scholarly journals Contributory pension scheme and employee work attitude in the Nigerian Federal Civil Service

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
pp. 957-966
Author(s):  
Chiemeka Onyema
Keyword(s):  
Civil Service ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Attitude ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Federal Civil Service

This study investigated the effects of Contributory Pension Scheme on employee work attitude in the Nigerian Federal civil service. The study which is anchored on expectancy theory adopted a cross-sectional survey design. A sample of 1007 federal civil servants selected using total population sampling technique constituted the study participants. A structured questionnaire with a reliability co-efficient estimate of 0.742 was used to generate the quantitative data. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) aided the presentation and analysis of data relating to the objectives of study using frequency distribution table and, the test of research hypothesis with chi-square statistic. The study’s findings suggest that contributory pension scheme has had positive effects on employee work attitude in the Nigerian Federal civil service in Imo State. The study found a statistically significant relationship between the new contributory pension scheme and improved employee work attitude in the Nigerian federal civil service in Imo State. Based on the findings, the study recommended that government should strengthen the administration of the contributory pension scheme to further improve the work attitude of Nigerian civil servants and to enhance their efficiency.

scholarly journals Effects of the Monetisation Policy on employee performance in the Nigerian civil service

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian C. Ukwandu ◽  
Chiemeka Onyema
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Fringe Benefits ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Service Water ◽  
Federal Civil Service ◽  
The Government

Background: This article examined the enormous financial burden placed on the Federal Government of Nigeria by the management and maintenance of its civil servants. The cost of governance in Nigeria continues to rise mainly because of the provision of fringe benefits (such as free residential accommodation, medical services, transport facilities and utilities, including telephone service, water and electricity) to public servants. Yet, public employees’ performance continues to decline, which leads to low levels of human and physical infrastructure development.Aim: This article examines the effects of the rising cost of governance in Nigeria and how to enhance employee performance. The article interrogates the effects of the monetisation of fringe benefits policy (the Monetisation Policy) of the Obasanjo Administration (2003–2007).Setting: The study was conducted in the Federal Civil Service Secretariat in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.Methods: This article is anchored in social exchange theory. The study participants comprised 1007 federal civil servants selected from 32 federal establishments. The participants were selected using the total population sampling technique. A structured questionnaire with a reliability coefficient estimate of 0.742 was used to generate the data for the study. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) aided the presentation and analysis of data relating to the research objectives using frequency distribution tables and testing research hypotheses with chi-square statistics and Pearson’s product–moment correlation statistic.Results: The findings revealed that the Monetisation Policy has helped to enhance employee payment packages. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between high monetised benefits and high employee performance. The study found that the Monetisation Policy has had positive effects on employee performance in the federal civil service in Imo State.Conclusion: This study concludes that the Monetisation Policy has helped to enhance employee motivation and morale, and to reduce employee work-related stress, which are vital indicators of work efficiency. These factors do not only affect the contextual performance of the civil servants, but also predispose their task performance. The researchers recommend that the Monetisation Policy should be sustained. It is also recommended that the government should introduce other measures aimed at enhancing the motivation of employees who receive lower monetised benefits so as to further improve the overall performance of the Nigerian civil service.

scholarly journals Medical History of Meat Handlers and the Occurrence of Zoonotic Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Imo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
I. D. Stan-Ekezie ◽  
O. C. Abanobi ◽  
C. I. C. Ebirim ◽  
Sally Ibe ◽  
G. U. Onyeugo
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Checkup ◽  
Imo State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A study on the medical history of meat handlers and the occurrence of zoonotic Mycobacterium bovis infection in Imo State, Nigeria was carried out using one thousand two hundred respondents. A cross sectional survey was carried out in the three (3) senatorial zones Imo state Nigerian and a multistage sampling technique was used to choose the abattoirs under study. A well structured questionnaire was distributed and the data analyzed. Results showed lack of BCG awareness (OR=0.174; P=0.017) to be statistically significant to the occurrence of bovine TB, on the other hand the range of the various times respondents go for medical checkups was considered; those who often attend medical checkup against those who always go for medical checkup (OR=16.187; P=<0.0001), also those who never go for medical checkup against those that had medical checkup three months ago (OR=1.910; P=<0.001). It was observed in this study that lack of BCG awareness and the care free attitude to medical checkup pose as a risk factor to Mycobacterium bovis T.B among meat handlers. Therefore, there is need to initiate an awareness program on the importance of BCG intake in the fight against Mycobacterium bovis T.B and improve existing diagnostic test to specifically deter early phase of the infection.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of customer social participation for academic purposes: a case of informal WhatsApp groups

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A.I. Lakmali ◽  
Nalin Abeysekera ◽  
D.A.C. Suranga Silva
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Customer Participation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects

PurposeCustomer social participation (CSP) is a new phenomenon that has emerged with the evolution of social media. Current literature designates customer participation in social media as “CSP”. Although CSP has been investigated in the online brand community context in social media, it has been little investigated in the context of student customers using WhatsApp – a highly trending social media platform among learners. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of CSP in informal WhatsApp groups for academic purposes among undergraduate students of management studies.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a single cross-sectional survey design. A structured online questionnaire was employed. Using convenience sampling technique, data were collected from 170 undergraduates of the Bachelor of Management Studies programme at the Open University of Sri Lanka.FindingsThe results revealed significant positive effects of functional, social and hedonic benefits with CSP. Meanwhile, the relationship between psychological benefits and CSP was insignificant. Furthermore, there is no influence of age and level of study on CSP among the learners in informal WhatsApp groups. Moreover, at present, the level of CSP in WhatsApp for academic purposes among students is moderate.Originality/valueThe role of the student as the customer and student behaviour in informal WhatsApp groups established for academic purposes have been little investigated in the field of open and distance education services. In this context, this study empirically validated the model of participation benefits and CSP in WhatsApp groups informally established for academic purposes.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Elementary School Teachers about Effect of Physical and Emotional Violence on Students' Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-667
Author(s):  
Misbah Malik ◽  
Sumaira Munawar ◽  
Khadija Sittar
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
School Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Physical and emotional violence has become a serious problem in schools. Teachers are important part of the whole education system, therefore, their insights into school violence are essential to understand the problem. This study aimed to investigate the teachers’ perceptions about the effect of physical and emotional violence on students’ academic performance. A causal-comparative research design based on a cross-sectional survey was used. A self-developed and validated questionnaire was used to measure the level of teachers’ perceptions about physical and emotional violence and its effect on students’ academic performance. The reliability index (Cronbach’s alpha) of the questionnaire was 0.92. All the teachers of the public high schools of Lahore city were the population of the study. A sample of 300 teachers was taken through simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed by applying descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that teachers thought that many practices related to emotional and physical violence had positive effects on students’ performance. Majority of the teachers responded that they had to use many of the practices in order to put students’ attention towards their learning which ultimately improved their performance. Result of correlation analysis also confirmed that teachers’ practices related to physical and emotional violence were positively associated with students’ academic performance. It was also found that the physical and emotional violence was a significant predictor of students’ academic performance. On the basis of these results, it is recommended that school education department should conduct seminars and training workshops to educate teachers about negative effects of violent practices they are using to improve students’ performance. Keywords: Emotional violence, physical violence, academic performance Physical and emotional violence has become a serious problem in schools. Teachers are important part of the whole education system, therefore, their insights into school violence are essential to understand the problem. This study aimed to investigate the teachers’ perceptions about the effect of physical and emotional violence on students’ academic performance. A causal-comparative research design based on a cross-sectional survey was used. A self-developed and validated questionnaire was used to measure the level of teachers’ perceptions about physical and emotional violence and its effect on students’ academic performance. The reliability index (Cronbach’s alpha) of the questionnaire was 0.92. All the teachers of the public high schools of Lahore city were the population of the study. A sample of 300 teachers was taken through simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed by applying descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that teachers thought that many practices related to emotional and physical violence had positive effects on students’ performance. Majority of the teachers responded that they had to use many of the practices in order to put students’ attention towards their learning which ultimately improved their performance. Result of correlation analysis also confirmed that teachers’ practices related to physical and emotional violence were positively associated with students’ academic performance. It was also found that the physical and emotional violence was a significant predictor of students’ academic performance. On the basis of these results, it is recommended that school education department should conduct seminars and training workshops to educate teachers about negative effects of violent practices they are using to improve students’ performance.

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

Knowledge and Communication of the National Core Standards Tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie Thembisile Maphumulo ◽  
Busisiwe Bhengu
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Nurses

The National Department of Health in South Africa has introduced the National Core Standards (NCS) tool to improve the quality of healthcare delivery in all public healthcare institutions. Knowledge of the NCS tool is essential among healthcare providers. This study investigated the level of knowledge on NCS and how the NCS tool was communicated among professional nurses. This was a cross-sectional survey study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select hospitals that only offered tertiary services in KwaZulu-Natal. Six strata of departments were selected using simple stratified sampling. The population of professional nurses in the selected hospitals was 3 050. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit 543 participants. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 25. The study showed that only 16 (3.7%) respondents had knowledge about NCS, using McDonald’s standard of learning outcome measured criteria regarding the NCS tool. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the communication and knowledge was r = 0.055. The results revealed that although the communication scores for the respondents were high their knowledge scores remained low. This study concluded that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the NCS tool and therefore healthcare institutions need to commit themselves to the training of professional nurses regarding the NCS tool. The findings suggest that healthcare institutions implement the allocation of incentives for nurses that attend the workshops for NCS.

scholarly journals How Did Italian Adolescents with Disability and Parents Deal with the COVID-19 Emergency?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1687
Author(s):  
Silvia Faccioli ◽  
Francesco Lombardi ◽  
Pierantonio Bellini ◽  
Stefania Costi ◽  
Silvia Sassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Italian Adolescents

The COVID-19 emergency has imposed distanced education and has interrupted most rehabilitation services. Adolescents with disabilities have been isolated, and the burden on their families has been exacerbated. A cross-sectional survey was administered to adolescents with disability and to parents of disabled children to describe their experience during lockdown and their concerns or expectations about rehabilitation. A sample of 53 adolescents and 239 parents completed the survey. Adolescents were ages 13–18 years old (45.3% female). Most parents were between 35 and 55 years old (84.9% female). While 53.6% of the parents reported no positive effects of the lockdown, 92.5% of the adolescents expressed favorable consequences. The increased time spent with family members was judged positively by 27.2% of parents and by 64.2% of adolescents. Concern for their child’s disability was expressed by 47.3% of parents, while 73.6% of adolescents expressed concerns regarding the ban on meeting friends. In both groups, anxiety symptoms were correlated with the fear of contracting COVID-19 and with financial problems. Parents would have liked even more remote support from school and healthcare professionals, which was available for most participants. Thus, socioeconomic support, assistive technology and telerehabilitation strategies might help families with disabilities during a lockdown.

scholarly journals Obesity in Saudi Arabia in 2020: Prevalence, Distribution, and Its Current Association with Various Health Conditions

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Nora A. Althumiri ◽  
Mada H. Basyouni ◽  
Norah AlMousa ◽  
Mohammed F. AlJuwaysim ◽  
Rasha A. Almubark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Colon Diseases

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases and health conditions. This study aims to estimate the current prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia and described the current national-level status of the association between obesity and various health conditions. This study is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted over phone-interviews in June 2020. In this study, a proportional quota-sampling technique was used to obtain equal distributions of participants, stratified by age and gender, across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. Weight and height were self-reported, and the obesity was determined as BMI ≥ 30. Logistic regression adjusted for age and gender was used for exploring current associations between obesity and health conditions. Of the 6239 participants contacted, 4709 participants responded and completed the interview with a response rate of 75.48%. Of them, 50.1% were female, the mean age was 36.4 ± 13.5 (Range: 18–90), and the median age was 36. The national weighted prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) was 24.7%, and the prevalence in the sample (unweighted) was 21.7%. Obesity was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes [Odd ratio, (OR) = 1.52], hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.69), hypertension (OR = 1.61), lung diseases (OR = 1.69), rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 1.57), sleep apnea (OR = 1.82), colon diseases (OR = 1.31), and thyroid disorders (OR = 1.8). This study provides an update on the recent prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia. It also shows the variation in prevalence rates between different regions, which might be explored further. Although obesity shows a decreasing trend, almost one-quarter of this study sample were obese. Obesity is currently associated with many health conditions that can affect the individuals’ quality of life, impose stress on the healthcare system and impose an economic burden on the country. This evidence highlights the need for action to focus more on obesity in Saudi Arabia.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CELL PHONE USAGE AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Mandhwani ◽  
Sadaf Zia ◽  
Emad Salman Shaikh ◽  
Dante Duarte ◽  
Erum Tanveer
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Camera Phone ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Margin Of Error

The adverse effects of excessive mobile phone (MP) use on children include deprivation from sleep, increased risk of lack of concentration, depression, anxiety and obesity. No such study has been conducted in children from Pakistan. Objectives: To assess the association of MP usage and musculoskeletal disorders in school going children. Methods: This was a cross sectional survey. Data were collected from different private schools of Karachi, Pakistan. Convenient non probability sampling technique was used. A sample size of 385 students was taken keeping a confidence interval of 95% with 5% margin of error. Results: A total of 385 subjects participated. It was also noticed that 75.6% (291) students have smart phone and 5.2% (20) have conventional phone and remaining 19.2% (74) have camera phone. It was noticed that the participants 306 (79.5%) said they slept for 1–2[Formula: see text]h daily and 30 (7.8%) had sleep for 3–4[Formula: see text]h daily. One hundred and four 104 (27%) had noticed pain in neck. Conclusion: The use of MP for any activity was associated with sleep deprivation and pain in wrist/hands followed by neck and upper back pain. The usage of MP should be limited to avoid the stress on musculoskeletal parts of the body.

Evaluation of health system in Iraq from people's point of view: a comparative study of two different eras

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-387
Author(s):  
Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo ◽  
Adil H. Alhusseiny ◽  
Shukr Mahmood Yaseen ◽  
Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-Samarrai ◽  
Anmar Shukur Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Geographical Regions

Background: Since the 2003 United States–British Coalition military invasion, Iraq has been in a state of continuous deterioration at all levels, including the health sector. This study aimed to elicit the viewpoints of the Iraqi people on the current health system, focusing on many provided health services and assessing whether the public prefers the current health system or that was provided before the invasion. Methods: A cross-sectional survey designed to explore the Iraqi people’s opinions on their health system. A self-administered questionnaire using a multi-stage sampling technique was distributed in five geographical regions in Iraq to collect the data from the head of household between 1st October and 31st of December 2019. Multiple logistic regressions were recruited to determine the significant contributing variables in this study. Results: A total of 365 heads of households (response rate: 71.7%) with the mean age of 48.36 + 11.92 years (ranged 35-78) included in the study. Most of the respondents (61.4%) complained of healthcare inaccessibility, 59.7% believed that health resources were not available, 53.7% claimed a deterioration in the quality of care, and 62.2% believed that the political / media position did not contribute to positive changes during the past two decades. Indeed, most respondents (66.0%) believe that the current healthcare system is worse than before. In the multivariate analysis, there was a statistically significant relationship between the characteristics and opinions of the respondents. Young age group (p = 0.003), men (p = < 0.001), unmarried (p = 0.001), high educated (p = < 0.001), rural resident (p = < 0.001), unemployed (p = 0.003), monthly income of less than USD 400 (p = < 0.001), consider themselves to be unhealthy (p = 0.001),  and those who think that people are unhappy now than two decades ago (p = 0.012) have a more negative opinion of the health system. Conclusions: Most Iraqis surveyed expressed disappointment from the health system after the 2003 US-led invasion. The current health system is faltering at all levels and does not meet the citizens' basic needs. Health Transformation Program (HTP) has become inevitable to develop an accessible, affordable, high-quality, efficient, and effective health system.

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