scholarly journals Amelioration of Cadmium-induced Oxidative Damage in Wistar Rats by Vitamin C, Zinc and N-Acetylcysteine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkataramanaiah Poli ◽  
Renuka Madduru ◽  
Srinivasulu Reddy Motireddy
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Tissue Respiration ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cd Toxicity ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The present study was performed to determine the protective effects of Vitamin C, Zinc and N-Acetylcysteine individually or in combinations with Cd, to monitor amelioration capability against Cd-induced oxidative damage in Wistar rats. Nine groups of rats were studied as experimental group. The present experiment was conducted for 45 days. Liver and kidneys were excised for biochemical determinations through assaying of antioxidant enzymes and lipid oxidation products to assess the impact of Cd-toxicity and its amelioration by co-administration of Vitamin C, Zinc and NAC along with Cd. Basal Metabolic rates, Tissue Respiration rates of liver and kidney were found to be significantly decreased (p < 0.05) during Cd toxicity. Serum biochemical parameters were also found to be significantly altered to cope up with Cd toxicity. All the antioxidant enzymes and products were significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) or elevated in rat liver and kidney tissues during Cd-induced toxicity. Whereas with co-administration of Vitamin C, Zinc and NAC, into rats clearly demonstrates the amelioration of oxidative damage induced by Cd-toxicity. From the results obtained in the present study all the agents tested had protective effects against Cd-induced oxidative damage.

Acute effects of methiocarb on oxidative damage and the protective effects of vitamin E and taurine in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Ozden ◽  
Betul Catalgol ◽  
Selda Gezginci-Oktayoglu ◽  
Ayse Karatug ◽  
Sehnaz Bolkent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Liver And Kidney

scholarly journals Microscopic and biochemical changes on liver and kidney of Wistar rats on combination antiretroviral therapy: the impact of naringenin and quercetin

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-608
Author(s):  
Edidiong Nnamso Akang ◽  
Olufunke O Dosumu ◽  
Ini-ibehe Essien Okoko ◽  
Oluwatomisin Faniyan ◽  
Ademola A Oremosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), which is a lifelong therapy for people living with human immunodeficiency virus, has been associated with nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity leading to its discontinuation. This study aimed at investigating the ameliorative potential of naringenin and quercetin on cART-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Seventy male Wistar rats (225–260 g) were divided into seven groups as control, cART, naringenin, quercetin, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), naringenin/cART (CN) and quercetin/cART (CQ). cART (24 mg/kg), naringenin (50 mg/kg) and quercetin (50 mg/kg) were dissolved in 1% v/v DMSO and administered orally for 56 days. Combination of cART and bioflavonoids had significant increase in superoxide dismutase (P &lt; 0.05), catalase (P &lt; 0.01), reduced glutathione (P &lt; 0.001) and decreased malondialdehyde (P &lt; 0.001) compared to cART only. Tumor necrosis factor Alpha (TNFα) level increased significantly in cART and CQ (P &lt; 0.01) groups, while others showed no significant changes compared to control. TNFα also significantly decreased in CQ level compared to cART (P &lt; 0.001). In addition, significant increase in creatinine level in cART only indicated progressive renal toxicity. Also, progressive pathological changes including congested blood vessels and hepatocellular necrosis were found in the liver, while the kidney had glomerular atrophy, and tubular distortion in cART-only group. Control, naringenin- and quercetin-treated groups showed normal renal and hepatic cytoarchitecture. These findings elucidate that progressive renal and hepatic toxicity is associated with the continuous use of cART; however, a combination of quercetin and naringenin with cART showed possible potential of ameliorating the damages posed by cART.

Zingerone prevents lead‐induced toxicity in liver and kidney tissues by regulating the oxidative damage in Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insha Amin ◽  
Ishraq Hussain ◽  
Muneeb U. Rehman ◽  
Bilal Ahmad Mir ◽  
Showkat Ahmad Ganaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

scholarly journals Hepato-Renal-Curative Effect of the Herbal Supplement of Aloe vera Linn Gel versus Moringa oleifera on Acetaminophen-Induced Damage on the Liver and Kidney of Wistar Rats (Rattus novergicus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Chukwunyere Ogechi Abaekwume ◽  
Hope Delesi Kagbo
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Herbal Supplement ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Animal House

Background: Acetaminophen (APAP, paracetamol) is the most frequently used over-the counter analgesic and antipyretic drug. Conversely, its overdose leads to both liver and kidney damage. Several scientific reports have focused majorly on protective effects of medicinal plants on APAP –induced hepato-renal-toxicity. actually, there is a dearth of work on the hepato-renal-curative effects of the herbal drugs supplements on APAP induced toxicity. Aims: In the present study, Aloe vera (ALOV) gel versus Moringa oleifera (MORN) leaf supplement effects was evaluated curatively against Acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepato- renal-toxicity.  Study Design:  This study was an experimental study in the Animal House of the Department of Pharmacology University of Port Harcourt. The work lasted for 7 days. Methodology: Twenty adult wistar rats weighing 185-220 g were divided into four (4) groups of five (5) animals each and treated orally as follows: group 1(normal control) received distilled water (7days), group 2 received 1 g/kg acetaminophen (APAP) (2 days), whereas group 3-4  received APAP (2 days) followed by 500 mg/kg of ALOV and MORN supplements respectively for 5 days. At the end of the experiment, animals from different groups were anaesthesized, the liver and kidney tissues were dissected and blood collected subjected to different biochemical, antioxidants, and histopathological test. Statistical Analysis: was done using One-Way Anova followed by Tukey’s Post-hoc Test. Results: APAP caused significant (P<0.05) decrease in creatinine with significant (P<0.01) increase and decrease in liver enzymes and renal catalase levels respectively in relation to normal control. Treatment of rats with the ALOV and MORN supplements attenuated the elevated liver and kidney biochemistry as well as improved histopathological alterations by APAP treatment. Conclusion: The supplements demonstrated restorative ability. MORN and ALOV supplements extract can be suggested as a convincing remedy against APAP-induced hepato-renal-toxicity.

scholarly journals The Protective Effects of Melatonin on Aluminum-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Othman ◽  
Mohamed A. Fareid ◽  
Reda S. Abdel Hameed ◽  
Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Liver Transaminases

Aluminum (Al) is a ubiquitous element with known toxicity for both humans and animals. Herein, we aimed to investigate the potential role of melatonin (MEL) in hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity following aluminum chloride (AlCl3) treatment in rats. Adult male rats were treated with AlCl3 (34 mg/kg bwt) for eight weeks. Exposure to AlCl3 enhanced the serum activities of the liver transaminases (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) and increased the level of bilirubin, in addition to the serum kidney function markers urea and creatinine. AlCl3 intoxication boosted oxidative stress, as evidenced by increases in the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) along with simultaneous decreases in the levels of glutathione (GSH), various antioxidant enzymes, and Nrf2 mRNA expression. MEL (5 mg/kg bwt) treatment repressed LPO and NO levels, whereas it augmented GSH content. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes GPx, SOD, CAT, and GR were also restored concomitantly when MEL was administered before AlCl3. MEL also suppressed the apoptotic effect of AlCl3 by enhancing Bcl-2 protein expression in the liver and kidney and decreasing the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Histopathological findings in the liver and kidney tissues confirmed the beneficial effect of MEL against AlCl3 toxicity. These findings indicate that MEL prevents AlCl3 toxicity by enhancing the antioxidant defense system.

Protective Effects of Crocetin on Depression-like Behavior Induced by Immobilization in Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Fariborz Samini ◽  
Ali Rajabpour Sanati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chronic Restraint Stress ◽  
Stress Group ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
The Brain

Background & Objective: Crocetin, an active ingredient of saffron, has been recognized as a potent antioxidant. Plant extracts or their components may be useful in ameliorating the various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. This study investigated the effects of crocetin on oxidative damage induced by chronic restraint stress in the rat brain. For this reason, rats were kept in the restrainers for 1 hour every day, for 21 consecutive days. The animals were injected crocetin (20, 40, 60 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for 21 days. Findings showed that the immobility time significantly increased in the rodents subjected to the chronic stress compared with the normal group. However, the number of crossing beams in the rats submitted to the chronic stress significantly decreased versus the non-stress rats. Treatment with crocetin ameliorated the immobility time and the number of crossing in the chronic restraint stress rats versus the non-treated stress group. Crocetin also reverted the levels of MDA and GSH and also the activities of antioxidant enzymes to the normal levels in the stress groups. Conclusion: The present study suggests that crocetin may be useful for the management of depressantlike effects induced by chronic stress through decreasing oxidative damage in the brain.

scholarly journals The potential protective effects of malacca (Phyllanthus emblica L.) extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
ETRINA MELINDA ◽  
ERMI GIRSANG ◽  
ALI NAPIAH NASUTION
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chemotherapy Agent ◽  
Sample Extract ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Impact

Doxorubicin as a chemotherapy agent is most widely used in cancer treatment. Long-term use at a predetermined dose has a side effect, namely cardiotoxicity. Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is considered to be caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is also characterized by increasing CK-MB enzyme levels in the blood. To reduce the impact of doxorubin-induced toxicity, a study was conducted on natural antioxidant sources with cardioprotective capabilities in vivo. Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit was used as a sample for a natural source of antioxidants extracted using ethanol. Then performed a phytochemical screening of secondary metabolites contained in it. This extract was administered orally in various doses to the experimental animal Wistar rats and the induced doxorubicin to these animals. The CK-MB enzyme levels were measured, and the heart organ histopathology test was performed. The results of this study indicate that P. emblica L. fruit extract contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, and triterpenoids compounds. Extract treatment at a 400 mg/kg BW dose showed the best reduction in CK-MB levels with great improvements in regular arrangement and shape of myocardial muscle cells of cardiac tissue. The sample extract at a 400 mg/kg BW dose showed remarkably decreasing of CK-MB great improvements of heart tissue on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. This study showed the potential protective effect of P. emblica L. against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Diethylnitrosamine aggravates cadmium-induced hepatorenal oxidative damage in prepubertal rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 537-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon E Owumi ◽  
Uche J Dim ◽  
Eseroghene S Najophe
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Prepubertal Rats ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
The Impact

The adverse health consequences of environmental, occupational, and dietary exposure to either diethylnitrosamine (DEN) or cadmium (Cd) have been widely investigated. However, because most environmental exposures to xenobiotics do not occur in isolation but in mixtures, the effects of simultaneous exposure to both DEN and Cd on hepatorenal function deserves investigation. The present study investigated the impact of 7 days oral co-exposure to 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of DEN and 5 mg/kg b.w. of Cd on biomarkers of hepatic and renal functions, antioxidant defense systems, and oxidative stress indices in the liver and kidney of prepubertal rats. The results showed that the significant ( p < 0.05) increases in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, urea, and creatinine following separate administration of DEN and Cd to rats were further increased in the co-exposure group. Moreover, marked decreases in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase as well as glutathione levels following individual administration of DEN and Cd to rats were exacerbated in the co-exposure group. Further, the marked increase in the lipid peroxidation level and the histopathological lesions in the liver and kidney of rats treated with DEN or Cd alone were intensified in the co-exposure group These findings indicate that co-exposure to DEN and Cd elicited more severe hepatic and renal oxidative damage in the rats, thus suggesting a greater risk to humans who are co-exposed to them.

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