scholarly journals Antioxidant and Ethylene-related Changes in `Chandler' Strawberry Fruit as Influenced by Maturity

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 807A-807
Author(s):  
Floyd M. Woods* ◽  
William A. Dozier ◽  
Robert C. Ebel ◽  
David G. Himelrick ◽  
Cecilia Mosjidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Fruit Pericarp

The relationship between fruit maturation and accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2), lipid peroxidation, ethylene (C2 H4) production, antioxidant activity (hydrophilic, lipophilic and total) and the antioxidant enzyme ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) in fruit pericarp tissue of `Chandler' (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) strawberry were measured. `Chandler' fruit pericarp maturation and ripening were accompanied by a decline in H2 O2 content early in fruit development followed by a rapid accumulation. An increase in membrane lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) coincided with accumulation of H2 O2, which preceded a rise in C2 H4 production. In general, antioxidant activity declined as fruit matured and ripened. APX enzyme activity increased by 2-fold and peaked at the pink stage of development and then gradually declined with ripening. H2 O2 may serve as a signal molecule to initiate the cascade of oxidative processes during maturation and ripening. APX enzyme activity during maturation and ripening was not substantial and thus, may not have a role in alleviating accumulation of H2 O2 and subsequent events related to oxidative senescence in fruit pericarp. To our knowledge, this is the first study to present fractionated antioxidant activities (HAA, LAA and TAA) from strawberry pericarp as assessed by the ABTS∼+ radical cation assay. A fundamental understanding of the mechanisms involved in the senescent related-oxidative changes during strawberry fruit ontogeny in relation to quality and nutrition is discussed.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Activities of Eleven Salvia Species

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Janicsák ◽  
István Zupkó ◽  
Imre Máthé ◽  
Judit Hohmann
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Reference Compound ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

The lipid peroxidation-inhibiting activities of aqueous methanolic extracts of eleven Salvia species (Fam. Lamiaceae) were evaluated in an enzyme-independent biological system. The total polyphenol contents and the amounts of the most abundant phenoloids of the genus, caffeic and rosmarinic acids, were also determined. The EC50 values of the extracts displayed substantial differences. All of the investigated species except S. jurisicii (EC50 191.2 μg/mL) exhibited higher activities than that of ascorbic acid (EC50 123.8 μg/mL), the reference compound. Among the studied species, S. scabiosifolia (EC50 5.4 μg/mL) demonstrated the highest effect, followed in sequence by S. dumetorum, S. transsylvanica, S. officinalis l albiflora, S. nemorosa l albiflora and S. recognita (EC50 6.5 – 10.2 μg/mL). The close correlation was confirmed between the antioxidant activities and the total phenol contents of the extracts. For caffeic and rosmarinic acids, the correlation was much weaker, indicating the important role of other polyphenols in the antioxidant activity.

A Study on the Antioxidant Activity and Tissues Selective Inhibition of Lipid Peroxidation by Saponins from the Roots of Platycodon grandiflorum

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (05) ◽  
pp. 967-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Jun Fu ◽  
Hong-Bing Liu ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Hua-Shi Guan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Platycodon Grandiflorum ◽  
Platycodi Radix ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Different Tissues ◽  
Selective Effects

Platycodi Radix is the root of Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC and has been used as a traditional medicine in China. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, Platycodi Radix (PR) possesses the character of lung meridian tropism (Guijing) and has selective effects on the lung and respiratory system. The aim of this study was to confirm the antioxidant effects of saponins from Platycodi Radix (PRS), with emphasis on its selective inhibition of lipid peroxidation in different tissues. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was determined by a H2O2/Fe2+ system; a modified thiobarbituric acid reactive species assay was used to measure the lipid peroxide in rats' tissues. These antioxidant activities were compared to ascorbic acid (Vc). The results showed that PRS had antioxidant activities in various antioxidant systems. And the inhibition capability of lipid peroxidation of PRS and Vc were excellent, but differed greatly in different tissues. These results suggested that PRS had antioxidant effects and selective inhibition of lipid peroxidation. It indicated that the mechanism of Platycodi Radix to treat some diseases might be related to its antioxidant activity, especially its tissue selective effects. However, further study is needed.

scholarly journals Hibiscus sabdariffaAffects Ammonium Chloride-Induced Hyperammonemic Rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohamed Essa ◽  
P. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Brain Tissues

Hibiscus sabdariffa(HS) is an edible medicinal plant, indigenous to India, China and Thailand and is used in Ayurveda and traditional medicine. Alcoholic extract of HS leaves (HSEt) was studied for its anti-hyperammonemic and antioxidant effects in brain tissues of ammonium chloride-induced hyperammonemic rats. Oral administration of HSEt (250 mg kg−1body weight) significantly normalizes the levels of ammonia, urea, uric acid, creatinine and non-protein nitrogen in the blood. HSEt significantly reduced brain levels of lipid peroxidation products such as thiobarbituric acid and reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides (HP). However, the administered extract significantly increased the levels of antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in brain tissues of hyperammonemic rats. This investigation demonstrates significant anti-hyperammonemic and antioxidant activity of HS.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species from Java Island, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Miftahudin ◽  
Rini Hasibuan ◽  
Tatik Chikmawati
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract. Miftahudin, Hasibuan RS, Chikmawati T. 2019. Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species from Java Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3715-3722. Three Selaginella species, S. ornata, S. plana, and S. willdenowii, from Java Island, Indonesia, have been known to have antioxidant properties; however, in vivo antioxidant activities of these species have not been reported. This research aimed to evaluate the in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of three Selaginella species. The 70% ethanol extract of three Selaginella species at four different doses was administered to mice one day before being treated with oxidative stress. The liver tissue of mice treated with or without oxidative stress was analyzed their lipid peroxidation by measuring MDA concentration and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activities. The results showed that there were variations in antioxidant activity among the three Selaginella species. In general, the dose of 0.3 g extract kg-1 BW has been able to reduce lipid peroxidation and increase SOD activity. The administration of S. ornata extract to the mice at 1.2 g extract kg-1 BW reduced the MDA concentration to the lowest level, but the same dose of two other Selaginella extracts caused toxic effects in mice. The antioxidant activities of S. ornata and S. plana were better than that of S. willdenowii extract, and among those species, S. ornata has the best antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts from nine different rose cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamadia Khurshid ◽  
Syed Mubashar Sabir ◽  
Shahid Iqbal Awan ◽  
Syed Rizwan Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Irshad
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Rose Petals

Rose petals have been applied as food additives in teas, cakes and flavor extracts. The aim of this research study was to explore and reveal the antioxidant potential of aqueous extracts of rose petals belonging to nine genotypes of rose (wild as well as hybrid). The in vitro antioxidant activities of roses were studied by lipid peroxidation assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, iron chelation assay, phosphomolybdenum reduction assay and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The aqueous extract showed inhibition against lipid peroxidation (TBARS), induced by prooxidants (10 µM FeSO4) in mice liver homogenate. The free radical scavenging activities of the extracts were determined by scavenging of the DPPH radical. Extracts also showed metal chelating activities and high antioxidant activity in the phosphomolybdenum assay. The high content of phenolics and flavonoids detected in aqueous extracts may be responsible for the antioxidant activity. Amongst the different rose genotypes, screened, Rosa moschata (musk rose) was found to carry slightly higher antioxidant potential, owing to its higher phytochemical content.

scholarly journals Oxidative interactions between haemoglobin and membrane lipid. A liposome model

1984 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Szebeni ◽  
C C Winterbourn ◽  
R W Carrell
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Glutathione Depletion ◽  
Unsaturated Lipid ◽  
Membrane Oxidation

The relationship between haemoglobin and membrane oxidation was studied using liposomes containing haemoglobin (haemosomes) as a red cell model. Rapid oxidation occurred in haemosomes formed from purified haemoglobin and unsaturated lipid (egg phosphatidylcholines). After 3 h at 37 degrees C most of the haemoglobin was oxidized, predominantly to methaemoglobin with some haemichrome formation. The oxidation of haemoglobin was paralleled by membrane lipid peroxidation as measured by thiobarbituric acid reactivity. These changes were largely abolished by using freshly prepared haemolysate instead of purified haemoglobin, or when haemosomes were prepared with saturated phosphatidylcholines. In haemosomes consisting of fresh haemolysate and saturated phosphatidylcholine, the rate of haemoglobin oxidation at 37 degrees C corresponded to that of non-encapsulated haemolysate, and after 4 months storage at 4 degrees C 45% of oxyhaemoglobin was oxidized. In haemosomes prepared from purified haemoglobin and egg lecithin, alpha-tocopherol, catalase and ascorbate each protected against both haemoglobin oxidation and lipid peroxidation. Superoxide dismutase or reduced glutathione had no effect. In unsaturated-lipid haemosomes containing haemolysate, the rate of haemoglobin oxidation increased when catalase was inhibited or reduced glutathione was depleted, but after long term incubation only concurrent catalase-inhibition and glutathione depletion could increase thiobarbituric acid reactivity. These results demonstrate a close interdependence between haemoglobin oxidation and lipid peroxidation, and show that constituents of haemolysate strongly protect against both processes. H2O2 appears to be an important mediator, with its removal by either catalase or the glutathione/glutathione peroxidase system protecting against both oxidative changes.

scholarly journals In vivo antioxidant potential of Teucrium polium, as compared to α-tocopherol

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Hasani ◽  
Nargues Yasa ◽  
Sanaz Vosough-Ghanbari ◽  
Azadeh Mohammadirad ◽  
Gholamreza Dehghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Teucrium Polium

In vivo antioxidant potential of Teucrium polium, as compared to α-tocopherol The present study was undertaken to explore antioxidant potential of Teucrium polium (Lamiaceae) in vivo. Antioxidant activity was measured by three tests including inhibition of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, total antioxidant power (TAP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in serum. Rats received dry extract of T. polium in 80% ethanol by intragastric intubation at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 daily for 14 days. Treatment of rats with T. polium extract showed significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH test as compared to the control. T. polium extract at doses of 50 and 100 mg kg-1 significantly increased rats TAP and decreased TBARS compared to the control. Administration of T. polium at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 per day did not significantly alter serum TAP and TBARS. Antioxidant activities of T. polium at a doses of 50 and 100 mg kg-1 were in all experiments comparable to that of α-tocopherol (10 mg kg-1).

scholarly journals Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Leaf and Root Volatile Oils of Morinda lucida

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday O. Okoh ◽  
Olayinka T. Asekun ◽  
Oluwole B. Familoni ◽  
Anthony J. Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
West African ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
African Countries

Morinda lucida (L.) Benth. (Rubiacae) is used in traditional medicine in many West African countries for the treatment of various human diseases. The leaves and roots of this plant were subjected to hydrodistillation to obtain volatile oils which were analyzed by high resolution GC/MS. Fifty compounds were identified in the leaf volatile oil and the major compounds were α-terpinene (17.8%) and β–bisabolene (16.3%). In the root oil, 18 compounds were identified, the major constituents being 3-fluoro- p-anidine (51.8%) and hexadecanoic acid (12.0%). Antioxidant activities of the oils were examined using the DPPH, ABTS, reducing power and lipid peroxidation assays. All assays were concentration dependent with varying antioxidant potentials. The antioxidant activity of the root volatile oil of M. lucida was similar to that of the standard drugs used.

scholarly journals Grapes, Wines and By-products as Potential Sources of Antioxidants

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Kanner ◽  
Edwin Frankel ◽  
Stella Harel ◽  
Bruce German
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
By Products

Several grape varieties and red wines were found to contain large concentration of phenolic compounds which work as antioxidant in-vitro and in-vivo. Wastes from wine production contain antioxidants in large amounts, between 2-6% on dry material basis. Red wines but also white wines were found to prevent lipid peroxidation of turkey muscle tissues stored at 5oC. The antioxidant reaction of flavonoids found in red wines against lipid peroxidation were found to depend on the structure of the molecule. Red wine flavonoids containing an orthodihydroxy structure around the B ring were found highly active against LDL and membrane lipid peroxidation. The antioxidant activity of red wine polyphenols were also found to be dependent on the catalyzer used. In the presence of H2O2-activated myoglobin, the inhibition efficiency was malvidin 3-glucoside>catechin>malvidin>resveratol. However, in the presence of an iron redox cycle catalyzer, the order of effectiveness was resveratol>malvidin 3-glucoside = malvidin>catechin. Differences in protein binding were found to affect antioxidant activity in inhibiting LDL oxidation. A model protein such as BSA, was investigated on the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds, grape extracts, and red wines in a lecithin-liposome model system. Ferulic acid followed by malvidin and rutin were the most efficient in inhibiting both lipid and protein oxidation. Catechin, a flavonal found in red-wines in relatively high concentration was found to inhibit myoglobin catalyzed linoleate membrane lipid peroxidation at a relatively very low concentration. This effect was studied by the determination of the by-products generated from linoleate during oxidation. The study showed that hydroperoxides are catalytically broken down, not to an alcohol but most probably to a non-radical adduct. The ability of wine-phenolics to reduce iron and from complexes with metals were also demonstrated. Low concentration of wine phenolics were found to inhibit lipoxygenase type II activity. An attempt to understand the bioavailability in humans of antocyanins from red wine showed that two antocyanins from red wine were found unchanged in human urine. Other antocyanins seems to undergo molecular modification. In hypercholesterolemic hamsters, aortic lipid deposition was significantly less in animals fed diets supplemented with either catechin or vitamin E. The rate of LDL accumulation in the carotid arteries was also significantly lower in the catechin and vitamin E animal groups. These results suggested a novel mechanism by which wine phenolics are associated with decreased risk of coronary heart diseases. This study proves in part our hypothesis that the "French Paradox" could be explained by the action of the antioxidant effects of phenolic compounds found at high concentration in red wines. The results of this study argue that it is in the interest of public health to increase the consumption of dietary plant falvonoids. Our results and these from others, show that the consumption of red wine or plant derived polyphenolics can change the antioxidant tone of animal and human plasma and its isolated components towards oxidative reactions. However, we need more research to better understand bioavailability and the mechanism of how polyphenolics affect health and disease.

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