Vision 2020: The Health Sector in Nigeria’s Economic Growth; 1975-2008

The study focused on the impact of health and agriculture financing on economic growth in Nigeria from 1981 to 2019. The study utilized the time series data which was extracted from Central Bank of Nigeria annual statistical bulletin. Unit Root test was performed with the use of Augmented Dickey-Fuller test in order to ascertain the stationarity of all the variables and they were all found to be stationary at order 1 in the two specified models (composite and disaggregated). Error Correction Model (ECM) was used to analyze the data in order to determine the speed of adjustment from the short run to the long run equilibrium state. Casualty test was used to confirm causal relationship among the variables of interests. The study revealed that Federal Government expenditure in Health sector has a significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. Federal Government expenditure in Agricultural sector equally had a positive effect on economic growth but surprisingly not significant. Considering the disaggregated form, Federal Government capital expenditure in both Health and Agricultural sectors have positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth while Federal Government recurrent expenditure on health has a positive and statistically insignificant effect in economic. It was also revealed that there is causal relationship among the variables. Based on the findings, the study concluded that Federal Government Expenditure in Health Sectors and Agriculture Sectors have effect on economic growth in Nigeria.

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ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH SEKTOR PENDIDIKAN DAN KESEHATAN, INFLASI DAN KEMISKINAN TERHADAP INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis ◽

10.54367/jmb.v20i2.1010 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 174-186

Author(s):

A. Mahendra

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Government Expenditure ◽

Health Sector ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Development Index ◽

Moderating Variables ◽

Year 2000

This research is intended to know the influence of government expenditure on education and health sector, inflation, and poverty on human development index with economic growth as a moderating variables in Indonesia. Population in this research is Indonesia and 20 of them were selected to be the samples for this research through purposive sampling technique. Estimates conducted by the multiple regression analysis. The data that were used in this study were secondary data, consisted of Government Expenditure, Inflation, and Poverty to human development index for the year 2000-2019. The results of this research, that Based on the partial test (t test), the Poverty variable has no significant effect while the Inflation and Government Expenditure variables have a significant effect on the variables of the human development index in Indonesia, the simultan test (F test), government expenditure, inflation, and poverty have a significant effect on the variables of the human development index. The economic growth variables are unable to moderate the relationship between government expenditure, inflation and poverty on the human development index.

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Immunisation financing and programme performance in the Middle East and North Africa, 2010 to 2017

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001248 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. e001248

Author(s):

Helen Saxenian ◽

Nahad Sadr-Azodi ◽

Miloud Kaddar ◽

Kamel Senouci

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Middle East ◽

North Africa ◽

Low Income ◽

Health Sector ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Life Saving ◽

Fiscal Space

Immunisation is a cornerstone to primary health care and is an exceptionally good value. The 14 low-income and middle-income countries in the Middle East and North Africa region make up 88% of the region’s population and 92% of its births. Many of these countries have maintained high immunisation coverage even during periods of low or negative economic growth. However, coverage has sharply deteriorated in countries directly impacted by conflict and political unrest. Approximately 1.3 million children were not completely vaccinated in 2017, as measured by third dose of diphtheria–pertussis–tetanus vaccine. Most of the countries have been slow to adopt the newer, more expensive life-saving vaccines mainly because of financial constraints and the socioeconomic context. Apart from the three countries that have had long-standing assistance from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, most countries have not benefited appreciably from donor and partner activities in supporting their health sector and in achieving their national and subnational immunisation targets. Looking forward, development partners will have an important role in helping reconstruct health systems in conflict-affected countries. They can also help with generating evidence and strategic advocacy for high-priority and cost-effective services, including immunisation. Governments and ministries of health would ensure important benefits to their populations by investing further in their immunisation programmes. Where possible, the health system can create and expand fiscal space from efficiency gains in harmonising vaccine procurement mechanisms and service integration; broader revenue generation from economic growth; and reallocation of government budgets to health, and from within health, to immunization.

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Vulnerability, health and disasters in São Paulo coast (Brazil): challenges for a sustainable development

Ambiente & sociedade ◽

10.1590/1809-4422asoc0102r2vu18l1ao ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (0) ◽

Author(s):

LUCIANA DE RESENDE LONDE ◽

LÍVIA GONZAGA MOURA ◽

MARCOS PELLEGRINI COUTINHO ◽

VICTOR MARCHEZINI ◽

ERICO SORIANO

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Sustainable Development ◽

Health Sector ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Environmental Disasters ◽

Risk Areas ◽

Basic Services ◽

Joint Evolution ◽

Demographic Growth

Abstract A large part of the world’s population lives in cities, with growing estimates for the coming years. Many agglomerations are in areas of greater vulnerability, such as the coast. Demographic growth demands a larger area, with expansion of public services and more local infrastructure. Economic growth, usually confused with development, can increase the risks of epidemics and disasters, when people start to live in risk areas and there is inequality in the provision of basic services. This work, within the scope of the joint evolution of the health sector and sustainable development as strategies to reduce vulnerability, makes a methodological cut for the coast of the state of São Paulo - Brazil, with analyzes of the connections with socio-environmental disasters data. The municipalities in this study present a good structure for monitoring the risk of disasters, but it is not enough to promote a sustainable development.

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Does investment in the health sector promote or inhibit economic growth?

Globalization and Health ◽

10.1186/1744-8603-9-43 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Aaron Reeves ◽

Sanjay Basu ◽

Martin McKee ◽

Christopher Meissner ◽

David Stuckler

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Health Sector

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PENGARUH PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH SEKTOR PENDIDIKAN, SEKTOR KESEHATAN DAN BELANJA MODAL TERHADAP INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA MELALUI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI (STUDI DI PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA)

JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DAN KEUANGAN DAERAH ◽

10.35794/jpekd.23428.19.8.2018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Andi Maujung Tjodi ◽

Tri Oldy Rotinsulu ◽

George M.V. Kawung

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Human Development ◽

Government Spending ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Capital Expenditure ◽

Health Sector ◽

Education Sector ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Development Index

ABSTRAK Menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dibutuhkan berbagai sarana dan prasarana seperti investasi di sektor pendidikan, kesehatan dan infrastruktur. Peran pemerintah dalam implementasi aspek pendidikan dan aspek kesehatan adalah melalui pengeluaran pemerintah. Hubungan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pembangunan manusia adalah ketika pendapatan atau PDB per kapita rendah akibat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang rendah, menyebabkan pengeluaran rumah tangga untuk peningkatan pembangunan manusia menjadi turun, begitu juga sebaliknya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah sektor pendidikan, sektor kesehatan dan belanja modal terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis jalur (path analysis) yang merupakan perluasan dari analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian sub-struktur 1 menunjukan bahwa pengeluaran pemerintah sektor pendidikan dan belanja modal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, sedangkan pengeluaran sektor kesehatan berpengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Kemudian sub-struktur II menunjukan bahwa pengeluaran pemerintah sektor pendidikan, sektor kesehatan dan belanja modal berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap IPM, sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap IPM. Kemudian nilai koefisien jalur menunjukan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan variabel intervening untuk variabel pengeluaran pemerintah sektor pendidikan dan belanja modal terhadap IPM. Kata Kunci: Pengeluaran Sektor Pendidikan, Pengeluaran Sektor Kesehatan, Belanja Modal, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia ABSTRACTCreating quality human resources needed various means and infrastructure such as investment in the sector of education, health and infrastructure. The role of government in the implementation of education aspects and health aspects is through government spending. The relationship of economic growth and human development is when the income of GDP per capital low due to low economic growth, causing household expenses for the improvement of human development to be down, so is the opposite. The purpose of this research to analyze the influence of the government’s spending of education sector, health sector and capital expenditure againts the human development index through economic growth. The method of data analysis used in this research is the analysis of the path (path analysis) which is the expansion of multiple linear regression analysis. The result of research sub-structure I shows that the government expenditure of education sector and capital expenditure affects positive and significant to economic growth, while the spending of health sector affects negative to economic growth. Then sub-structure II shows that the government’s spending of education sector, health sector and capital expenditure are the positive but insignificant againts HDI, while economic growth affects positive and significant towards HDI. Then the value of the path coefficient shows that economic growth is an intervening variable for the variable government spending on education and capital expenditure on the HDI. Keyword: Education sector spending, health sector spending, capital expenditure, human development index

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Causal Linkage amongst Public Expenditure on Health, Health Status and Growth: New Empirical Evidence from Toda-Yamamoto Approach for Nigeria

Journal of Scientific Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jsrr/2019/v24i330155 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stanley Emife Nwani ◽

Ikechukwu Kelikume

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Health Status ◽

National Health ◽

Health Expenditure ◽

Public Expenditure ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Health Sector ◽

Series Data ◽

Causality Test ◽

Integration Test

This study investigates the causal linkages amongst public expenditure on health, health status and economic growth in Nigeria using the Toda-Yamamoto technique. The choice of the Toda-Yamamoto approach is predicated on its simplicity and the ability to overcome the shortcomings inherent in the conventional causality procedures by producing more robust results through the estimation of the augmented VAR that guarantees the asymptotic distribution of the Wald statistic. To this end, the study collected annual time series data from the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Statistical bulletin and the World Development Indicator on public expenditure on health, life expectancy, infant mortality and real gross domestic product spanning 38 years from 1981 to 2018. The result of the study’s empirical analysis based on the co-integration test indicates that public health expenditure, health status and economic growth have long-run association. Further, the Toda-Yamamoto causality test result reveals the absence of causality between health expenditure and health status. Similarly, health status and economic growth are not causally interdependent. On the basis of the findings, the paper vehemently concludes that efforts to stimulate economic growth by targeting health outcomes improvement through public expenditure will be futile. As such, there is the need to develop better national health policy and programmes such as compulsory national health insurance that is capable of resolving the fundamental problems in the health sector. This would help integrate healthcare into the mainstream of the Nigerian economy.

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THE IMPACT OF INCREASING RETIREMENT AGE ON HEALTH SERVICES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BRAZIL

Revista de Economia e Agronegócio ◽

10.25070/rea.v16i1.546 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 29-41

Author(s):

André Berardo Coelho ◽

Nelson Leitão Paes

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Human Capital ◽

Capital Accumulation ◽

Health Sector ◽

Point Of View ◽

Retirement Age ◽

Human Capital Accumulation ◽

The Impact ◽

Health Care Production

This paper uses the Zon and Muysken (2001) model to investigate the effect of increasing the retirement age on health care production, human capital accumulation, and economic growth. All three sectors are interrelated, since the overall level of health affects both workers and the accumulation of human capital, while a higher level of human capital is related to better quality of health. And, finally, health and human capital affect the output of the economy. From the economic growth point of view the results seem to be positive. Increasing labor availability raises productivity in the health sector, which ultimately improves labor productivity, resulting in increased capital accumulation and economic growth. On the other hand, it is estimated a reduction in the propensity to consume and a smaller portion of the labor force allocated in the health sector.

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Reforming the health sector in South Africa – Post 1994

Risk Governance and Control Financial Markets & Institutions ◽

10.22495/rgcv5i3c2art2 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 167-179

Author(s):

Melody Brauns ◽

Anne Stanton

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Health Sector ◽

South African Government ◽

The South ◽

African Government

This article reviews the efforts of the South African government in recognising development challenges of the post-apartheid era and assesses the approaches employed to bring about economic growth and to address inherited inequalities.

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Advancing Medical Tourism in the United Arab Emirates: Toward a Sustainable Health Care System

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11010230 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 230 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hallow Al-Talabani ◽

Hasan Kilic ◽

Ali Ozturen ◽

Suhad Othman Qasim

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

Medical Tourism ◽

Health Sector ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Vision 2020 ◽

Finance System ◽

Health Related ◽

The Government ◽

Medical Infrastructure

Medical tourism provides an essential advantage for destinations. On the other hand, the knowledge of developing competitive medical tourism destinations is still limited. This study models a conceptual framework on novel ways of sustaining the United Arab Emirate (UAE) Vision 2020 with reference to the existing models on behavior. In the current study, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which is health-related, along with the Finance, System and connection (FSC) model, is employed. Using an empirically based methodology, the data for the investigation is collected with the aid of a questionnaire. As such, the study employs finance, system, and connections variables which are commonly adopted in testing medical tourism development. The designed model incorporates these three important factors that have remained the focal points in the world of medical tourism. Hence, the result reveals empirical evidence suggesting that the finance, system, and the connection factors significantly foster the growth of tourist arrivals in Dubai. Moreover, it predicates that the significant improvement in the economy of Dubai administrative government is likely to be connected with the development of its medical infrastructure. Additionally, by employing the use of SMART PLS (partial least square) software package, the structural analysis tests, like model fit, further affirms the robustness of the results. In addition, the study presents policy implication for the stakeholders in the health sector, tourism sector, and the government.

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