic relation. Conclusions: Culturally most important plants (80 spp.) are widely used and best shared with nearby communities and this could imply current (new) knowledge being practiced in the community. This knowledge must be documented and better utilized in a modern way including modernized use of traditional medicinal plants.

scholarly journals Medicinal plant use practice in four ethnic communities (Gurage, Mareqo, Qebena and Silti), South Central Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemtshay Teka ◽  
Zemede Asfaw ◽  
Sebsebe Demissew ◽  
Patrick Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Jaccard Similarity ◽  
South Central ◽  
The World

Abstract Background: Ethnic groups throughout the world have developed their own cultures expressed in the form of customs, taboos and traditional healthcare systems. Traditional medicine system is one of the widespread cultures known throughout the world which is very much tied to cultural practices of the community or ethnic group. Medicinal plant treasure found in Gurage and Silti Zones remained poorly characterized and understood. Therefore, this study was conducted in four ethnic groups: three from Gurage zone (Gurage, Qebena and Mareqo) and one from Silti zone (Silti) which have lived in close proximity and contact for many centuries in the respective Zones. In the present study unique and shared cultural elements in connection to traditional herbal medicine were examined through investigation of the diversity of medicinal plants. Moreover, attempts have been made to determine similarities among the society in the medicinal plants they have used in general and in medicinal plant species considered culturally most important.Methods: In a study that involved 320 randomly sampled informants semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, participant observation were used and qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Descriptive statistics, rank order priority (ROP), informant consensus factor, jaccard similarity coefficient and clustering were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 244 medicinal plant species and a fungal species used to treat human and/or livestock ailments were documented. The number of plants (80 plants, 33 %) with ROP value greater than 50% is considerably smaller than that of plants with ROP < 50% (164, 67 %). Jaccard similarity index and clustering analysis for all cited plants, among the respective studied districts, indicated that grouping generally followed the existing ethnic origin. On the contrary, clustering based on culturally important medicinal plant species (80 plant species, score ROP ≥ 50%) showed the influence of proximity and geographical orientation rather than ethnic relation. Conclusions: Culturally most important plants (80 spp.) are widely used and best shared with nearby communities and this could imply current (new) knowledge being practiced in the community. This knowledge must be documented and better utilized in a modern way including modernized use of traditional medicinal plants.

In-vivo evaluation of lipid lowering ability of Chloris paraguaiensis extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Pavani C H
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
And Control

Hyperlipidemia is the immediate results of the excessive fat intake in food. This results in the elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. This leads to heart conditions like CAD, hypertension, congestive heart failure as risk factors which can be lethal. There are many drugs to treat and control the lipids levels in the body. These drugs are either designed to prevent LDL accumulation and VLDL synthesis. Some drugs also lower the elevated levels of saturated lipids in the body. But many drugs are known to cause side effects and adverse effects; therefore, alternatives to the drugs are the subjects for current investigations. Herbs and medicinal plants are used as treatment sources for many years. They have been used in the Indian medical systems like Ayurveda, Siddha etc. As the application of herbs in the treatment is growing, there is an urgent need for the establishment of Pharmacological reasoning and standardization of the activity of the medicinal plants. Chloris paraguaiensis Steud. is Poyaceae member that is called locally as Uppugaddi. Traditionally it is used to treat Rheumatism, Diabetes, fever and diarrhoea. The chemical constituents are known to have anti-oxidant properties and most of the anti-oxidants have anti-hyperlipidemic activity too. Since the plant has abundant flavonoid and phenol content, the current research focusses on the investigation of the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the plant Chloris extracts. Extracts of Chloris at 200mg/kg showed a comparably similar anti hyperlipidemia activity to that of the standard drug. The extracts showed a dose based increase in the activity at 100 and 200mg/kg body weight.

scholarly journals Representing, commemorating, and memorizing terrorist attacks: Discussing the US and French experiences

2021 ◽  
pp. 263300242110244
Author(s):  
Alice M. Greenwald ◽  
Clifford Chanin ◽  
Henry Rousso ◽  
Michel Wieviorka ◽  
Mohamed-Ali Adraoui
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Places Of Memory ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Do So

How do societies and states represent the historical, moral, and political weight of the terrorist attacks they have had to face? Having suffered in recent years from numerous terrorist attacks on their soil originating from jihadist movements, and often led by actors who were also their own citizens, France and the United States have set up—or seek to do so—places of memory whose functions, conditions of creation, modes of operation, and nature of the messages sent may vary. Three of the main protagonists and initiators of two museum-memorial projects linked to terrorist attacks have agreed to deliver their visions of the role and of the political, social, and historical context in which these projects have emerged. Allowing to observe similarities and differences between the American and French approach, this interview sheds light on the place of memory and feeling in societies struck by tragic events and seeking to cure their ills through memory and commemoration.

scholarly journals Actualized inventory of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in Oaxaca, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cruz-Pérez Alejandra Lucía ◽  
Barrera-Ramos Jacqueline ◽  
Bernal-Ramírez Luis Alberto ◽  
Bravo-Avilez David ◽  
Rendón-Aguilar Beatriz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background Oaxaca is one of the most diverse states in Mexico from biological and cultural points of view. Different ethnic groups living there maintain deep and ancestral traditional knowledge of medicinal plants as well as traditional practices and beliefs about diseases/illnesses and cures. Previous ethnobotanical research in this state has helped document this knowledge, but with the addition of more studies, more records appear. We updated the inventory of medicinal knowledge between the different ethnic groups that inhabit the Oaxacan territory. Methods A database was constructed from two sources: (1) original data from a 3-year project in 84 municipalities of Oaxaca inhabited by eight ethnic groups and (2) different electronic databases. Results Records of 1032 medicinal plants were obtained; 164 families were registered, with Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Rubiaceae being the most commonly used. A total of 770 species were reported in 14 vegetation types; the most important species came from temperate forests. Only 144 species corresponded to introduced species, and 272 were listed in a risk category. Illnesses of the digestive and genitourinary systems as well as culture-bound syndromes were treated with high numbers of medicinal plants. The Mestizo, Mixe, Mixtec, and Zapotec ethnic groups exhibited the greatest number of recorded medicinal plants. The 17 species that were used among almost all ethnic groups in Oaxaca were also used to cure the highest number of diseases. Discussion Inventories of medicinal plants confirm the persistence of traditional knowledge and reflect the need to recognize and respect this cosmovision. Many species are gathered in wild environments. The most important illnesses or diseases recorded in the present inventory are also mentioned in different studies, suggesting that they are common health problems in the rural communities of Mexico. Conclusions Medicinal plants are essential for ethnic groups in Oaxaca. It is necessary to recognize and understand the complex ancestral processes involved in the human-nature interaction and the role of these processes in the conservation of biodiversity and in the survivorship of ethnic groups that have persisted for centuries. Finally, this study serves as a wake-up call to respect those worldviews.

Ethnobotanical survey of an -diabe c plants applied in West of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
W Kouadri Boudjelthia ◽  
K Hammadi ◽  
M Kouidri ◽  
A Noui ◽  
N Djebli
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Valuable Data ◽  
Berberis Vulgaris ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Set Up

This study was carried out in order to set up an inventory list of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes for which an ethnobotanical test was carried out on 670 diabe c subjects in the Western region of Algeria (Chlef, Mostaganem, Mascara, Oran, Sidi-bel-Abbes, Saida and Tiaret) using a survey. 24 an hyperglycemic medicinal plants were listed of which Berberis vulgaris, Zygophyllum geslini, Erythraea centaurium and Olea eu- ropea represented a broad spectrum of use. Likewise, the an hyperglycemic recipes were prepared mainly in decoc on (45.37%) and infusion (39.62%), and from leaves (42%) and aerial parts (16%). A very valuable data base has been reported for further research, especially for some elds such as phytochemistry and phytopharmacology that aim to identify new natural principles.

Medicinal Plants of Morni Hills, Shivalik Range, Panchkula, Haryana

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Acharya Balkrishna ◽  
◽  
Anupam Srivastava ◽  
B.K. Shukla ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Local People ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Plant Exploration ◽  
Family Names ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Hills Area

During plant exploration and survey of Morni Hills, Panchkula, Haryana (2017-2018) the authors collected about 2200 field numbers from different localities. Out of them, 323 species belonging to 251 genera and 92 families are medicinal plants. The information about medicinal properties of these plants has been gathered during field trips of Morni Hills from local vaidyas and local people of remote localities. The enumeration is alphabetically arranged, followed by their family names, local/common names, plant parts used for curing diseases and medicinal uses. These plant species are utilized by local people against various diseases in Morni Hills area.

scholarly journals Személynév – etnikai sztereotípia – előítélet

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Takács
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Prototype Theory ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes ◽  
Family Names ◽  
Positive Discrimination

Personal name – ethnic stereotypes – prejudices. Findings of an examination The paper examines categorization and stereotypes from the perspective of social psychology, using the findings of so-called type creation and prototype theory. In connection with a group of personal names, i.e. the names that can be related to Roma ethnic groups, the author analyses the processes of developing stereotypes and prejudices, focusing primarily on how proper names as potential information sources to judge ethnic categories are involved in developing stereotypes. The author’s findings show that the correlation between the examined ethnic-marking first and/or family names (Levente Szabó, Bence Orsós, Rikárdó Kovács, Renátó Lakatos) and the assessments of the papers handed in is insignificant. Even the strongest correlation based on variation analysis is insignificant, which means that the results deduced from over 300 assessments examined by the author do not support the assumed connection between ethno-stereotypical names and lower grades in school. With respect to the examined typical ethnic-marking name form consisting of both a first and a family name (Renátó Lakatos) positive discrimination cannot be unambiguously proven either on the basis of the materials at hand.

scholarly journals Medicinal plants used by tribal and rural community of Sata Pokhran area of tehsil Pampore of district Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir-India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Shahijahan Dar ◽  
◽  
GH. Nabi Joo ◽  
Showkat Ahmad Ganaie ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Mode Of Administration ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Family Names ◽  
Whole Plant

Man has used plants since time immemorial to alleviate sufferings and ailments. The present study attempts to explore and document the medicinal plants used against several diseases by the tribal and rural community of Sata Pokhran area of district Pulwama. During the survey from March to September 2017, a total of 28 different plant species belonging to equal number of genera and 16 different families were found to be used as effective remedies. The present study revealed that either whole plant or some plant parts are used to cure different diseases. It was also observed that majority of plant species are used to treat more than one disease and likewise more than one plant species is used to treat a particular disease. The scientific, local and family names of these medicinal plants along with their parts used, mode of administration and ethno medicinal uses are presented in this paper

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