scholarly journals Effects of waste milk on growth performance, immunity, and gut health of dairy calves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
Tao Ma ◽  
Chuanteng Cheng ◽  
Jingyi Lv ◽  
Haixin Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Waste Milk

Abstract Background Liquid feed are the major nutrient source that can have a significant impact on the growth and development of immune system of calves before weaning. Waste milk containing antibiotic residue has been produced because of the continuous expansion of dairy farms. In order to reduce economic loss and prevent environmental pollution, most farms seem waste milk as one of the calves’ liquid feeds. However, there is limited information to report the effects of waste milk on growth performance, especially immunity function of calves. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of waste milk on growth, immunity and gut health of dairy calves. Results Feeding WM improved hip width, hip height, heart girth, final body weight, and feed efficiency of dairy calves compared to MR. Plasma concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG and IL-10 were higher and TNF-α was lower in WM group. In addition, treatment and time interactively affected plasma concentrations of IgG and IL-2, which increased and decreased in WM group but decreased and increased in MR group, respectively, from 49 to 70 d of age. There was no difference in diarrhea case and average days of diarrhea among treatments. Difference in fecal microbiota was observed between MR and WM groups only at 49 d of age. Analysis of differential abundance showed that the increase in the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group and the decrease in that of Bacteroides was higher in WM than MM group from 49 to 70 d of age. Conclusions WM had beneficial effects on growth performance and did not affect health statue, which might be explained by enhanced immune function modulated by fecal microbiota.

scholarly journals Integration between bioflocs and periphyton in Nile tilapia culture tanks

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Davi De Holanda Cavalcante ◽  
Francisco Roberto Dos Santos Lima ◽  
Vanessa Tomaz Rebouças ◽  
Marcelo Vinícius do Carmo e Sá
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Fish Yield ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Total Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

The present study aimed to assess the possible beneficial effects of the integration between bioflocs and periphyton to the Nile tilapia’s water quality and growth performance. There were four treatments with five replicates each: (1) Control: green waters, (2) Periphyton: substrate-based system, (3) BFT: bioflocs technology for aquaculture, and (4) Biophyton: integration between bioflocs and periphyton. Fish (1.63 ± 0.07 g) were reared for 10 weeks in twenty 250 L outdoor tanks. Two polyethylene boards were vertically set out in the Periphyton and Biophyton tanks as underwater substrates. The C: N ratios of water in the BFT and Biophyton tanks were adjusted to 15:1 with dry molasses applications. The concentrations of total ammonia nitrogen were higher in the Control and Periphyton tanks than in the BFT and Biophyton ones. On the other hand, the concentrations of reactive phosphorus were higher in the BFT and Biophyton tanks than in the Control and Periphyton ones. The fish final body weight, specific growth rate and fish yield have not differed between the tanks. The integration between bioflocs and periphyton has not brought clear benefits to tilapia culture on water quality and growth performance.  

scholarly journals PSVIII-10 Effects of early intervention by fecal microbiota transplantation combined probiotics on the growth performance, intestinal barrier and immunity function, and gut microbiota in sucking piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 305-306
Author(s):  
Quanhang Xiang ◽  
Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Fecal Suspension ◽  
Immunity Function

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of early gut colonization by fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics intervention on growth performance, immunity function, and gut health of piglets. A total of 121 pregnant sows were divided into 6 groups with average parity of 3.66 ± 1.34. After delivery, piglets of group AB were treated with antibiotics at age of 3-day. Piglets of group CON were gavaged with PBS. The remaining four treatment groups, FMT, FMT+C, FMT+S, and FMT+C+S, the piglets were gavaged with fecal suspension, fecal suspension with C. butyricum, fecal suspension with S. boulardii, and fecal suspension with C. butyricum and S.boulardii, respectively, with the frequency of once daily in the first 3 days. All the piglets were weaned at age of 21 day. The individual body weight of piglets were weighed weekly, blood samples and fecal samples were collected weekly. At the end of study, the ADG and diarrhea rate were caculated. FMT+C+S and FMT could increased piglets 21-day-old weight (P < 0.01), and FMT+C+S could increased ADG (P < 0.05) and decreased diarrhea rate (P < 0.05). Early antibiotics exposure for health care has no positive effect on growth performance and diarrhea. FMT, FMT+S and FMT+C+S improved fecal sIgA and plasma IgG of 14-day-old piglets (P < 0.05). FMT+C+S decreased the concentration of plasma DAO and D-LA, and increased fecal MUC2 content, so that the intestinal barrier was enhanced. The early intervention of FMT combined with C. butyricum and S. boulardii reduced the abundance of E. coli, and increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. In addition, it also increases the production of intestinal short-chain fatty acids. In conclusion, these data indicated that early intervention with FMT combined C. butyricum and S. boulardii could improve the growth performance, immune responses, and gut function of sucking piglets.

Effects of sodium butyrate and active Bacillus amyloliquefaciens supplemented to pasteurized waste milk on growth performance and health condition of Holstein dairy calves

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Vazquez-Mendoza ◽  
Mona M. Y. Elghandour ◽  
Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem ◽  
Long Cheng ◽  
Xuezhao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Waste Milk

129 Maternal Nutrition and in Ovo Feeding Affect Gut Health and Performance of Poultry

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Rajesh Jha ◽  
Razib Das ◽  
Pravin Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
In Ovo Feeding

Abstract Maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is critical for better nutrient utilization, optimum performance, and overall health of poultry. Thus, several nutritional strategies have been tried to improve poultry’s gut health. More recently, different nutrients and feed additives are being used in poultry diets with some success when antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) are not an acceptable option anymore. However, effective modulation of gut health depends on the methods and timing of the compound being available to host animals. Routinely, the alternatives to AGP like prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotic, enzymes, and other nutrients are provided in feed or water to poultry. However, the GIT of the newly hatched poultry is functionally immature, despite going through significant morphological, cellular, and molecular changes toward the end of incubation. Thus, the early growth and development of GIT are of critical importance to enhance nutrients utilization and optimize the growth performance of poultry. Maternal nutrition and in ovo feeding have been used and found to be effective in improving gut health but with inconsistent results. The effects of maternal nutrition on the development and viability of embryo and post-hatch growth performance of birds are documented. However, there is limited information on how maternal nutrition affects the gut health of chicks. In contrast, information on the same from in ovo feeding of nutrients and feed additives has increased in recent years. The results show that in ovo feeding can be a good tool to modulate gut health of post-hatch birds positively. However, more information is needed on the proper route and time of inoculation, optimum doses, and effective combination of different compounds to maximize the benefits of in ovo feeding technique in poultry production.

scholarly journals Impact of varied combinatorial mixture of non-fishmeal ingredients on growth, metabolism, immunity and gut microbiota of Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790) fry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay K. Gupta ◽  
Ravi Fotedar ◽  
Md. Javed Foysal ◽  
Manisha Priyam ◽  
Muhammad A. B. Siddik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
Abundance Profile ◽  
Growth Metabolism

Abstract The search for suitable fish meal replacements in aqua-diets is a salient agenda in the constant effort of making aquaculture practices more sustainable. In this study, we tested four customised diets composed by systematic inclusion of pre-selected fish meal substitutes, lupin kernel meal, BSF meal, TH and PBM on growth, metabolism, cytokine profile, gut morphology and microbiota of juvenile Lates calcarifer. Five isoproteic and isoenergetic diets were prepared viz. FM100 as a control (without fish meal substitute), while FM75, FM50, FM25 and FM0 indicates replacement of fish meal (FM) at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, respectively by a mixture of four different pre-selected non-fish meal (NFM) ingredients. Fish fed FM100, FM75, FM50, FM25 exhibited consistent growth and haematological response, while the fish fed no fishmeal (FM0) showed significant decline in final body weight (FBW) and specific growth rate (SGR). The poor growth performance was correlated with a decrease in villous width, microvilli height and goblet cells density. A significant shift in abundance profile of Psychrobacter in the gut microbial profile of fish fed FM50 was noticed compared to fish fed FM100. The results of qRT-PCR showed up-regulated expression of innate immune responsive genes in the FM50 group. The adverse impacts on growth performance and gut health of fish fed FM0 suggest that the complete substitution of fishmeal is not advisable and the inclusion range of these alternatives should be decided for a species only after examining their effect on maximal physiological performance.

scholarly journals 129 The effect of Activo Liquid supplemented via the water against Mecadox 50 on nursery pig’s growth performance and survival

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
Rafael A Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feeding Program

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare Activo Liquid supplemented via the water agaisnt Mecadox 50 on nursery pigs’ growth performance and survival. Activo Liquid is a combination of secondary plant compounds plus organic acid (antimicrobial) supplemented in the water to support gut health and improve performance. The study design of this trial was a Split Plot with 36 replicates (9 replicates/treatment) with 10 pigs/pen. Pigs were allotted by a Randomized Complete Block Design by weight at weaning. Pigs were around 5.7 kg and 19 days of age average on body weight and weaning age, respectively. The nursery houses were not washed for two turns to expose the animals to serious pathogens. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance with pen as the experimental unit. Significant differences were established by P < 0.05. Treatments were Control with 50g/ton of Mecadox for all nursery phases and three Activo Liquid treatments (6 oz per 128 gallon of drinking water administered either for 3, 5 or 7 days post-weaning). A typical nursery feeding program was followed: Phase 1 from d 0 to d 7, Phase2 from d 8 to d 21 and Phase 3 from d 22 to d4 2. They contain 23%, 21% and 19% crude protein respectively. The results showed no significant difference on final body weight among the treatments. All Activo treatments had improved (P < 0.05) feed conversion (Feed:Gain) when compared with the medicated treatment. Activo Liquid 5d treatment post-weaning had numerically lower mortality when compared with all the other treatments. In conclusion, the results of this trial showed that the supplementation of Activo Liquid for 5 d post-weaning at 6 oz/128 gallon of water can safely replace Mecadox 50 g/ton. More research is needed to validate the repeatability of these results and understand Activo Liquid’s mode of action as a powerful antimicrobial.

scholarly journals Algae-Derived Polysaccharides Promote Growth Performance by Improving Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Barrier Function in Broiler Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chao Liu ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Zhi-Hui Zhao ◽  
Rajesh Jha ◽  
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Final Body Weight

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of dietary algae-derived polysaccharides (ADPs) from Enteromorpha on growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal permeability, and antioxidant capacity in serum, liver, and intestinal mucosa of broilers. Three hundred and ninety six day-old male chicks were randomly assigned to six dietary treatments containing 0 (Control), 1,000, 2,500, 4,000, 5,500, and 7,000 mg ADP/kg basal diet in a 35 day feeding trial. During day 1–21, compared with the control group, dietary 1,000–7,000 mg/kg ADP supplementation improved the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (p &lt; 0.05). Overall (day 1–35), dietary inclusion of 1,000 mg/kg ADP increased the final body weight and ADG (p &lt; 0.05). Besides, on day 21, dietary 2,500 mg/kg ADP supplementation increased the serum catalase (CAT) and liver total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities (p &lt; 0.05), whereas dietary 1,000–5,500 mg/kg ADP supplementation decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in serum and liver (p &lt; 0.05). On day 35, supplementation of 1,000 mg/kg ADP increased the serum glutathione peroxidase and CAT activities and liver T-SOD activities (p &lt; 0.05). It decreased the MDA level of serum and liver (p &lt; 0.05). Also, dietary 2,500 mg/kg ADP increased the villus height of jejunum and ileum on day 21 (p &lt; 0.05), and dietary 4,000 mg/kg ADP increased the villus height of duodenum and ileum on day 35 (p &lt; 0.05). On day 21, dietary 4,000 mg/kg ADP increased the CAT activities of the duodenum and T-SOD activities of jejunum and ileum and decreased the MDA contents in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (p &lt; 0.05). On day 35, dietary inclusion of 1,000–7,000 mg/kg ADP reduced MDA contents of duodenum and jejunum (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, dietary inclusion of ADP at 1,000–7,000 mg/kg decreased serum DAO activities at day 21 and day 35 (p &lt; 0.05), and the serum D-lactic acid concentration was reduced by dietary supplementation of 1,000, 2,500, and 7,000 mg/kg ADP on day 21. In conclusion, dietary ADP exerted beneficial effects on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut health in broilers; based on the studied parameters, the appropriate recommended dose is 1,000–4,000 mg/kg. These findings provided new insights into the potential application of ADP as natural growth promoters in broilers.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Ginsenoside Rg1 Supplementation on Growth Performance, Gut Health, and Serum Immunity in Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehe Song ◽  
Kaihuan Xie ◽  
Yunlu Zhang ◽  
Qian Xie ◽  
Xi He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg1 ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Crypt Depth

The restriction and banning of antibiotics in farm animal feed has led to a search for promising substitutes for antibiotics to promote growth and maintain health for livestock and poultry. Ginsenoside Rg1, which is one of the most effective bioactive components in ginseng, has been reported to have great potential to improve the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative status of animals. In this study, 360 Chinese indigenous broiler chickens with close initial body weight were divided into 5 groups. Each group contained 6 replicates and each replicate had 12 birds. The experimental groups were: the control group, fed with the basal diet; the antibiotic group, fed basal diet + 300 mg/kg 15% chlortetracycline; and three Rg1 supplementation groups, fed with basal diet + 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg ginsenoside Rg1, respectively. The growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health of birds were examined at early (day 1–28) and late (day 29–51) stages. Our results showed that dietary supplementation of 300 mg/kg ginsenoside Rg1 significantly improved the growth performance for broilers, particularly at the late stage, including an increase in final body weight and decrease of feed conversion ratio (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the integrity of intestinal morphology (Villus height, Crypt depth, and Villus height/Crypt depth) and tight junction (ZO-1 and Occludin), and the secretion of sIgA in the intestine were enhanced by the supplementation of Rg1 in chicken diet (P &lt; 0.05). The immune organ index showed that the weight of the thymus, spleen, and bursa was significantly increased at the early stage in ginsenoside Rg1 supplementation groups (P &lt; 0.05). Our findings might demonstrate that ginsenoside Rg1 could serve as a promising antibiotic alternative to improve the growth performance and gut health for broiler chickens mainly through its amelioration of inflammatory and oxidative activities.

scholarly journals Effects of Phenylpyruvate on the Growth Performance and Intestinal Microbiota in Broiler Chicken

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir Zulqarnain Talpur ◽  
Peng Wentong ◽  
Yuxian Zeng ◽  
Peipei Xie ◽  
Jincheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Slaughter Performance ◽  
Cell Surface Structure

The purpose of this study was to see how dietary supplementation with phenylpyruvate affected broiler chicken growth, slaughter performance, gut health microbiota, and immunity. A total of 288 day old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to one of four groups (6 replicates each with 12 chicken). NC (basal diet), PC (basal diet plus antibiotic virginiamycin 15ppm), LCP and HCP (basal diet plus phenylpyruvate 1kg/t and 2kg/t, respectively). Results showed that PC had higher ADFI during the first 21 days, and better FCR than the NC, the LCP and HCP also improved broilers&rsquo; FCR 0.001 and 0.037% in relation to NC respectively. HCP has a higher all-eviscerated ratio than NC and less abdominal fat than LCP. HCP has increased villus length and crypt depth in the ileum compared to the NC. Bursa was lower in HCP and thymus was lower in LCP and PC. In contrast HCP have lower pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1, as well as lower TLR4. The phenylpyruvate improved family Selenomonadaceae, genus Megamonas Bacteroides species that are known for beneficial effects like for maintenance of the cell surface structure, regulating aromatic amino acids and C. jejuni-suppressive treatment respectively. Finally, phenylpyruvate feed supplement can be utilized to improve growth performance and positively modulate gut microbiota, however this is less efficient than antibiotics in improving growth performance, although more efficient in improving productive performance and gut morphology. Moreover, high dose of phenylpyruvate is more effective than low dose

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