scholarly journals Influence of Rainshelter and Irrigation Method on Yield, Water, and Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Chili Pepper

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1143A-1143
Author(s):  
Manuel Palada ◽  
Deng Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigated Crops ◽  
Use Efficiency

Chili pepper (Capsicumannuum cv. Delicacy) was grown in single- and double-bed rainshelters and irrigated using furrow and drip irrigation to determine effect on yield and efficiency of water and nutrient application in the lowland tropics of southern Taiwan during the hot wet season. The experiment was laid out using a split-plot design with four replications. The main plots were rainshelters (single, double, open field) and the two irrigation methods (furrow and drip) were the subplots. Grafted chili seedlings were transplanted in double rows on raised beds at row spacing of 80 cm and plant spacing of 50 cm. The furrow-irrigated crop was applied with basal N-P2O5-K2O at the rate of 180–180–180 kg·ha-1 and 240–150–180 kg·ha-1 of N-P2O5-K2O as sidedressing. The drip-irrigated crop received half of the total rate applied for the furrow-irrigated crop. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in marketable yield were observed between rainshelter treatments. Highest yield (42.2 t·ha-1) was produced from the single-bed rainshelter, and crops grown under double-bed rainshelters produced the lowest marketable yield. Irrigation method did not significantly influence marketable yield, but crops grown under drip irrigation produced a higher yield than furrow-irrigated crops. Nutrient uptake by plants grown under drip irrigation was also higher (P < 0.05) than for furrow-irrigated crops. Water use efficiency was 60.7% higher in drip-irrigated plots. Results indicate that in high rainfall vegetable production areas, drip irrigation minimizes nutrient loss through leaching and maximizes efficiency of fertilizer use.

scholarly journals Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Subirrigated Containerized Tomato

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1313
Author(s):  
Ariel Méndez-Cifuentes ◽  
Luis Alonso Valdez-Aguilar ◽  
Martín Cadena-Zapata ◽  
José Antonio González-Fuentes ◽  
José Alfredo Hernández-Maruri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Lower Biomass

Greenhouse cultivation is highly efficient in the use of water and fertilizers. However, due to intensive production, the greenhouse industry applies ample amounts of water and fertilizers. An alternative to minimize water and nutrient loss is zero-leaching systems, such as closed-loop subirrigation. The objective of the present study was to compare the water and fertilizer use efficiency in containerized tomato plants grown in a subirrigation system and a drip irrigation system. Subirrigated plants exhibited lower biomass than drip-irrigated plants. However, the amount of nutrient solution required to restore evapotranspirated water was lower in subirrigation. The yield was marginally decreased in subirrigated plants compared to drip-irrigated plants. The amount of nutrient solution required to produce 1 kg of fresh tomatoes was 22 L in subirrigation, whereas in drip irrigation, plants demanded 41 L. The total nitrogen applied through the nutrient solution was 75% lower in subirrigation than in drip irrigation, while the phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium applied was 66%, 59%, 70% and 74% lower, respectively. We concluded that the subirrigation system proved to be more water- and nutrient-efficient than the drip irrigation system due to the zero leaching of the nutrient solution, the lower number of irrigation events required and the lower nutrient demand of plants.

scholarly journals Replacing 30 % chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer increases the fertilizer efficiency, yield and quality of cabbage in intensive open-field production

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinwei Cui ◽  
Hongling Lu ◽  
Yaoxiong Lu ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Fuyuan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Efficiency ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT: The combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer is an effective way to improve soil fertility, crop yield and quality. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the yield, quality and fertilizer use efficiency of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) grown under different ratios of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer at a rate of 225 kg N ha-l in 2019 and 2020. The fertilizer treatments included N0 (non nitrogen fertilizer), CK (only compound fertilizer was applied, N:P:K=15.0 %:6.5 %:12.4 %), T1, T2 and T3 (organic fertilizer replaced 15 %, 30 % and 45 % chemical fertilizer, respectively), and T4 (total nutrient input was reduced by 10 % under T2). Results showed that T2 had the highest marketable yield and fertilizer use efficiency, as well as the best quality. The marketable yield, vitamin C content, soluble sugar content, REN (apparent uptake efficiency of fertilizer N) and AEN (agronomic N use efficiency) of T2 increased by 32.2 %, 14,9 %, 5.5 %, 97. % and 55.6 %, respectively, in contrast, the crude fibers decreased by 34.0 %, compared with CK in the two years. In addition, T4 guaranteed the yield and moderately improved the quality of cabbage, compared with CK. Therefore, we can alternatively apply fertilization according to the purpose of capturing the highest yield or properly declining fertilizer to sustain soil texture and productivity.

scholarly journals Rice Cultivation Technology at Low-Pressure Drop Irrigation in the Conditions of Kyzylorda Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Gulzinat Aldambergenova ◽  
◽  
Asylkhan Shomantaev ◽  
Mustafa Mustafayev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Wide Range

The article explores the method of drip irrigation of agricultural crops, which provides a high coefficient of irrigation water (80–95%) and land (95%) use. This method helps to significantly save irrigation water by reducing losses for evaporation and filtration outside the root system zone, which eliminates surface runoff, unevenness of irrigation and creates the ability to maximize the use of irrigated areas for agricultural crops. The use of drip irrigation in vegetable production in the south of Kazakhstan since 2000 has radically changed the approach to the “water – soil – plant” complex. The authors believe that a metered feeding regimen would form a new approach to irrigation of agricultural crops, such as rice. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) as a food culture serves as one of the products consumed in food. It is grown in 120 countries on the area of more than 165 million hectares. Rice, unlike other agricultural crops, has a high biological plasticity and adaptive ability, which in modern agriculture allows it to be cultivated in a wide range of climatic conditions and irrigation methods, such as flooding, periodic irrigation and dry conditions. In world practice a continuous flooding of checks was the most widespread method of watering. This technology consumes about 50% of the total volume of irrigation water or 30% of the world’s fresh water reserves. The irrigation rate of rice cultivated with the use of this technology is in the range of 20–25 thousand m3/ha, which significantly exceeds the biological water consumption of rice agrocenosis. A significant part of the irrigation water is lost for filtration, discharges and lateral outflows. Currently, the use of drip irrigation method in rice fields is poorly studied. The research is aimed at substantiating the technology of rice cultivation using a low-pressure drip irrigation method in the conditions of Kyzylorda region

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Pepper as Affected by Irrigation and Fertilization Regime

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vjekoslav TANASKOVIK ◽  
Ordan CUKALIEV ◽  
Rameshwar S. KANWAR ◽  
Lee K. HENG ◽  
Mile MARKOSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Drip Fertigation

The pepper producers in the Republic of Macedonia have used drip irrigation systems to increase yield in recent years, but more research is still needed, related to irrigation scheduling and precise requirement of nitrogen fertilizer to maximise pepper yield. Therefore, a two year experiment was conducted in a plastic house to determine the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) and yield potential of pruned pepper as affected by irrigation and fertilization regime. Four experimental treatments were applied in this study. Three of the treatments were drip fertigated (DF1, DF2, DF3), while the fourth treatment was furrow irrigated with conventional fertilization (ØB). The labelled urea with 1% concentration of a stable isotope of nitrogen (15N) was applied for determination of NFUE. The results of this study clearly showed that increased NFUE and pepper yield depend on irrigation and fertilization regime. Namely, NFUE was significantly increased with the application of nitrogen fertilizer through drip irrigation system as compared to conventional fertilization with furrow irrigation. Also, drip fertigation frequency positively affects percentage increase of NFUE. Furthermore, our results showed that drip fertigation treatments resulted in significantly higher pepper yields in comparison to conventional fertilization. Also, drip fertigation frequency at four and two days (DF2 and DF1) resulted in higher yields when compared with drip fertigation scheduled by using tensiometers (DF3). Generally, to reach acceptable pepper yield with high NFUE, we recommend drip fertigation with a frequency of two to four days combined with two main shoots of pruned pepper in order to increase farmer’s income and to minimize the environmental impact.

scholarly journals Deficit Irrigation as a Sustainable Practice in Improving Irrigation Water Use Efficiency in Cauliflower under Mediterranean Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkhalik ◽  
Pascual ◽  
Nájera ◽  
Baixauli ◽  
Pascual-Seva
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Irrigation Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water shortage is one of the major constraints in vegetable production. Deficit irrigation is a sustainable technique that improves irrigation water use efficiency. Field studies were conducted during two growing seasons to evaluate the effects of deficit irrigation on plant growth, plant water status, productive response (curd yield and quality), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), and crop profitability of cauliflower. Nine irrigation treatments were used, applying 100%, 75% (moderate), or 50% (severe) of the irrigation water requirements (IWR) during the entire growing season (Continued Deficit Irrigation, CDI), or 75% and 50% of IWR during one of the following stages (Regulated Deficit Irrigation, RDI): Juvenility, curd induction, and curd growth. Severe deficit irrigation applied during juvenility and curd induction reduced the plant size, but it only led to a significant reduction of marketable yield (22%), and average curd size and weight if it was maintained throughout the crop cycle, supposing the highest IWUE (43.6 kg m−3). Moderate CDI or severe RDI during juvenility did not reduce significantly the curd yield compared to fully irrigated plants (4.4 kg m−2), thereby obtaining similar gross revenues (16,859 € ha−1) with important water savings (up to 24.3%), improving IWUE (up to 34.2 kg m−3).

scholarly journals Growth and yield response of lettuce and tomato grown under drip and manual irrigation

2017 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Nelda Gonzaga ◽  
Sarah Lyn Pepito ◽  
Renan Octavio ◽  
Apolinario Gonzaga ◽  
Gordon Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Crown Size

Although there are new and innovative irrigation techniques available locally in Mindanao (Southern Philippines), growers still rely on the traditional method – manual irrigation. The study was conducted to determine the effects of irrigation method on the performance of lettuce and tomato. The study was laid out in factorial arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with different irrigation method (manual & drip) as treatments replicated three times. In tomato, drip irrigation produced larger fruits (polar & equatorial measurement), highest number of marketable fruits, and highest yield per hectare. While in lettuce, it resulted in larger crown size (polar measurement), highest marketable yield per plant and per hectare. The study suggests that drip irrigation could improve the present farming situation in Mindanao, considering its potential to sustain farming during times of climatic uncertainty. Thus, further trials are required to verify its effects before introduction throughout the region.

scholarly journals Response of Two Potato Varieties to Irrigation Methods in the Dry Mediterranean Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mubarak ◽  
Mussaddak Janat ◽  
Mohsen Makhlouf
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sprinkle Irrigation

Abstract Due to water scarcity and dry Mediterranean conditions, improving water use efficiency is a major challenge for sustainable crop production and environment protection. Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years (2010 and 2011) to assess the effects of variety and irrigation method on potato crop, following a 2 × 4 factorial experiment type arranged in a split plot design with two spring potato varieties (Spunta and Marfona), and four irrigation methods (drip irrigation with two modes of dripper spacing/dripper flow: 30 cm at 4 l/h and 60 cm at 8 l/h, sprinkle irrigation, and furrow irrigation), with three replicates. Potato was irrigated when soil moisture in the active root depth was within the range of 75-80% of field capacity as determined by the neutron probe technique. Results did not show any differences between both varieties. Moreover, no differences in marketable yield, total dry matter, and harvest index were found between irrigation methods. However, results showed that sprinkle irrigation significantly enhanced nitrogen use efficiency. Furthermore, both water productivity and irrigation water use efficiency were significantly increased under drip irrigation compared with the other irrigation methods. They were about twice those under furrow irrigation, indicating that the employment of drip irrigation method can effectively address water shortage and sustainable potato production, in the dry Mediterranean region.

scholarly journals Management of Irrigation for Vegetables: Past, Present, and Future

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvadore J. Locascio
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Irrigated Crops ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The U.S

Vegetables are grown throughout the U.S. on various soil types and in various climates. Irrigation is essential to supplement rainfall in all areas to minimize plant water stress. In the U.S., irrigated vegetable production accounts for about 1.9 million ha or 7.5% of the irrigated area. California, Florida, Idaho, Washington, Texas, Nebraska, Oregon, Wisconsin, and Arizona account for 80% of the U.S. production of irrigated vegetables. In the U.S., surface and subsurface (seepage) irrigation systems were used initially and are currently used on 45% of all irrigated crops with a water use efficiency of 33%. Sprinkler or overhead irrigation systems were developed in the 1940s and are currently used extensively throughout the vegetable industry. Sprinkler systems are used on 50% of the irrigated crop land and have a water use efficiency of 75%. In the late 1960s, microirrigation (drip or trickle) systems were developed and have slowly replaced many of the sprinkler and some of the seepage systems. Microirrigation is currently used on 5% of irrigated crops. This highly efficient water system (90% to 95%) is widely used on high value vegetables, particularly polyethylene-mulched tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), pepper (Capsicum annuum), eggplant (Solanum melongena), strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa), and cucurbits. Some advantages of drip irrigation over sprinkler include reduced water use, ability to apply fertilizer with the irrigation, precise water distribution, reduced foliar diseases, and the ability to electronically schedule irrigation on large areas with relatively smaller pumps. Drip systems also can be used as subsurface drip systems placed at a depth of 60 to 90 cm. These systems are managed to control the water table, similar to that accomplished with subsurface irrigation systems, but with much greater water use efficiency. Future irrigation concerns include continued availability of water for agriculture, management of nutrients to minimize leaching, and continued development of cultural practices that maximize crop production and water use efficiency.

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