Effects of Osmotic Conditioning Treatments of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Seeds on Mean Germination Time and Germination Rate

Amaranthus retroflexus L. is among the important weeds in sugar beet. The aim of this study was to determine the germination capacities of the seeds obtained from A. retroflexus plants, who survived after the application of chloridazon (C), metamitron (M) and ethofumesate + phenmedipham + desmedipham + lenacil (EPDL) herbicides and some combinations. Parameters of total germination rate (%), normal/abnormal germination rate (%), mean germination time (day) and seed weight (g) were defined. As a result, germination characteristics of A. retroflexus plants exposed to chloridazon + ethofumesate + phenmedipham + desmedipham + lenacil 2, chloridazon + metamitron (post-emergence) and metamitron (pre-emergence) + metamitron (post-emergence) combinations were significantly affected compared to the seeds obtained from the untreated plants. In terms of germination characteristics, the lowest total germination rate (85%) was found in metamitron (pre-emergence) + metamitron (post-emergence) combination.

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Influence of various treatments on pre and post germination properties of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees cv. Powderpuff

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v48i3.47724 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 449-455

Author(s):

Muneeb Ahmad Wani ◽

FU Khan ◽

Imityaz Tahir Nazki ◽

Ambreena Din ◽

Shameen Iqbal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Index ◽

Germination Time ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

China Aster ◽

Growth Attributes ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Different Levels

Seeds of China aster cv. Powderpuff were subjected to two conditioning techniques viz, hydroconditioning and halo-conditioning at different levels of concentrations and subjected time durations, constituting a total of 16 treatment combinations (P1 - P15) along with control (P0). Hydro-priming for 12 hrs and the halo-priming with 2 % KNO3 for 12 hrs significantly improved germination, mean germination time, germination index, germination rate index and growth attributes of China aster cv. Powderpuff. Hydropriming being simple economical and eco/subject friendly and safe is recommended for effective germination and growth of China aster cv. Powderpuff.

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Morphometry and Germination of Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus and Phoradendron mucronatum Diaspores

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582018360100010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (0) ◽

Author(s):

J.M.L. AZEVEDO ◽

C.G.G. SANTOS ◽

C.S. CAIRES ◽

J.C. ARAÚJO NETO ◽

R.C. SOUZA

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Percentage Germination ◽

Essential Characteristic ◽

Germination Time ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The goal of this work was to characterize morphometrically diaspores from three species of mistletoes (Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus e Phoradendron mucronatum), as well as to study its germination behavior according to temperature and luminosity. In germination tests, the completely randomized design was used, in factor scheme 4 x 2, with 4 replications of 15 diaspores. The factors for the first test were different temperatures and two diaspore conditions (intact and without epicarp). In the second test, factors were different light qualities and two diaspore conditions. The analyzed variables were: germination percentage, germination rate index (GRI) and mean germination time (MGT). Mistletoe’s diaspores present an elliptic shape with viscin layer, an essential characteristic for the dispersion of the species. In addition to this, they present a distinction as for the moisture content when compared to the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae, where the latter presents the highest content. Germination is greater at the alternated temperature of 20-30 oC for P. pyrifolia and P. mucronatum diaspores and 20 oC for S. marginatus. Luminosity interfered in the germination of P. mucronatum and S. marginatus but did not influence P. pyrifolia. The diaspore condition influenced the germination of the three studied species, observing a significant increase in their germination when the epicarp was removed. Temperature and luminosity interfere directly in the GRI and MGT of the three mistletoes species.

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Germination Response of MR 219 Rice Variety to Different Exposure Times and Periods of 2450 MHz Microwave Frequency

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/408026 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Daryush Talei ◽

Alireza Valdiani ◽

Mahmood Maziah ◽

Mohammad Mohsenkhah

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Root Length ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Microwave Frequency ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Germination Time ◽

Primary Shoot ◽

Mean Germination Time

Germination is a key process in plants' phenological cycles. Accelerating this process could lead to improvment of the seedling growth as well as the cultivation efficiency. To achieve this, the effect of microwave frequency on the germination of rice seeds was examined. The physiological feedbacks of the MR 219 rice variety in terms of seed germination rate (GR), germination percentage (GP), and mean germination time (MGT) were analyzed by exposing its seeds to 2450 MHz of microwave frequency for one, four, seven, and ten hours. It was revealed that exposing the seeds to the microwave frequency for 10 hours resulted in the highest GP. This treatment led to 100% of germination after three days with a mean germination time of 2.1 days. Although the other exposure times of microwave frequency caused the moderate effects on germination with aGPa3ranged from 93% to 98%, they failed to reduce theMGTa3. The results showed that ten-hour exposure times of microwave frequency for six days significantly facilitated and improved the germination indices (primary shoot and root length). Therefore, the technique is expected to benefit the improvement of rice seed germination considering its simplicity and efficacy in increasing the germination percentage and rate as well as the primary shoot and root length without causing any environmental toxicity.

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Haplotype Analysis of BADH1 by Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Association with Salt Tolerance in Rice during Domestication

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22147578 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (14) ◽

pp. 7578

Author(s):

Myeong-Hyeon Min ◽

Thant Zin Maung ◽

Yuan Cao ◽

Rungnapa Phitaktansakul ◽

Gang-Seob Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Plant Traits ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Future Research ◽

Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽

Cultivated Rice ◽

Germination Time ◽

Mean Germination Time

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (BADH1), a paralog of the fragrance gene BADH2, is known to be associated with salt stress through the accumulation of synthesized glycine betaine (GB), which is involved in the response to abiotic stresses. Despite the unclear association between BADH1 and salt stress, we observed the responses of eight phenotypic characteristics (germination percentage (GP), germination energy (GE), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), germination rate (GR), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), and total dry weight (TDW)) to salt stress during the germination stage of 475 rice accessions to investigate their association with BADH1 haplotypes. We found a total of 116 SNPs and 77 InDels in the whole BADH1 gene region, representing 39 haplotypes. Twenty-nine haplotypes representing 27 mutated alleles (two InDels and 25 SNPs) were highly (p < 0.05) associated with salt stress, including the five SNPs that have been previously reported to be associated with salt tolerance. We observed three predominant haplotypes associated with salt tolerance, Hap_2, Hap_18, and Hap_23, which were Indica specific, indicating a comparatively high number of rice accessions among the associated haplotypes. Eight plant parameters (phenotypes) also showed clear responses to salt stress, and except for MGT (mean germination time), all were positively correlated with each other. Different signatures of domestication for BADH1 were detected in cultivated rice by identifying the highest and lowest Tajima’s D values of two major cultivated ecotypes (Temperate Japonica and Indica). Our findings on these significant associations and BADH1 evolution to plant traits can be useful for future research development related to its gene expression.

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Sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) seed germination affected by the application of gibberellins

Agronomía Colombiana ◽

10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n3.53074 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 17-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fabio Ernesto Martínez M. ◽

Diego Miranda L. ◽

Stanislav Magnitskiy

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Positive Response ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Annona Squamosa ◽

Germination Time ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Germinated Seeds

This research sought to establish the response of the germination percentage (PG), synchrony index (E), mean germination time (MGT) and mean germination rate (MGR) of Annona squamosa L. seeds from Apulo (province of Cundinamarca) and Castilla (province of Tolima), Colombia, to treatments with 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 800 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid (GA). All of the treatments with GA increased the PG at each point of time of seed incubation. The 600 mg L-1 GA treatment resulted in higher PGs (92.3% at 16 days for Apulo and 95% at 24 days for Castilla) and lower MGTs (8.75 and 5.38 days for Apulo and Castilla, respectively) than those found with the concentration of 0 mg L-1 GA (17.68 and 10.88 days for Apulo and Castilla, respectively). Also, treating the seeds with 600 mg L-1 GA generated higher MGRs (0.18 and 0.12 germinated seeds/day for Castilla and Apulo, respectively) than those obtained with 0 mg L-1 GA (Castilla = 0.09 and Apulo = 0.06 germinated seeds/ day). Likewise, the germination was synchronized with the application of any concentration of GA. The results evidenced a positive response to the GA application, which provided a tool for the characterization of the phenomenon of dormancy in the A. squamosa seeds.

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Titanium dioxide nanoparticles alleviate cadmium toxicity in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic) seeds

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2020.116.1.1116 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 116 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Hassan FEIZI ◽

Nafiseh AGHELI ◽

Hossein SAHABI

Keyword(s):

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Cadmium Toxicity ◽

Cadmium Concentration ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Control Group ◽

Germination Time ◽

Mean Germination Time

This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the effects of different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and cadmium on lentil seed germination and seedling early growth. The experiment was conducted as a factorial layout based on a completely randomized design with four replicates. Test plants were exposed to 0, 100, 250, and 500 ppm of cadmium, and then amended with 0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm of TiO2 nanoparticles. Results demonstrated that the application of 300 ppm of titanium dioxide nanoparticles improved the mean germination time (MGT) and seed germination rate by 39 % and 62 % respectively. Most traits exhibited a decreasing trend as the concentration of cadmium increased. Furthermore, application of 500 ppm of cadmium concentration increased mean germination time compared to the control group (1.667 day). In conclusion, the application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles averted the effect of high cadmium stress on lentils, and maintained the length of the shoot compared to the control. However, further studies on plant life cycles should be performed to detect the inhibitory effects of titanium dioxide on heavy metal toxicity.

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Effects of Hydro and Hormonal Seed Priming on Seed Germination of Milk Thistle under Saline Stress Condition

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb639372 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 374-380

Author(s):

Yousef NASIRI ◽

Parisa FEYZI ◽

Abdollah JAVANMARD

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Milk Thistle ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Nacl Salinity ◽

Germination Time ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Mean Germination Time

Salinity is an abiotic stress which has harmful effects on germination of many plants. Therefore, high germination rate and vigorous early growth under salty soils is preferred. Seed priming is a way to increase salt tolerance of plants. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of seed priming on germination of milk thistle under salinity condition. The treatments were 4 levels of seed priming (no priming, distilled water as hydro priming and 0.5 and 1.0 mM salicylic acid) and 5 levels of salinity (0, 40 and 80 mM NaCl and 40 and 80 mM CaCl2). The experiment arranged as a factorial in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that salinity decreased germination percentage and germination rate to about 16 and 32% in 80 mM CaCl2 level compared to control, respectively. The highest mean germination time (5.7 day) were belonged to 80 mM CaCl2. Radicle and plumule length significantly decreased by 80 mM NaCl and 40 and 80 mM CaCl2. The lowest seedling weight and seed stamina observed in 80 mM CaCl2. 0.5 mM salicylic acid improved all traits except mean germination time as compared to control. Salicylic acid (0.5 mM) improved radicle length under 0, 40 and 80 mM NaCl salinity levels as well as increased plumule length at the 0 and 40 mM NaCl salinity conditions.

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THE GERMINATION OF INDOGOFERA ZOLLINGERIANA BY SOAKING IN LIQUID SMOKE WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS

Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology ◽

10.32938/jtast.v3i1.892 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44

Author(s):

Yelly Magdalena Mulik ◽

Stormy Vertygo ◽

Vivin E. Se’u ◽

Basry Y. Tang

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Anova Analysis ◽

Germination Time ◽

Liquid Smoke ◽

Time Treatment ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

The Mean ◽

Indigofera Zollingeriana ◽

Completely Randomized Design

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immersion using liquid smoke with different concentrations on the germination viability of Indigofera zollingeriana. The design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments: A0 = 0% liquid smoke, A20 = 20% liquid smoke, A40 = 40% liquid smoke, A100 = 100% liquid smoke, each treatment with 4 replications. The parameters observed were the germination viability, mean germination time, and mean daily germination. ANOVA analysis showed that the treatment had a significant effect on germination viability but insignificant on the germination rate and mean germination time. Treatment A0 was the treatment with the highest germination viability (75%), but the highest germination rate (0.34 cm/day) was in treatment A20. The higher the concentration of liquid smoke, the lower the germination viability, the germination rate and the mean germination time.

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Germination Requirements Differ between Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl Resistant and Susceptible Japanese Foxtail (Alopecurus japonicus) Biotypes

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-d-16-00040.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 653-663 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xibao Wu ◽

Teng Zhang ◽

Lang Pan ◽

Lingyue Wang ◽

Hongle Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Burial Depth ◽

Extreme Conditions ◽

Resistance Allele ◽

Herbicide Resistant ◽

Germination Time ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Germination Requirements

Herbicide-resistant (R biotype) and -sensitive (S biotype) individuals were identified from the same population, and seed was increased for each biotype for three generations. We conducted laboratory experiments to determine the effects of temperature, light, salt stress, osmotic stress, pH, and burial depth on the germination and emergence of resistant and sensitive biotypes of Japanese foxtail. The results revealed that there was no difference in the final germination rate between the two biotypes under different temperature conditions, but time to obtain 50% germination or emergence (tE50) and mean germination time of the R biotype were higher than that of the S biotype at 10 C and 15/10 C 12-h day/night regime. In dark conditions, the final germination rate of the S biotype was higher and lower than that of the R biotype at 10 and 25 C, respectively. The overall germination rate of the R biotype was lower than that in the S biotype, and extended germination time was required in extreme conditions, such as 250 mM NaCl and −0.4 MPa osmotic potential. The change in environmental pH had no effect on the germination of the two biotypes. Emergence of the R biotype was lower than the S biotype when seed was buried at least 8 cm deep in an organic matter substrate. This study demonstrated the pleiotropic effects of a resistance allele on seed germination and emergence under different environmental conditions. Deep tillage could be used to reduce the growth and spread of resistant Japanese foxtail individuals.

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