scholarly journals Physical activity associates with enhanced immunogenicity of an inactivated virus vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Gualano ◽  
Italo Lemes ◽  
Rafael Silva ◽  
Ana Pinto ◽  
Bruna Mazzolani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Vaccine Schedule ◽  
Vaccine Immunogenicity ◽  
Dose Vaccine

Abstract Immunocompromised individuals show lower vaccine immunogenicity, which may be modulated by physical activity. This prospective cohort study within a phase-4 vaccination trial investigated whether physical activity is associated with enhanced immunogenicity of Coronavac (SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) (n=898) and non-ARD (n=197) individuals without pre-existing immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 after receiving a two-dose vaccine schedule. Seroconversion rates of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG (SC), geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG (GMT), factor-increase in GMT (FI-GMT), frequency of neutralizing antibody (NAb), and median neutralizing activity were assessed. After controlling for covariates, active patients (≥150 min/week) exhibited greater SC (OR: 1.4 [95%CI: 1.1-2.0]), GMT (32% [95%CI: 8.8-60) and FI-GMT (33% [95%CI: 9.6-63%]) vs. inactive. Cluster analysis (physical activity/sedentary status) revealed greater GMT (43.0% [95% CI: 11.0-84.0%) and FI-GMT (48.0% [95%CI: 14.0-92.0%]) in active/non-sedentary (≥150 min/week/<8h/day) vs. inactive/sedentary (<150 min/week/>8h/day) ARD. A dose-response was observed, with greater benefits for ≥350 min/week of physical activity (OR: 1.6 [95%CI: 1.1-2.4]; 41% [95%CI: 10-80%]; 35% [95%CI: 4.3-74], for SC, GMT, and FI-GMT, respectively). Greater SC (OR: 9.9 [95%CI: 1.1-89.0]) and GMT (26% [95%CI: 2.2-56.0%]) were observed in active vs. inactive non-ARD. A physically active lifestyle may enhance SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity, a finding of particular clinical relevance for immunocompromised individuals.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Associates with Greater Antibody Persistence through 6 Months after the Second Dose of CoronaVac in Patients with Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Gualano ◽  
Ítalo R. Lemes ◽  
Rafael Silva ◽  
Ana Jessica Pinto ◽  
Bruna Mazzolani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Dose Schedule ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Antibody Persistence ◽  
Active Patients

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity and persistent anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies 6 months after two-dose schedule of CoronaVac in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) patients. This was a prospective cohort study within an open-label, single-arm, phase 4 vaccination trial (clinicaltrials.gov #NCT04754698), conducted at a tertiary referral hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. ARD patients aged ≥18 underwent a two-dose schedule of CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, China). Persistent immunogenicity 6 months after the full-course vaccination was assessed using seroconversion rates of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG, geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG (GMT), and frequency of positive neutralizing antibodies (NAb). Physical activity was assessed trough questionnaire (active being defined as ≥150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity). Physically active (n=421) and inactive (n=327) ARD patients were similar for most characteristics; however, active patients were significantly younger (p<0.001), had less chronic inflammatory arthritis (p<0.001) and less frequently used biologic agents (p<0.001) than inactive ones. Six months after full-course vaccination, being male (p<0.001), use of prednisone (p<0.01) and biologics (p<0.001) were associated with poor immunogenicity, while being physically active was associated with better humoral response (p<0.01). Adjusted point estimates from logistic regression models indicated greater odds of seroconversion rates (OR: 1.5 [95%CI: 1.1 to 2.1]) and NAb positivity (OR: 1.5 [95%CI: 1.0 to 2.1]) in physically active patients and approximately 43% greater GMT (42.8% [95%CI: 11.9 to 82.2]) than inactive ones. In conclusion, among immunocompromised patients, being physically active was associated with an increment in antibody persistence through 6 months after a full-course of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Physically Active Lifestyle on the Health of Former Professional Football Players

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Melekoğlu ◽  
Erdi Sezgin ◽  
Ali Işın ◽  
Ayşen Türk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Conduction Delay ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Intraventricular Conduction ◽  
Family Medical History ◽  
Active Lifestyles

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if a physically active lifestyle affects the health of former football players. Sixty former professional football players aged 40–50 years and who ended their sports career at least ten years ago were recruited for the study and grouped into two groups based on their physical activity habits after their retirement. Health and lifestyle characteristics were collected through a questionnaire to obtain information about recreational physical activity levels, diseases, family medical history, smoking, alcohol intake and dietary habits. Furthermore, lung functions, blood parameters and cardiovascular health were evaluated. Our results showed that body weight and body fat percentage were significantly higher in retired footballers who had a sedentary lifestyle compared to those who were physically active. The absolute and predicted values for forced expiratory volume in one-second values were higher in the active group. Twelve retired athletes were found to have intraventricular conduction delay. The findings suggest that former footballers who have higher levels of physical activity have advanced body composition, respiratory functions and serum lipids compared to former footballers with less active lifestyles. It is recommended that former elite athletes should maintain physically active lifestyles to sustain their health and reduce the risk of disease and disability in the later years of life.

Extracurricular School-Based Sports as a Stepping Stone Toward an Active Lifestyle? Differences in Physical Activity and Sports-Motivation Between Extracurricular School-Based Sports Participants and Non-Participants

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
An De Meester ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Leen Haerens
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Type Method ◽  
School Based ◽  
Community Sports

Purpose:The goals were to investigate whether extracurricular school-based sports reach students not engaging in community sports and whether extracurricular school-based sports participants are more physically active and/or autonomously motivated toward sports than nonparticipants.Method:1526 students (48.0% boys; 85.9% Belgian natives; age = 15.34 ± 1.83y) completed validated questionnaires to assess sports participation, physical activity (PA) and sports-motivation. Multilevel regression analyses were conducted.Results:Only 28.7% of all students (n = 438), and 19.7% of students not engaging in community sports (n = 123), participated in extracurricular school-based sports. Participants were significantly more physically active [β=44.19, S.E.=17.34, χ2(1)=6.50, p = .01] and autonomously motivated [β=.18, S.E.=.04, χ2(1)=25.62, p < .001] than nonparticipants, even after controlling for community sports participation. Boys were more physically active and autonomously motivated than girls (p < .001).Conclusion:As participation is linked to higher PA-levels and autonomous motivation, increasing overall participation rates may contribute to children developing a more physically active lifestyle and achieving the PA guidelines.

scholarly journals Physical activity in former elite cricketers and strategies for promoting physical activity after retirement from cricket: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e017785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie R Filbay ◽  
Felicity L Bishop ◽  
Nicholas Peirce ◽  
Mary E Jones ◽  
Nigel K Arden
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Physical Activity Motivation

ObjectivesThe health benefits of professional sport dissipate after retirement unless an active lifestyle is adopted, yet reasons for adopting an active or inactive lifestyle after retirement from sport are poorly understood. Elite cricket is all-encompassing, requiring a high volume of activity and unique physical demands. We aimed to identify influences on physical activity behaviours in active and insufficiently active former elite cricketers and provide practical strategies for promoting physical activity after cricket retirement.Design18 audio-recorded semistructured telephone interviews were performed. An inductive thematic approach was used and coding was iterative and data-driven facilitated by NVivo software. Themes were compared between sufficiently active and insufficiently active participants.SettingAll participants formerly played professional cricket in the UK.ParticipantsParticipants were male, mean age 57±11 (range 34–77) years, participated in professional cricket for 12±7 seasons and retired on average 23±9 years previously. Ten participants (56%) were classified as sufficiently active according to the UK Physical Activity Guidelines (moderate-intensity activity ≥150 min per week or vigorous-intensity activity ≥75 min per week). Eight participants did not meet these guidelines and were classified as insufficiently active.ResultsKey physical activity influences were time constraints, habit formation, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, physical activity preferences, pain/physical impairment and cricket coaching. Recommendations for optimising physical activity across the lifespan after cricket retirement included; prioritise physical activity, establish a physical activity plan prior to cricket retirement and don’t take a break from physical activity, evaluate sources of physical activity motivation and incorporate into a physical activity plan, find multiple forms of satisfying physical activity that can be adapted to accommodate fluctuations in physical capabilities across the lifespan and coach cricket.ConclusionsPhysically active and less active retired cricketers shared contrasting attributes that informed recommendations for promoting a sustainable, physically active lifestyle after retirement from professional cricket.

scholarly journals Hybrid immunity versus vaccine-induced immunity against SARS CoV2 in Patients with Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padmanabha Shenoy ◽  
Sakir Ahmed ◽  
Aby Paul ◽  
Somy Cherian ◽  
Rashwith Umesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Double Dose ◽  
Immune Protection ◽  
Neutralization Potential ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Induced Immunity ◽  
Dose Vaccine

AbstractIntroductionSingle-dose COVID-19 vaccines in healthy individuals with past COVID-19 infections seem to provide better immunity than double doses in COVID-19 unexposed individuals. However, it is not known whether the same is true for patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRD) who are on immunosuppressants.MethodsWe identified 30 patients with AIRD who took a single dose of the ChAdOx1 vaccine post-COVID-19 infection. Age, sex and disease similar patients were enrolled in to three groups of 30 each who had (1) past infection with COVID-19 but no vaccine, (2) a single dose of ChAdOx1 and (3) double doses of ChAdOx1. Sera were collected from each patient approximately 30 days after last vaccine dose or since the onset of COVID19 symptoms (in the unvaccinated group). Antibodies to spike protein were estimated and virus neutralization potential of sera was tested.ResultsBaseline characteristics including drug usage was similar betweenthe groups. Seroconversion occurred in 25(83%), 23(77%), 27(90%), and 30(100%) in natural infection, single-dose vaccine, double dose vaccine, and infection +single dose vaccine groups respectively. Mean antibody titres (10076.8±8998) in the last group were at least 6-100x higher than in the other 3 groups. Also, the infection +vaccine group had the highest neutralization potential of 83.37 % as compared to 45.4% in the fully vaccinated group.ConclusionThe hybrid immunity with a single dose of the vector-based vaccine post-infection seems to be superior to double dosage of the vaccine in patients with AIRD. A universal vaccination strategy involving a single dose of vaccine for all individuals with previous COVID-19 infection seems to be effective in these patients also.What is already known about this subject?A single dose of an RNA based COVID-19 vaccine after COVID-19 natural infection provides superior immune protection as compared to double doses of vaccines in infection naïve personsA second dose of vaccine in healthy people who had infection previously does not increase the immune protection but may paradoxically induce toleranceVaccine responses in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases(AIRD) may be suboptimal due to underlying disease or the use of immunosuppressants.What does this study add?Hybrid-induced immunity (single vaccine post COVID-19 infection) produces adequate vaccine responses in patients with AIRD, non-inferior to double dose of vaccineBesides mRNA vaccines, the adenoviral vector vaccine AZD1222 also demonstrates this hybrid phenomenon.How might this impact on clinical practice?Vaccination policies can consider providing only a single vaccine in those who had previous COVID-19 infection. This strategy has been shown not to be harmful for patients with AIRD. This will help reduce vaccine shortages.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Exercise and Health of the Mind in Young People

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Michael CHIA ◽  
John WANG
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young People ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise ◽  
Stroke Type ◽  
The Mind

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The physical health benefits of regular exercise or a physically active lifestyle-better blood profile, protection against heart disease, stroke, type II diabetes and certain forms of cancer-are widely acknowledged and accepted. Less understood is the role that regular physical activity and exercise play in the health of mind in young people. The balance of recent evidence suggests that regular physical activity and exercise contribute positively to a healthy mind.適量運動和健康的生活摸式對人體的益處有莫大裨益。運動的益處包括加強心肺功能，促進血液循環，減低患上糖尿病，心臟病，高血壓，中風和癌症的機會。本文目的是檢閲運動對青少年心理的健康。檢閲結果顯示定期的規律運動對青少年心理健康有良性的促進作用。

scholarly journals Walking It Off: More Stressors and Perceived Stressor Control Predict More Physical Activity in Daily Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
Erica O'Brien ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
National Study ◽  
Sense Of Control ◽  
Daily Stressors ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Diary Data ◽  
Experience Of Stress ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Research shows that, while the experience of stress relates to lower levels of physical activity (PA), people who perceive a greater sense of control engage in higher levels of PA. This study explores whether a sense of control specifically over stressful situations moderates the negative association between stressor exposure and PA in daily life. We used 8-day diary data from up to 1,236 participants (Age: Range = 43-91, M = 62.47, SD = 10.20) in the National Study of Daily Experiences. Somewhat contrary to hypotheses, people reported spending more time on light PA (but not moderate-to-vigorous PA) on days when they also experienced more stressors than usual. Perceived stressor control appears to magnify this effect, with people reporting even more light PA on days when they feel greater control. Initial findings suggest that a physically active lifestyle may help middle-aged and older adults cope with daily stressors.

Physical Activity, Physical Disability, and Osteoarthritic Pain in Older Adults

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijke Hopman-Rock ◽  
Floris W. Kraaimaat ◽  
Johannes W.J. Bijlsma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Pain Frequency ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the frequency (chronic, episodic, and sporadic) of arthritic pain in the hip and/or knee, other illness-related variables, physical disability, and a physically active lifestyle was analyzed in community-living subjects aged 55 to 74 years (N= 306). We tested the hypothesis that a physically active lifestyle is a mediating variable in the relationship between pain frequency and physical disability. Physical activity was measured with a structured interview method, and physical disability was measured with the Sickness Impact Profile. A stepwise regression model with demographic data, pain frequency, illness-related variables (such as radiological osteoarthritis and pain severity), and lifestyle variables explained 45% of the variance in physical disability; lifestyle variables explained 7% of the variance in physical disability. Our results support the hypothesis that a physically active lifestyle (in particular, sport activity) is a mediator in the relation between the frequency of pain and physical disability.

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