scholarly journals Assessment of radiation hazard of uranium enterprises for the environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
A. M. Muzafarov ◽  
G. M. Allaberganova ◽  
R. A. Kulmatov
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Tailings Dams ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Radioactive Radiation ◽  
The Republic

The purpose of the article is to describe monitoring studies on the radiation state of air in populated and working areas near the uranium processing enterprise in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Ac-cording to the analytical measurement, the exposure dose of gamma radiation is equivalent to the equilibrium volume activity of radon, specific activity of long-lived alpha-emitting nuclides in the zone of influence of the enterprise, the working area, premises for storing uranium materials and manufacturing dumps, tailings dams and areas of underground uranium leaching. It was shown that the measurement results do not exceed the regional background and regulatory levels of radioactive radiation by all indicators. The dependence of the volume activity of radon at production facilities on the density of the radon flux from the soil was studied. The most intensive radioactive objects – uranium dumps – were identified. It was found out that there is no excess radioactive impact of the uranium enterprise on the environmental objects.

Assessment of the volume activity of α-radioactive wastes on surface and specific contamination by portable γ-spectrometry method

2020 ◽  
pp. 468-473
Author(s):  
I. P. Korenkov ◽  
A. I. Ermakov ◽  
A. B. Mayzik ◽  
T. N. Laschenova ◽  
V. N. Klochkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Germanium Detectors ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
Β Decay ◽  
Γ Spectrometry

The aim of the study is to evaluate the volume activity of radioactive waste (RW) by surface and specific alpha contamination using portable gamma-spectrometry.Materials and methods. Methods of rapid assessment of the content of α-emitting radionuclides in solid waste of various morphologies using gamma-spectrometers based on germanium detectors are considered. Computational methods for determining the effectiveness of radionuclide registration are presented.Results. The possibility of using portable gamma-ray spectrometry to assess the surface and specific activity of various materials contaminated with α-emitters (232Th, 235U, 238U, 237Np, 239Pu, 240Pu and 241Am) is shown. The calculated values of the registration efficiency of low-energy gamma-emitters obtained by modeling the spatial-energy parameters of the detector are given.To simplify the solution of this problem, the calculation program used 20 standard templates of various geometries (rectangular, cylindrical, conical, spherical, etc.). The main sources of error in the survey of contaminated surfaces, largesized equipment and building structures were investigated.Conclusions. The possibilities of portable γ-spectrometry for estimating the volume of RW based on the surface density of contamination of materials with radionuclides of uranium and transuranic elements are investigated. When using γ-spectrometer with a high-purity germanium detector with a range of γ-quanta extended in the low-energy region, radionuclides such as 232Th, 235U,238U, 237Np, 241Am were determined by their own radiation or by the radiation of their daughter products.The “problem” element is plutonium, for rapid evaluation of which it is proposed, in accordance with the radionuclide vector methodology, to use 241Am, which accumulates during the β-decay of 241Pu.According to calculations, the most likely value of the activity ratio 239Pu/241Am for the object where the work was performed (scaling factor) varies in the range from 5.0 to 9.0.Based on the results of calculations and experimental studies, the parameters of the efficiency of registration of various α-emitting radionuclides by portable γ-spectrometers. It has been found that for germanium detectors with an absolute efficiency of registering a point source of 7÷15%, it is n×10–5÷n×10–4%.

scholarly journals Technical requirements for acceptance of works on track

Tehnika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-444
Author(s):  
Zdenka Popović ◽  
Luka Lazarević ◽  
Milica Mićić ◽  
Nikola Mirković
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Track Geometry ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
National Technical ◽  
Track Condition ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technical Regulations

This paper presents technical requirements for acceptance of track works according to European standard EN 13231-1, which was adopted as Serbian standard in 2014. The standard applies to track with standard gauge (1435 mm) layed in ballast bed. Requirements for acceptance of works should be applied for laying of the new track, as well as for reconstruction, renewal and maintenance of the existing track. Paper points out that, despite of established legal framework in the Republic of Serbia, national technical regulations are still not harmonised with the requirements of the standard. The special importance is drawn to establishment of the procedures for measuring the relevant parameters and controling the track condition, as well as procedures for documenting measurement results and performed controls. In addition, paper shows prescribed tolerances for track geometry parameters and track superstructure elements according to EN 13321-1. Acceptance deadline has special importance and it should be defined in the contract between Infrastructure Manager and Contractor.

Organic Рollutants in the Snow Cover of the Working Zone and in the Area of Influence of Oil Depots of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
A.Ya. Ribkin ◽  
S.G. Dyachkova ◽  
A.A. Chayka
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Working Zone ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Area Of Influence ◽  
The Rose

Monitoring data on gas-liquid chromatography (GCH) and chromato-mass spectrometric (HMS) qualitative and quantitative composition of organic pollutants in the snow cover of working zones and in the zones of influence of oil depots of the Republic are considered Sakha (Yakutia).However, the toxological activity of the snow cover of the working areas of the tank farms under study, determined by benzo(α)pyrene equivalent, is low and lies in the 2x10-3 area. t has been established that the content of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the snow cover of the zone of influence of enterprises does not exceed 150 micrograms/m2, the area of distribution of organic pollutants is directly related to the rose of winds in the area of the oil depot.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL RADIATION HAZARD OF THE FORMER URANIUM FACILITIES FOR THE POPULATION OF THE ISTIKLOL CITY OF THE REPUBLIC OF TADZHIKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh. M. Nazarov ◽  
K. A. Ermatov ◽  
D. A. Salomov ◽  
S. M. Bahronov ◽  
U. M. Mirsaidov
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
External Irradiation ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Volumetric Activity ◽  
Population Groups

The article presents the results of alpha, gamma spectrometric analyzes of samples, dosimetry, radon monitoring of the estimated areas in the Istiklol city. It has been established that the specific activity of radionuclides for uranium and radium in the tailing materials are in the range: 1405 – 2140, 5935 – 9843 Bq / kg, respectively. Based on the results of the monitoring of gamma radiation and radon volume activity at Istiklol city sites, it has been established that gamma radiation ambient equivalent dose rate varies from 0.52 to 1.78 μSv / h, and radon volume activity in air ranges from 20 and 45 Bq / m3. It is shown that the radon concentration in the air above the surface of tailings is not high. However, the exhalation of radon from the soil surface of all the tailings dumps examined is above the standard (1 Bq / (m2·s). The results of measurements of radon volume activity in the air of residential buildings and facilities located on the territory of Istiklol city have shown that the value of radon volume activity is within the limits of 44 – 195 Bq / m3. A high value of radon volume activity is noted in the former dilapidated plant (1319 Bq / m3). Gamma and alpha spectrometric studies revealed that the average values   of the activity concentration of uranium and radium in the soils for tailings and the pit are for 234U – 65365 Bq / kg, for 238U – 50295 Bq / kg, and for 226Ra – 3800 Bq / kg. To estimate the doses of population irradiation via the water pathway were taken the average values   of the volumetric activity of 234U, 238U, 226Ra in the waters. Maximum values   of volumetric activity of radionuclides were observed in samples of drainage water, Bq / m3: 234U – 530000, 238U – 390000, 226Ra – 185. To calculate the contributions of various radiation factors to an additional annual dose of irradiation, the population was divided into four hypothetical groups. The time duration of stay of various hypothetical population groups in the areas of potential irradiation, radiation dose due to water use from contaminated water sources and additional factors in Istiklol were taken into account.The main contributor to the additional radiation dose received by hypothetical population groups is external irradiation during the stay on the territory of the FBR and tailing dumps, and internal irradiation due to the use of contaminated water.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF NON-TUBERCULOSIS MYCOBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Y.R. Kamalieva ◽  
◽  
D.N. Mingaleev ◽  
R.Kh. Ravilov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Species List ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bovine Tuberculin

The purpose of this work was to identify mycobacteria of non-tuberculosis type isolated from environmental objects in the Republic of Tatarstan. The article presents the result of identification of mycobacteria of non-tuberculous type in samples of washout from environmental objects obtained from farms with an identified species list of circulating mycobacteria of non-tuberculous type from reacting to tuberculin cattle by polymerase chain reaction in real time. In the course of our research, we found that nonspecific allergic reactions to bovine tuberculin in these farms are caused by contamination with mycobacteria of a non-tuberculosis type of livestock premises and soils near farms.

scholarly journals Test method for determining phosphate ions in organic products and soil using blister cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Sergey L. Belopukhov ◽  
◽  
Alexey V. Jevnerov ◽  
Andrey V. Bochkarev ◽  
Ravil F. Baibekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Color Processing ◽  
Good Convergence ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Visual Testing

A test method for the determination of phosphates in environmental objects has been developed, the determination of phosphate ions can be carried out in the field, the analysis of one sample is carried out for 10-15 minutes. Color characteristics can be monitored both visually and using color processing programs for smartphones such as ON Color Measure or Light Analyzer. Variants of compositions of a series of placers are proposed for visually blister colorimetric determination of phosphate ion concentrations in a blister cell (tablet for tablets) containing a mixture of reagents. The placers allow the quantitative determination of phosphates in various objects without preliminary preparation of reagent solutions. The application of reagents to the surface of silica gel makes it possible to isolate all reagents until a chemical reaction occurs. Each component in a separate placer is isolated, stable for 6 months. Test systems are recommended for semi-quantitative visual testing and for the quantitative determination of the content of phosphate ions in solutions. The composition and application conditions of crystalline substances - reagents capable of providing a sufficiently high acidity with the addition of a few drops of a solution and a reducing agent suitable under blister conditions have been optimized. Visual-colorimetric reaction is carried out under conditions when the volume of the added solution is 2-3 drops. In the environmental objects of the Belogorsky district of the Republic of Crimea, the concentrations of phosphate ions in water samples, soil of carbonate chernozem, biomass of cellulose-containing waste of lavender after extraction of lavender essential oil grown by organic farming were determined. The phosphate content was estimated by the visual blister method in the samples and standard methods, and good convergence of the analysis results was shown.

scholarly journals River Waters Hardness Variations on the Territory of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Given

One of the main criteria for river water quality is overall hardness, the value of which determines its suitability for use in various sectors of the national economy.Availability of the many-year information about the magnitude of the overall hardness of the river waters of the Republic of Tatarstan served as the basis for analyzing its changes in time and space. As an integral indicator, the average annual value of the overall hardness is chosen, the distribution of which throughout the territory of the Republic is clearly reflected in the given skeleton maps. A comparative analysis of the total hardness of river waters, observed in the XX and XXI centuries, showed that its value remained within the category of moderate, medium hardness and hard waters, but there was a redistribution of these values in space. Since the formation of rigidity largely depends on local features of the territory and, first of all, on the heterogeneity of the geological structure of the basin, the analysis of its changes was made commensurate with the geological structure of the three large geographical regions of the Republic of Tatarstan − Pre-Volga, Pre-Kama and Zakamye.The formation of hardness is also influenced by the anthropogenic factor. In the zone of influence of large reservoirs, created in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, a rise in the level of groundwater is observed, changing not only the nature of the underground supply of water bodies of the Republic, but also the quality of river water. The redistribution of general hardness in the south-east of the republic is connected with the activities of oil enterprises, which make significant adjustments to the hydro/chemical composition of natural waters.

scholarly journals Morphology of trachea of mature chickens, grown under the conditions of radioactive contamination

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (95) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
L. P. Horalskyi ◽  
I. M. Sokulskyi ◽  
N. V. Demus ◽  
O. K. Levchuk
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Radioactive Contamination ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Folded Structure ◽  
Cesium 137 ◽  
Experimental Group

The features of macro- and microscopic structure and morphometric parameters of the trachea of chickens of the Black Moscow breed of 180 days of age grown in conditionally pure and II zone of radioactive contamination are presented in the work using radiological, morphological, morphometric and statistical methods of research. It has been found that the presence of chickens in radioactively contaminated territories, feeding them with locally-sourced food, has an adverse effect on the respiratory organs, including the trachea. According to the results of radiological research, the increase of gamma background was established in the territory where the experimental part of the research was conducted. Thus, according to our observations, the specific power of the exposure dose of gamma rays for cesium-137 in the territory where the experimental animals were kept was almost in 3–3.5 times higher than this indicator for the relatively pure radioactive contamination of the territory. The specific activity of the diet for cesium-137 in chickens of 180 days of the experimental group was almost 8.5 times higher than in the control group of animals and was 13.4–16.0 Bq/kg, compared with the control (1.64–1.82 Bq/kg), indicating the cumulative capacity of this isotope. According to our research, the trachea of chickens of the experimental group has a pale pink color and is built of cartilage rings (110–120 units), which have a rounded shape. Its wall is formed by the mucous and fibrous cartilage and adventitia. The mucous membrane has a folded structure and is lined with multilayered ciliated epithelium and contains glands. Four types of cells are well differentiated into the epithelium: basal, ciliated, endocrine, and goblet. The fibrous cartilage sheath is formed by tracheal cartilages, which are interconnected by a dense fibrous connective tissue. The histoarchitectonics of the trachea of chickens reared in the second zone of radioactive contamination is similar to that of chickens in the control group. However, our morphometric studies noted that the animals of the experimental group increased the size of the terminal parts of the tracheal glands, thickened connective tissue capsules of the lymph nodes. The absolute body mass of the chickens of the experimental group, compared with the control group, tends to decrease and is respectively 2.96 ± 0.19 g, while the relative weight of the organ significantly (P ≤ 0.001) decreases to 0.284 ± 0.027%. In addition, for 180-day-old chickens that were constantly under radioactive contamination, the thickness of the mucous, fibrous, cartilage, and adventitious membranes tended to decrease compared to chickens from the conditionally clear area for radioactive contamination.

scholarly journals RADIOECOLOGICAL SITUATION ON THE TERRITORY OF BORODULIKHA VILLAGE OF BORODULIKHA DISTRICT, EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8(58)) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
A.V. Lipikhina ◽  
T.Zh. Muldagaliev ◽  
Y.Y. Brait ◽  
F.V. Konovalova ◽  
A.E. Mansarina
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Beta Particle ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Radioactive Elements ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Radiation Medicine

As part of the research work on the topic «Development of scientific and methodological foundations for minimizing the environmental burden, medical support, social protection and health improvement of the population of environmentally unfavorable territories of the Republic of Kazakhstan», the Research Institute of Radiation Medicine and Ecology carried out radioecological studies on the territory of Borodulikha village of Borodulikha district of East Kazakhstan region in May 2018. Radiation parameters of the environmental situation (MED, radon concentration, alpha and beta particle flux densities, the content of radioactive elements in environmental objects).

scholarly journals Reaksi Pasar terhadap Perpindahan Ibu Kota Negara Republik Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2795
Author(s):  
Dicky Wahyudi Rumaday ◽  
Maria Mediatrix Ratna Sari
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Return ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Market Reaction ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Average Abnormal Return ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Event Date ◽  
The Republic

This research is an event study that aims to determine the market reaction arising from the movement of the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia. The date chosen as the event date is April 29, 2019 when the issue first came out and August 26, 2019 when the official announcement. The samples used in this study are all companies included in the LQ45 index for the February-July 2019 and August 2019-January 2020 periods. The data analysis technique used is the different test. The results showed there were no differences in the average abnormal return before and after the issue first came out, but there were differences in the average abnormal return before and after the official announcement. There is a difference in the average trading volume activity before and after the issue first came out and when the official announcement of the move of the capital of the Republic of Indonesia. Keywords: Market Reaction; Abnormal Return; Trading Volume Activity; Capital Movement.

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