scholarly journals Are Children Suffering From Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia Associated With Bone Quality Decreased?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Yang ◽  
Siyu Xu ◽  
Qian Tan ◽  
Guanghui Zhu ◽  
Yaoxi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Congenital Pseudarthrosis ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Crawford Classification

Abstract Background: Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare and difficult to treat congenital disease in neonates. Our team's previous study found that exosomes derived from serum of children with CPT can reduce the effect of bone formation. In this study, we used ultrasound bone densitometry to detect the bone quality between children with CPT and those non-metabolic disease children, to determine the bone strength of children with CPT. Methods: A total of 37 CPT children and 40 children without the bone metabolic disease (control group) were recruited in our hospital. The ultrasonic bone densitometer was used to examine the bilateral calcaneus of the subjects. According to the measurement results, we collected the broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA), sound transmission velocity (SOS), quantitative ultrasound index (QUI), bone strength index(STI) and bone mineral density estimation(BMDe) values. For the intergroup analysis, t test was used to determine the differences of various quantitative measurements. Multivariable regression was used to examine the associations between quantitive ultrasound measurements differences and age, body mass index (BMI), neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and CPT Crawford type. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to estimate intra- and inter-rater agreements. Results: Seventy-four calcaneus scans from CPT patients (23 boys and 14 girls) and 80 calcaneus scans (24 boys and 16 girls) from the control. The CPT patients exhibited significantly lower SOS (1368.75±136.78 m/s), STI (7.2319±38.6525), QUI (8.2532±56.1720) and BMDe (-0.0241±0.3552 g/cm3) than the control (SOS: 1416.02±66.15 m/s, STI: 7.96±16.884, QUI: 28.8299±25.461, BMDe: 0.0180±0.1610 g/cm3). Multiple linear regression revealed that SOS, STI, QUI was statistically significant and negatively correlated with CPT Crawford classification.Conclusions: We found the incidence of decreased bone quality in CPT group was higher than that in the non-bone metabolic disease group. This phenomenon was not related to NF1 while related to CPT Crawford classification, which suggested that the higher grade of the CPT Crawford classification, the lower the bone strength and the higher the risk of fracture.

scholarly journals Beyond Bone Mineral Density: A New Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry Index of Bone Strength to Predict Fragility Fractures, the Bone Strain Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Massimo Ulivieri ◽  
Luca Rinaudo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
Bone Strain ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Strain Index ◽  
X Ray

For a proper assessment of osteoporotic fragility fracture prediction, all aspects regarding bone mineral density, bone texture, geometry and information about strength are necessary, particularly in endocrinological and rheumatological diseases, where bone quality impairment is relevant. Data regarding bone quantity (density) and, partially, bone quality (structure and geometry) are obtained by the gold standard method of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Data about bone strength are not yet readily available. To evaluate bone resistance to strain, a new DXA-derived index based on the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of a greyscale of density distribution measured on spine and femoral scan, namely Bone Strain Index (BSI), has recently been developed. Bone Strain Index includes local information on density distribution, bone geometry and loadings and it differs from bone mineral density (BMD) and other variables of bone quality like trabecular bone score (TBS), which are all based on the quantification of bone mass and distribution averaged over the scanned region. This state of the art review illustrates the methodology of BSI calculation, the findings of its in reproducibility and the preliminary data about its capability to predict fragility fracture and to monitor the follow up of the pharmacological treatment for osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Bone quality: what is it and how is it measured?

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet Compston
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Composition And Structure

Bone quality describes aspects of bone composition and structure that contribute to bone strength independently of bone mineral density. These include bone turnover, microarchitecture, mineralisation, microdamage and the composition of bone matrix and mineral. New techniques to assess these components of bone quality are being developed and should produce important insights into determinants of fracture risk in untreated and treated disease.

scholarly journals Swimming Activity Prevents the Unloading Induced Loss of Bone Mass, Architecture, and Strength in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício J. Falcai ◽  
Ariane Zamarioli ◽  
Graziela Bianchi Leoni ◽  
Manoel Damião de Sousa Neto ◽  
Jose B. Volpon
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Bone Architecture ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Swimming Exercise ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

We investigated whether swimming activity associated with a three-week period of hypoactivity could prevent the deleterious effects of disuse on the tibias of tail-suspended rats. Forty Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (HS) permanently hindlimb suspension rats; (HS + Swim) rats submitted to unloading interrupted by swimming exercise; (HS + WB) hindlimb suspension rats with interruption for regular weight bearing for the same length of time as the HS+Swim rats; (Control) control rats that were allowed regular cage activities; and (Control + Swim) control rats that underwent swimming exercise. At the end of the experiment, bone mineral density, bone strength, and trabecular quantification were analyzed. The hindlimb-suspended rats exhibited bone quality loss (significant decrease in BMD, bone strength, and deterioration of trabecular and cortical bone architecture; decrease in BV/TV, TbN, TbTh, ConnD, CtV, and CtTh; and increase in TbSp) when compared to control rats. In contrast, trained rats showed a significant increase of 43% in bone mass, 29% in bone strength, 58% in trabecular thickness, 85% in bone volume, 27% in trabeculae number, and 30% in cortical volume, when compared to the hindlimb-suspended rats. We conclude that swimming activity not only ameliorates but also fully prevents the deleterious effects on bone quality in osteopenic rats.

scholarly journals Local bone quality measure and construct failure prediction: a biomechanical study on distal femur fractures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Gehweiler ◽  
Ursula Styger ◽  
Boyko Gueorguiev ◽  
Christian Colcuc ◽  
Thomas Vordemvenne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Local Bone

Abstract Introduction The aim of this investigation was to better understand the differences in local bone quality at the distal femur and their correlation with biomechanical construct failure, with the intention to identify regions of importance to optimize implant anchorage. Materials and methods Seven fresh–frozen female femurs underwent high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) to determine bone mineral density (BMD) within three different regions of interest (distal, intermedium, and proximal) at the distal femur. In addition, local bone quality was assessed by measuring the peak torque necessary to break out the trabecular bone along each separate hole of a locking compression plate (LCP) during its instrumentation. Finally, biomechanical testing was performed using cyclic axial loading until failure in an AO/OTA 33 A3 fracture model. Results Local BMD was highest in the distal region. This was confirmed by the measurement of local bone quality using DensiProbe™. The most distal holes represented locations with the highest breakaway torque resistance, with the holes on the posterior side of the plate indicating higher values than those on its anterior side. We demonstrated strong correlation between the cycles to failure and local bone strength (measured with DensiProbe™) in the most distal posterior screw hole, having the highest peak torque. Conclusion The local bone quality at the distal femur indicates that in plated distal femur fractures the distal posterior screw holes seem to be the key ones and should be occupied. Measurement of the local bone strength with DensiProbe™ is one possibility to determine the risk of construct failure, therefore, thresholds need to be defined.

scholarly journals Konsumsi Kopi Robusta Menurunkan Kekuatan Tulang Femur Tikus Wistar Jantan

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Sarah Kinan Andalusia ◽  
Muhamad Hasan ◽  
Desie Dwi Wisudanti
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Femoral Bone ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Caffeine in coffee is suspected to decrease the bone mineral density and increase the risk factor of osteoporosis, however the contents of coffee is not only caffeine. Considering the great number of people consuming coffee daily, therefore, the study is conducted to investigate the effect of robusta coffee consumption on the femoral bone strength in male wistar rats. Thirty male wistar rats were subjected for the study. They were divided into three groups, i.e control group (K) without robusta coffee consumption, treatment group 1 (P1) with robusta coffee consumption of 0,9 mg/gBW, and treatment group 2 (P2) with robusta coffee consumption of 2,7 mg/gBW. After 21 days, the rats were terminated and the right and the left femurs were collected for force bone test. The force bone test of P1 and P2 group demonstrated weaker bones than K group, and there was no difference effect of P1 group compared to P2 group on the femoral bone strength in male wistar rats. It can be concluded that robusta coffee consumption has negative effect on the bone strenght and hence causing bones more fragile, and there was no difference on effect of 0,9 mg/g BW compared to 2,7 mg/g BW.  

scholarly journals Prolonged feeding of difructose anhydride III increases strength and mineral concentrations of the femur in ovariectomized rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rieko Mitamura ◽  
Hiroshi Hara
Keyword(s):  
Bone Strength ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Promotive Effect ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
The Relationship

This study demonstrates that feeding difructose anhydride III (DFAIII) improves bone strength and femoral mineral concentrations in a rat model of oestrogen deficiency. We showed the relationship between Ca, Mg and P absorption and bone characteristics in rats. Two groups of female Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) underwent bilateral ovariectomy (ovariectomized rats, OVX rats) or bilateral laparotomy (sham rats). At 10 weeks old, OVX and sham rats were divided into three subgroups and fed a control, 1·5 % DFAIII or 3 % DFAIII diet for 8 weeks, respectively. Ca but not Mg absorption rates were lowered by ovariectomy; however, ingestion of the 1·5 % and 3 % DFAIII diets similarly restored the reduced Ca absorption in OVX rats at 4 and 8 weeks after feeding of the test diets. DFAIII increased Mg absorption dose-dependently in sham and OVX rats. The bone strength, femoral Ca and Mg concentrations, and distal bone mineral density in the 3 % DFAIII group were higher than those in the control group in OVX rats. The absorption rates of Ca and Mg were significantly correlated with femoral Ca and Mg concentrations and strength, which suggests that increasing both Ca and Mg absorption improves bone characteristics in OVX rats. There were no differences in any of the variables in the femur between the 1·5 % and 3 % DFAIII groups in OVX rats. In conclusion, feeding of a low dose of DFAIII increased intestinal Ca and Mg absorption, and the promotive effect of DFAIII persisted for over 8 weeks. This effect was associated with prevention of ovariectomy-induced osteopenia.

scholarly journals The Effects of Combination of Alendronate and Human Parathyroid Hormone(1–34) on Bone Strength Are Synergistic in the Lumbar Vertebra and Additive in the Femur of C57BL/6J Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (9) ◽  
pp. 4466-4474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Johnston ◽  
Sharon Andrews ◽  
Victor Shen ◽  
Felicia Cosman ◽  
Robert Lindsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Markers ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density

A cyclic PTH regimen is as effective as a daily regimen on bone density gain in humans and in improving bone quality in mice. Our previous murine study evaluated the effects of a cyclic PTH regimen in the absence of a bisphosphonate, whereas our human study addressed the effects of a cyclic PTH regimen in the presence of ongoing alendronate (ALN) treatment. Accordingly, the current study examined the effects of cyclic or daily PTH regimens in combination with ALN on bone quality and bone density in mice. Twenty-week-old, female C57BL/6J mice were treated with the following sc injections (n = 10): 1) vehicle for 5 d/wk (control); 2) ALN (20 μg/kg·d) 3 d/wk (ALN); 3) human PTH(1–34) (40 μg/kg·d) 5 d/wk (daily PTH); 4) daily PTH in addition to ALN (daily PTH plus ALN); 5) PTH 5 d/wk and vehicle 5 d/wk alternating weekly (cyclic PTH); 6) cyclic PTH in addition to ALN (cyclic PTH plus ALN); and 7) PTH and ALN alternating weekly (alt PTH and ALN). Bone mineral density was measured weekly by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and at 7 wk, bone markers, bone structure, and bone strength were evaluated by biochemical assays, peripheral quantitative computed tomography and mechanical testing, respectively. At 7 wk, all treatments significantly increased femoral and vertebral bone mineral density. ALN slightly decreased endosteal circumference, whereas PTH increased periosteal circumference, resulting in significant increases in femoral cortical thickness in all groups. PTH and ALN enhanced bone strength synergistically in the lumbar vertebrae and additively in the femur. Combined therapy, however, had no effects on bone markers. The results show that combinations of ALN and PTH, in both daily and cyclic regimens, produce more beneficial effects than treatment with either agent alone, suggesting that the mechanisms of actions of ALN and PTH on bone quality may be complementary.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis about the Effect of Bisphosphonates on the Risk of Skeletal-Related Event in Men with Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 1604-1612
Author(s):  
Congcong Wu ◽  
Hua Jiang ◽  
Jianghua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Related Event ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Related Event

Background: Although the adjuvant therapy of bisphosphonates in prostate cancer is effective in improving bone mineral density, it is still uncertain whether bisphosphonates could decrease the risk of Skeletal- Related Event (SRE) in patients with prostate cancer. We reviewed and analyzed the effect of different types of bisphosphonates on the risk of SRE, defined as pathological fracture, spinal cord compression, radiation therapy to the bone, surgery to bone, hypercalcemia, bone pain, or death as a result of prostate cancer. Methods: A systemic literature search was conducted on PubMed and related bibliographies. The emphasis during data extraction was laid on the Hazard Ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (CI) from every eligible Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). HR was pooled with the fixed effects model, and preplanned subgroup analyses were performed. Results: 5 RCTs (n = 4651) were included and analyzed finally after screening 51 articles. The meta-analysis of all participants showed no significant decrease in the risk of SRE when adding bisphosphonates to control group (HR = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.874 - 1.072, p = 0.536) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 4) p = 0.679). There was no significant improvement on SRE neither in the subgroups with Metastases (M1) or Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (CSPC) (respectively HR = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.874 - 1.072, p = 0.536, I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 4) p = 0.679; HR = 0.954, 95% CI = 0.837 - 1.088, p = 0.484, I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 3) p = 0.534). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that bisphosphonates could not statistically significantly reduce the risk of SRE in patients with prostate cancer, neither in the subgroups with M1 or CSPC.

scholarly journals Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles—Toxicity and Effect of In Ovo Inoculation on Chicken Embryo Development, Broiler Performance and Bone Status

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 932
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Matuszewski ◽  
Monika Łukasiewicz ◽  
Jan Niemiec ◽  
Maciej Kamaszewski ◽  
Sławomir Jaworski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Ovo

The use of intensive selection procedure in modern broiler chicken lines has led to the development of several skeletal disorders in broiler chickens. Therefore, current research is focused on methods to improve the bone quality in birds. In ovo technology, using nanoparticles with a high specificity to bones, is a potential approach. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of in ovo inoculation (IOI) of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CCN) on chicken embryo development, health status, bone characteristics, and on broiler production results and bone quality. After assessing in vitro cell viability, the IOI procedure was performed with an injection of 500 μg/mL CCN. The control group was not inoculated with CCN. Hatchability, weight, and selected bone and serum parameters were measured in embryos. Part of hatchlings were reared under standard conditions until 42 days, and production results, meat quality, and bone quality of broilers were determined. CCN did not show cytotoxicity to cells and chicken embryo and positively influenced bone parameters of the embryos and of broilers later (calcification) without negatively affecting the production results. Thus, the IOI of CCN could modify the molecular responses at the stage of embryogenesis, resulting in better mineralization, and could provide a sustained effect, thereby improving bone quality in adult birds.

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