scholarly journals Correlation Between COVID-19 Severity, Body Mass Index and Hepatic Steatosis: A Retrograde Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham Qandeel ◽  
Raed Tayyem ◽  
Jehad Fataftah ◽  
Muhannad Qasem ◽  
Rawan Sami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adjusted Association ◽  
Time Of Admission

Abstract Background Obesity and fatty liver steatosis are already considered metabolic risk factors that may aggravate the severity of COVID-19. This study aims to investigate the correlation between COVID-19 severity, body mass index, and hepatic steatosis. MethodsConsecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, admitted to a hospital devoted to COVID-19 patients, were enrolled in the study. COVID-19 severity was classified as severe versus non-severe based on the condition at time of admission to ICU. Obesity was assessed by Body Mass Index (BMI). CT-scan of the patient liver was used to check for the hepatic steatosis. Fibrosis-4 score was calculated.Results230 patients were enrolled in this study. Obesity strongly and positively correlated with severe COVID-19 illness. Hepatic steatosis had rather less of a correlation with COVID-19 severity. Multivariable-adjusted association between hepatic steatosis or obesity, or both (as exposure) and COVID-19 severity (as the outcome) revealed an increased risk of severe COVID-19 illness with obesity, with hepatic steatosis, and with hepatic steatosis among obese patients. ConclusionsBMI remained the most noticeable factor that strongly correlated with COVID-19 severity. Obesity even in the absence of hepatic steatosis greatly increased the risk of severe COVID-19. This association remained significant after adjusting for likely confounders. The presence of liver steatosis even in non-obese patients increased the risk of severe COVID-19 but to a much lesser degree compared to obesity. The risk of steatosis to COVID-19 severity was greater in those with than those without obesity. This association also remained significant after adjusting for likely confounders

scholarly journals Frequency of Genital Infections According to Body Mass Index in Dapagliflozin-treated Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. e1-e4
Author(s):  
Gottfried Rudofsky ◽  
Tanja Haenni ◽  
John Xu ◽  
Eva Johnsson
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Three Body

Abstract Genital infections are associated with sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin. Since patients with Type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of genital infections, and obesity is a risk factor for infections, obese patients with Type 2 diabetes could be more susceptible to genital infections when treated with sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors. This pooled dataset assessed the frequency of genital infections according to baseline body mass index in patients treated with dapagliflozin 10 mg. Data were pooled from 13 studies of up to 24 weeks’ duration (dapagliflozin N=2 360; placebo N=2 295). Frequency of genital infections was compared between three body mass index subgroups (<30, ≥30−< 35 and ≥35 kg/m2). Genital infections were reported in 130 (5.5%) patients receiving dapagliflozin and 14 (0.6%) patients receiving placebo; none of which were serious. Genital infections were more common in women (84/130 [64.6%]) than in men (46/130 [35.4%]) treated with dapagliflozin. In the body mass index < 30, ≥ 30−< 35 and ≥ 35 kg/m2 dapagliflozin-treated subgroups, 38/882 (4.3%), 47/796 (5.9%) and 45/682 (6.6%) patients presented with genital infections, respectively. Although the frequency was low overall and relatively similar between subgroups, there was a trend towards an increase in genital infections in patients with a higher body mass index. This trend is unlikely to be clinically relevant or to affect suitability of dapagliflozin as a treatment option for obese patients with Type 2 diabetes, but rather should influence advice and counselling of overweight patients on prevention and treatment of genital infections.

scholarly journals Association of Body Image and Body Mass Index with psychological outcomes in obese patients.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Campedelli ◽  
Chiara Ciacchella ◽  
Giorgio Veneziani ◽  
Irene Meniconzi ◽  
Emanuela Paone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Relevant Role

Abstract PurposeThe purpose of this study was to test whether higher dissatisfaction with one's own body image, majorly than the body mass index (BMI), may be associated with higher levels of psychopathological aspects, hopelessness feelings, and psychophysical health. MethodsFifty-nine patients undergoing bariatric surgery filled out the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, the Body Uneasiness Test, the 12-item Short Form Survey, the Beck Inventory Scale II, and the Beck Hopelessness Scale. Correlations and multiple regressions between measures were performed.ResultsDissatisfaction with the perception of one's own body image was strongly correlated with a worse psychophysiological health. On the contrary, BMI showed no significant correlation with the previous variables. Furthermore, the perception of one's own body image significantly predicted the state of psychological health.ConclusionThe findings of the present study showed a more relevant role of body image compared to the BMI in the association with psychological outcomes suggesting the importance to consider body image in the assessment and treatment of obese patients. Level of evidencelevel II, evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials without randomization.

Prevalence and Predictors of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Department of Defense Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Reha ◽  
Sukhyung Lee ◽  
Luke J. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a silent liver disease that can lead to inflammation and subsequent scaring. If left untreated, cirrhosis may ensue. Morbidly obese patients are at an increased risk of NASH. We report the prevalence and predictors of NASH in patients undergoing morbid obesity surgery. A retrospective review was conducted on morbidly obese patients undergoing weight reduction surgery from September 2005 through December 2008. A liver biopsy was performed at the time of surgery. Patients who had a history of hepatitis infection or previous alcohol dependency were excluded. Prevalence of NASH was studied. Predictors of NASH among clinical and biochemical variables were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. One hundred thirteen patients were analyzed (84% female; mean age, 42.6 ± 11.4 years; mean body mass index, 45.1 ± 5.7 kg/m2). Sixty-one patients had systemic hypertension (54%) and 35 patients had diabetes (31%). The prevalence of NASH in this study population was 35 per cent (40 of 113). An additional 59 patients (52%) had simple steatosis without NASH. Only 14 patients had normal liver histology. On multivariate analysis, only elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (greater than 41 IU/L) was the independent predictor for NASH (odds ratio, 5.85; confidence interval, 1.06 to 32.41). Patient age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and abnormal alanine aminotransferase did not predict NASH. NASH is a common finding in obese population. Abnormal AST was the only predictive factor for NASH.

Impact of Body Mass Index on Perioperative Outcomes of Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Jae Lee ◽  
Anni Wong ◽  
Andrey Filimonov ◽  
Neel R. Sangal ◽  
Sei Yeon Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Pituitary Surgery ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Unplanned Readmission ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Endoscopic pituitary surgery (EPS) is increasingly being used for the treatment of pituitary lesions. Obesity is a growing epidemic in our nation associated with numerous comorbidities known to impact surgical outcomes. We present a multi-institutional database study evaluating the association between body mass index (BMI) and postsurgical outcomes of EPS. Methods Patients who underwent EPS from 2005 to 2013 were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Preoperative variables, comorbidities, and postoperative outcomes, such as 30-day complications, morbidity, and mortality, were analyzed. Results A total of 789 patients were analyzed, of which 382 were obese (BMI ≥ 30) (48.4%). No difference in reoperation rate ( P = .928) or unplanned readmission rates ( P = .837) was found between the obese versus nonobese group. A higher overall complication rate was observed in the obese group compared to the nonobese counterparts ( P = .005). However, when separated into surgical complications (3.7% vs 1.5%, P = .068) and medical complications (7.6% vs 3.9%, P = .027), only medical complications, specifically pneumonia, remained significantly different. EPS on obese patients was also associated with prolonged operating time (154.8 min vs 141.0 min, P = .011). Conclusions EPS may be a safe treatment option for pituitary lesions in the obese population. Although obese patients undergoing EPS are at increased risk of medical complications and prolonged operating times, this did not influence mortality, reoperation, or readmission rate.

The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Organism-Specific Peritonitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dev Jegatheesan ◽  
David W. Johnson ◽  
Yeoungjee Cho ◽  
Elaine M. Pascoe ◽  
Darsy Darssan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Fungal Peritonitis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Culture Negative

Background Obesity is increasingly prevalent worldwide, and a greater number of patients initiate renal replacement therapy with a high body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to evaluate the association between BMI and organism-specific peritonitis. Methods All adult patients who initiated peritoneal dialysis (PD) in Australia between January 2004 and December 2013 were included. Data were accessed through the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) Registry. The co-primary outcomes of this study were time to first organism-specific peritonitis episode, specifically gram-positive, gram-negative, culture-negative, and fungal. Secondary outcomes were individual rates of organism-specific peritonitis for the same 4 microbiological categories. Results There were 7,381 peritonitis episodes among the 8,343 incident PD patients evaluated. After multivariable adjustment, obese patients (BMI 30 – 34.9 kg/m2) had an increased risk of fungal peritonitis (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18 – 2.42), very obese patients (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) had a significantly higher risk of gram-positive peritonitis (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02 – 1.30), while both obese and very obese patients experienced significantly higher risks of gram-negative peritonitis (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.11 – 1.50 and HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.08 – 1.57, respectively) compared with patients with normal BMI (20 – 24.9 kg/m2). Obesity and severe obesity were independently associated with increased incidence rate ratios of all forms of organism-specific peritonitis with a non-significant trend for severe obesity and gram-negative peritonitis association. Conclusion Among Australian patients, obesity and severe obesity are associated with significantly increased rates of gram-positive, gram-negative, fungal, and culture-negative peritonitis.

scholarly journals The Association of Obesity and Liver Enzyme Activities in a Student Population at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease / Veza Između Gojaznosti I Aktivnosti Jetrenih Enzima U Studentskoj Populaciji Sa Povećanim Rizikom Za Nastanak Kardiovaskularnih Bolesti

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Ivana Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Summary Background: It has been reported that obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk but also with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of liver enzymes: AST, ALT and γGT in a group of obese students in order to establish their correlation to anthropometric parameters such as: BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) compared to non-obese students who comprised the control group (CG). Methods: In this study, 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women) with a mean age of 22.32 ± 1.85 years were included. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) lower and higher than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the obese group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). AST, ALT and γGT activities were determined in fasting blood samples. Results: Statistical processing data revealed significantly higher values of AST, ALT and γGT in the group of students with BMI>25 kg/m2, WC>94 cm for males and WC>80 cm for females, HC>108 cm for males and HC>111 cm for females, and WHR>0.90 for males and WHR>0.80 for females (P<0.001). Significant association was established between anthropometric parameters and liver enzyme levels (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Obese students with higher BMI, WC, HC and WHR values have higher liver enzyme activites and a higher chance to develop NAFLD in the future.

scholarly journals Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Scottish South Asian and Caucasian Youth

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4667
Author(s):  
Meizi Wang ◽  
Jianhua Ying ◽  
Ukadike Chris Ugbolue ◽  
Duncan S. Buchan ◽  
Yaodong Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Asian Adolescents ◽  
Individual Risk Factors

(1) Background: Scotland has one of the highest rates of obesity in the Western World, it is well established that poor weight profiles, and particularly abdominal obesity, is strongly associated with Type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Whether these associations are apparent in ethnic population groups in Scotland is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between different measures of fatness with clustered cardio metabolic risk factors between Scottish South Asian adolescents and Scottish Caucasian adolescents; (2) Methods: A sample of 208 Caucasian adolescents and 52 South Asian adolescents participated in this study. Stature, waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure, physical activity, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk were measured; (3) Results: Significant, partial correlations in the South Asian cohort between body mass index (BMI) and individual risk factors were generally moderate. However, correlations between Waist circumference (WC) and individual risk factors were significant and strong. In the Caucasian cohort, a significant yet weak correlation between WC and total cholesterol (TG) was noted although no other associations were evident for either WC or BMI. Multiple regression analysis revealed that both BMI and WC were positively associated with CCR (p < 0.01) in the South Asian group and with the additional adjustment of either WC or BMI, the independent associations with clustered cardio-metabolic risk (CCR) remained significant (p < 0.005); (4) Conclusions: No positive relationships were found between BMI, WC, and CCR in the Caucasian group. Strong and significant associations between measures of fatness and metabolic risk were evident in Scottish South Asian adolescents.

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of atrial fibrillation stratified by body mass index: a nationwide population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Ryoung Lee ◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
Eue-Keun Choi ◽  
Seil Oh ◽  
Gregory Y. H. Lip
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe evaluated the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) and analyzed the impact of NAFLD on AF risk in relation to body mass index (BMI). A total of 8,048,055 subjects without significant liver disease who were available fatty liver index (FLI) values were included. Subjects were categorized into 3 groups based on FLI: < 30, 30 to < 60, and ≥ 60. During a median 8-year of follow-up, 534,442 subjects were newly diagnosed as AF (8.27 per 1000 person-years). Higher FLI was associated with an increased risk of AF (hazard ratio [HR] 1.053, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.046–1.060 in 30 ≤ FLI < 60, and HR 1.115, 95% CI 1.106–1.125 in FLI ≥ 60). In underweight subjects (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), higher FLI raised the risk of AF (by 1.6-fold in 30 ≤ FLI < 60 and by twofold in FLI ≥ 60). In normal- and overweight subjects, higher FLI was associated with an increased risk of AF, but the HRs were attenuated. In obese subjects, higher FLI was not associated with higher risk of AF. NAFLD as assessed by FLI was independently associated with an increased risk of AF in nonobese subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2. The impact of NAFLD on AF risk was accentuated in lean subjects with underweight.

scholarly journals Higher body mass index is associated with larger postoperative improvement in patient-reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Giesinger ◽  
JM Giesinger ◽  
DF Hamilton ◽  
J Rechsteiner ◽  
A Ladurner
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Total knee arthroplasty is known to successfully alleviate pain and improve function in endstage knee osteoarthritis. However, there is some controversy with regard to the influence of obesity on clinical benefits after TKA. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on improvement in pain, function and general health status following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods A single-centre retrospective analysis of primary TKAs performed between 2006 and 2016 was performed. Data were collected preoperatively and 12-month postoperatively using WOMAC score and EQ-5D. Longitudinal score change was compared across the BMI categories identified by the World Health Organization. Results Data from 1565 patients [mean age 69.1, 62.2% women] were accessed. Weight distribution was: 21.2% BMI < 25.0 kg/m2, 36.9% BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2, 27.0% BMI 30.0–34.9 kg/m2, 10.2% BMI 35.0–39.9 kg/m2, and 4.6% BMI ≥ 40.0 kg/m2. All outcome measures improved between preoperative and 12-month follow-up (p < 0.001). In pairwise comparisons against normal weight patients, patients with class I-II obesity showed larger improvement on the WOMAC function and total score. For WOMAC pain improvements were larger for all three obesity classes. Conclusions Post-operative improvement in joint-specific outcomes was larger in obese patients compared to normal weight patients. These findings suggest that obese patients may have the greatest benefits from TKA with regard to function and pain relief one year post-op. Well balanced treatment decisions should fully account for both: Higher benefits in terms of pain relief and function as well as increased potential risks and complications. Trial registration This trial has been registered with the ethics committee of Eastern Switzerland (EKOS; Project-ID: EKOS 2020–00,879)

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