Serum Levels of Vitamin D, Retinol, Zinc and CRP in Relation To Obesity Among Children and Adolescents

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to examine the possible association between serum micronutrients (vitamin D, retinol, Zinc ), C-reactive protein (CRP) and obesity among children and adolescents. Methods: Weight and height were measured and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, serum retinol, serum Zinc and CRP were measured in 2818 children and adolescents(6-17 years of age), using the data of 10 investigation sites in Zhejiang Province. The difference of micronutrients (vitamin D, retinol, zinc), CRP among different BMI status were explored by ANOVA and chi-square test. The associated factors of micronutrients and CRP of overweight and obesity were explored by multifactor analysis.Results: There were significant differences between male students and female students on BMI, 25(OH)D3, CRP, and there were significant differences between children and adolescents and between students living in urban area and rural area on BMI, 25(OH)D3, retinol, zinc(p < 0.05). There were significant differences on 25(OH)D3 and CRP level, and on retinol level among children and adolescents with different nutritional conditions (p < 0.05). In multifactor analysis, we found that gender(OR=0.626, 95%CI:0.486-0.806), living area (OR=0.666, 95%CI:0.515-0.860), age group(OR=0.894, 95%CI:0.856-0.934), high CRP concentration (OR=1.084,95%CI:1.046-1.122) and appropriate retinol level (OR=1.536, 95%CI:1.185-1.991) were associated with students with obesity. Conclusion: Gender, living area, age group, CRP concentration and vitamin A status were associated with children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. More attention in the intervention of overweight and obesity should be paid to boys living in urban areas, and high serum CRP and retinol level should also be concerned.

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POS1309 PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF UNDERWEIGHT, OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JIA): EVIDENCE FROM THE NATIONAL PAEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGIC DATABASE (NPRD)

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 936.2-937

Author(s):

F. Milatz ◽

J. Klotsche ◽

M. Niewerth ◽

J. Hörstermann ◽

D. Windschall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽

General Population ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Treatment Response ◽

Weight Status ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Age Group ◽

Group 3 ◽

Obesity In Children

Background:In patients with JIA, growth impairment and variance in body composition are well-known long-term complications that may be associated with prolonged drug therapy (e.g. glucocorticoids) as well as impaired physical and psychosocial well-being. An increased accumulation of body fat represents a significant risk factor for metabolic abnormalities and a modifiable variable for a number of comorbidities. Recently, evidence has emerged in favour of the potential negative influence of overweight on the course of the disease and treatment response [1].Objectives:The study aimed a) to estimate the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with JIA compared to the general population, and b) to investigate correlates of patients’ weight status.Methods:A cross-sectional analysis of physicians’ recorded body weights and heights of patients with JIA enrolled in the NPRD in the year 2019 was performed. Underweight (BMI <10th), overweight (BMI >90th) and obesity (BMI >97th) were defined according to age- and sex-specific percentiles used in the German reference system. For comparison with data from the general population [2], sex- and age-matched pairs of 3-17-year-old patients and controls were generated. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between weight status and patients’ clinical and self-reported outcomes.Results:In total, data from 6.515 children and adolescents with JIA (age 11.2 ± 4.1 years, disease duration 4.9 ± 3.8 years, 67% girls, 40% persistent oligoarthritis) were included. Of these, 3.334 (age 5.9 ± 2.1 years, 52.5% girls) could be considered for matched-pair analysis. Compared with the general population, patients underweight, overweight and obesity rates were 10.6% (vs. 8.1%), 8.8% (vs. 8.5%) and 6.1% (vs. 5.7%), respectively. No significant sex differences were found in either group. Largest difference in prevalence was registered for underweight, specifically in the age group 3-6 years (12.9% patients vs. 5.9% controls). Similar to the general population, higher rates of overweight were observed in adolescent patients than in affected children (19.1% age group 11-13 vs. 8.4% age group 3-6). While the highest underweight prevalence was registered in patients with RF+ polyarthritis (16%), patients with Enthesitis-related arthritis (22%), psoriatic arthritis (21%) and systemic JIA (20%) showed the highest overweight rates (including obesity). Younger age (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.83), more frequent physical activity (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85-0.99) and high parental vocational education (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.18-0.80) were independently associated with a lower likelihood of being overweight/obese.Conclusion:The overall prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with JIA is comparable to that found in the general population. Behavioural health promotion, including regular physical activity, as part of the treatment strategy in JIA should preventively already begin at preschool age and necessarily be made accessible to patients of all educational levels.References:[1]Giani T et al. The influence of overweight and obesity on treatment response in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2019;10:637.[2]Schienkiewitz A et al. BMI among children and adolescents: prevalences and distribution considering underweight and extreme obesity. Bundesgesundheitsbl 2019;62:1225–1234.Acknowledgements:The National Paediatric Rheumatological Database has been funded by AbbVie, Chugai, Novartis and GSK.Disclosure of Interests:Florian Milatz: None declared, Jens Klotsche: None declared, Martina Niewerth: None declared, Jana Hörstermann: None declared, Daniel Windschall: None declared, Frank Weller-Heinemann Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, SOBI, Roche and Novartis., Frank Dressler: None declared, Rainer Berendes: None declared, Johannes-Peter Haas: None declared, Gerd Horneff: None declared, Kirsten Minden Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, Consultant of: Novartis

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Nutritional factors associated with femoral neck bone mineral density in children and adolescents

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-019-2901-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guo-Hau Gou ◽

Feng-Jen Tseng ◽

Sheng-Hao Wang ◽

Pao-Ju Chen ◽

Jia-Fwu Shyu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Femoral Neck ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Age Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Nutritional Factors ◽

Daily Total

Abstract Background Nutritional factors including vitamin D, magnesium, and fat are known to affect bone mineral accrual. This study aimed to evaluate associations between dietary nutrient intakes (both macronutrients and micronutrients) and bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents. Methods Data for this cross-sectional, population-based study were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants aged from 8 to 19 years were included. The primary outcome was femoral neck BMD. Results Multivariate analyses revealed that for participants aged 8 to 11, daily sodium intake was significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD (B = 0.9 × 10− 5, p = 0.031); in particular, subgroup analyses by sex found that in male participants aged 8–11, daily total cholesterol intake (B = 5.3 × 10− 5, p = 0.030) and calcium intake (B = − 2.0 × 10− 5, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with femoral neck BMD in a positive and negative manner, respectively, but neither were observed in female participants of this age group. In contrast, daily intakes of vitamin D and magnesium were significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD in female participants aged 8–11 (B = 246.8 × 10− 5 and 16.3 × 10− 5, p = 0.017 and 0.033, respectively). For participants aged 16 to 19, daily total fat intake was significantly and negatively associated with femoral neck BMD (B = − 58 × 10− 5, p = 0.048); further stratification by sex found that magnesium and sodium intakes were significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD only in females of this age group (B = 26.9 × 10− 5 and 2.1 × 10− 5, respectively; both p < 0.05). However, no significant associations between daily nutrient intakes and femoral neck BMD were identified in participants aged 12–15 before or after subgroup stratification. Conclusion The study found that associations of specific nutrition-related variables with BMD of the femoral neck is dependent upon age and gender.

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SEANUTS: the nutritional status and dietary intakes of 0.5–12-year-old Thai children

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114513002110 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 110 (S3) ◽

pp. S36-S44 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Nipa Rojroongwasinkul ◽

Kallaya Kijboonchoo ◽

Wanphen Wimonpeerapattana ◽

Sasiumphai Purttiponthanee ◽

Uruwan Yamborisut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Rural Children ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Serum Retinol

In the present study, we investigated nutritional status and health-related factors in a multistage cluster sample of 3119 Thai urban and rural children aged 0·5–12·9 years. In a subsample, blood samples were collected for the measurement of Hb, transferrin receptor, vitamin A and vitamin D concentrations. The prevalence of stunting and underweight was higher in rural children than in urban children, whereas the wasting rate was similar in both rural and urban areas. Among children aged 3·0–5·9 years, the prevalence of overweight was significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas and so was the obesity rate in children aged 6·0–12·9 years. Protein intakes of all age groups were relatively high in both the areas. Intakes of Ca, Fe, Zn and vitamin C were significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The prevalence of anaemia in rural areas was twice as high as that in urban areas, particularly in infants and young children. However, the prevalence of Fe-deficiency anaemia was similar in both urban and rural areas. While the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (by serum retinol cut-off < 0·7 μmol/l) seemed to be very low, vitamin A insufficiency (by serum retinol cut-off < 1·05 μmol/l) was more prevalent (29·4–31·7 %) in both the areas. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency ranged between 27·7 and 45·6 % among the children. The present study indicates that the double burden of malnutrition is still a major public health problem in Thailand. Further studies need to explore the associated risk factors for these nutrient deficiencies. Effective strategies and actions are needed to tackle the nutritional problems in Thai children.

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Prevalence and temporal trends of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Jilin, Northeast China, 2011-2015

10.7287/peerj.preprints.3207 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Yan Li ◽

Zhijun Li ◽

Qing Sun ◽

Mengying Wang ◽

Meng Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Northeast China ◽

National Level ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Age Group ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Obesity Epidemic ◽

And Gender

Objective: In China, the obesity epidemic is truly national and childhood obesity prevalence has rapidly increased and is close to the developed countries. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and temporal trends of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Jilin City, China (2011-2015). Methods: The data derived from the census on students’ constitution and health in 2011-2015 carried out by the Jilin CDC, Jilin City. 191191 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were included in the present survey, of which 37549 in 2011 to 41564 in the 2015. The newly developed age- and gender-specific BMI cutoffs by the working group on obesity in China were used to define overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Results: The mean of BMI (body mass index) was significantly increasing from 20.9 kg/m2 in 2011 to 21.5 kg/m2 in 2015 in all subjects. Overweight and Obesity prevalence of total students aged 7-18 years had a significantly increasing from 2012 to 2015 (P<0.001), from 16.0% and 13.1% to 17.1% and 17.1%. The minimum value of BMI and overweight and obesity prevalence in overall age group all presented in 2012. Boys and girls all showed the significant increase in overweight and obesity prevalence in every age group from 2012 to 2015 and boys higher than girls (P<0.001). Regardless of girls and boys, the most likely of children and adolescents being overweight and obesity had been observed in the youngest age and lowest school grade category. Conclusion: In summary, our results indicate that all the overweight and obesity prevalence among children and adolescents over the past 5 years were higher than the 2010 Chinese National Level and Chinese large coastal cities’ level and a significantly increase from 2011-2015. Obesity epidemic is serious, at least not optimistic among children and adolescents in Jilin, Northeast China.

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Evaluation of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Relationship with Body Mass Index in Children 1 To 16 Years

Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal ◽

10.18502/tbsrj.v3i2.6667 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elham Nozari Mirarkolaei ◽

Mahdi Gholami ◽

Elham Rostami ◽

Azita Aliakbarniya ◽

Massoumeh Hotelchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Mazandaran Province ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction: Body weight gain in children and teenagers is one of the major challenges that cause undesirable health outcomes. Simultaneously with the prevalence of overweight and obesity, children and adolescents are diagnosed with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency in different sides of the world. The present study aimed to assess 25(OH)D status among Iranian volunteers aged 1-16 years and find the correlation between 25(OH)D status and body mass index (BMI) subjects. Material and Methods: The total volunteers included 807 Iranian children aged 1 to 16 referred to the general and endocrinology clinics in Babol city, Mazandaran Province. A trained physician determined anthropometric characteristics. Serum levels of calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), creatinine (Cr), urea, thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and 25(OH)D were assessed in all children. Results: 25.27% of the children were 25(OH)D deficient, and 59.1% were insufficient. There was no significant difference in serum 25(OH)D level between girls and boys (P=0.13). A significant negative correlation was found in serum 25(OH)D level with weight (P=0.000, r=-0.12), BMI (P=0.000, r=-0.13), and age (P=0.000, r=-0.13). Conclusion: These data displayed that 25(OH)D insufficiency is highly prevalent among children in the north of Iran. Serum 25(OH)D levels are affected by age and BMI value. Improving vitamin D deficiency helps to maintain the health of children and adolescents during this critical period.

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Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mozambique in 2005 and 2015

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019002325 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (17) ◽

pp. 3118-3126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Filipa Fontes ◽

Albertino Damasceno ◽

Neusa Jessen ◽

António Prista ◽

Carla Silva-Matos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Urban Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractObjective:The ongoing demographic, nutritional and epidemiological transitions in sub-Saharan Africa highlight the importance of monitoring overweight and obesity. We aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mozambique in 2014/2015 and compare the estimates with those obtained in 2005.Design:Cross-sectional study conducted in 2014/2015, following the WHO Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS). Prevalence estimates with 95 % CI were computed for different categories of BMI and abdominal obesity, along with age-, education- and income-adjusted OR. The age-standardized prevalence in the age group 25–64 years was compared with results from a STEPS survey conducted in 2005.Setting:Mozambique.Participants:Representative sample of the population aged 18–64 years (n 2595).Results:Between 2005 and 2014/2015, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 18·3 to 30·5 % (P < 0·001) in women and from 11·7 to 18·2 % (P < 0·001) in men. Abdominal obesity increased among women (from 9·4 to 20·4 %, P < 0·001), but there was no significant difference among men (1·5 v. 2·1 %, P = 0·395). In 2014/2015, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was more than twofold higher in urban areas and in women; in the age group 18–24 years, it was highest in urban women and lowest in rural men.Conclusions:In Mozambique, there was a steep increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults between 2005 and 2014/2015. Overweight and obesity are more prevalent in urban areas and among women, already affecting one in five urban women aged 18–24 years.

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Trends in Overweight and Obesity Among Children and Adolescents in China from 1991 to 2015: A Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16234656 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (23) ◽

pp. 4656 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yaru Guo ◽

Xiaojian Yin ◽

Huipan Wu ◽

Xiaojiang Chai ◽

Xiaofang Yang

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Growth Stages ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Healthy Development ◽

Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Effect Magnitude

This meta-analysis of overweight and obesity (ow/ob) among children and adolescents in China from 1991 to 2015 provides a reference for promoting the healthy development of children and adolescents. The studies were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and PubMed databases for the period from January 1991 to January 2018. The data were combined and analyzed, and the combined effect magnitude odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval were calculated. Publication bias was determined using Stata/SE12.0. We found that (1) the prevalence of ow/ob increased from 5.0% and 1.7% in 1991–1995 to 11.7% and 6.8% in 2011–2015, respectively, and the overweight rate was the greatest in 2006–2010; (2) from 1991 to 2015, the prevalence of ow/ob was greater in urban areas than in rural areas; (3) compared with girls, boys were more likely to be ow/ob; and (4) the prevalence rates of ow and ob were greater in infancy than in other growth stages, with values of 11.7% and 7.0%, respectively. The prevalence of ow/ob among Chinese children and adolescents showed significant differences based on region, sex, and age. An overall upward trend was observed that decreased slightly from 2011 to 2015.

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Rural–Urban Differences in Dietary Behavior and Obesity: Results of the Riskesdas Study in 10–18-Year-Old Indonesian Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11112813 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2813 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Esti Nurwanti ◽

Hamam Hadi ◽

Jung-Su Chang ◽

Jane C.-J. Chao ◽

Bunga Astria Paramashanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Dietary Behavior ◽

Study Data ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sedentary Activity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Wide Range ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Obesity has become a significant problem for developing countries, including Indonesia. High duration of sedentary activity and high intake of unhealthy foods were associated with high risk of overweight and obesity. The objective of this study was to compare the distributions of sedentary activity and dietary behavior with overweight/obesity risks between urban and rural areas among children and adolescents aged 10–18 years in Indonesia. This is a cross-sectional study. Data from a national survey in 33 Indonesian provinces (Basic Health Research /Riskesdas 2013) were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) adjusted with all variables, such as age, gender, residency, education level, physical activity, and food intake. An urban–rural residence difference was found in the factors related to obesity. Daily caffeinated soft drinks and energy drinks consumption (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01–1.23) were related to risk of overweight and obesity in urban areas. Daily grilled foods (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.22–1.42) and salty food (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04–1.15) consumption were significantly associated with obesity in rural areas but not in urban areas. Furthermore, sedentary activity was correlated with overweight and obesity among those who lived in urban and rural areas. Our findings suggest that education, environmental, and policy interventions may need to specifically target urban settings, where access is high to a wide range of processed and traditional high-sugar, high-fat snack foods and beverages.

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