scholarly journals Brief Screening Approach To Female Sexual Dysfunctions – (BRISA-F)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
S. C. Poerner Scalco ◽  
◽  
D. Riva Knauth ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Female Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Sex Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Brief Screening

Objectives: 1. Demonstrate the creation of a brief questionnaire to screening in clinical practice, able to diagnose female sexual dysfunction. 2. Implement a score that detects the need for referral to a specialist. Design and methods: This is a screening for FSD, with only four questions that include the variables: sexual frequency, orgasm, pain and sexual initiative, in a Likert scale. The applicability was demonstrated in a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients. They were seen in Sexology Clinic of a Public Hospital, setting a score and cut-off. Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used; significant level (p= 0.05). Results: The score ranged from 4 to 16 points. The average of the patients before the sex therapy was 7.5 (± 2.4) points and after the sex therapy they increased for 10.9 (± 3.3); (p <0.001). The patients, who had experienced sexual violence or with primary anorgasmia, had a poorer prognosis and those with higher levels of education or good levels of orgasms, had better prognosis. The development with treatment showed a significant raise of the score. (p = 0.013). Conclusions: The instrument provided an opportunity to approach sexuality by general practitioners and FSD detection through a score. The patients had a good understanding of the issues and their demands were attended.

scholarly journals Scale of adverse events associated to nursing practices: a psychometric study in Portuguese hospital context

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Neves ◽  
Vitor Rodrigues ◽  
João Graveto ◽  
Pedro Parreira
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stable Factor ◽  
Hospital Units ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Structural Invariance ◽  
The Stability

Objective to contribute to the validation study of the Scale of Adverse Events associated with Nursing Practices in the hospital context. Method cross-sectional study, in public hospital units, in the central and northern regions of Portugal. The exploratory factor analysis of the Scale of Adverse Events associated to Nursing Practices was conducted with a sample of 165 nurses and the confirmatory factorial analysis was made with a sample of 685 nurses. Reliability, internal consistency and construct validity were estimated. The invariance of the model was evaluated in two subsamples to confirm the stability of the factorial solution. Results the global sample consisted of 850 nurses aged between 22 and 59, mostly licensed professionals. The model had a good overall fit in the subscales (Nursing Practices: χ2/df = 2.88, CFI = 0.90, GFI = 0.86, RMSEA = 0.05, MECVI = 3.30; Adverse Events: χ2/df = 4.62, CFI = 0.93, GFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.07, MECVI = 0.39). There was a stable factor structure, indicating strong invariance in the subscale Nursing Practices and structural invariance in the subscale Adverse Events. Conclusion the refined model of the Scale of Adverse Events associated with Nursing Practices revealed good fit and stability of the factorial solution. The instrument was adjusted to evaluate the perception of nurses about adverse events associated with health care, precisely nursing care, in the hospital setting.

scholarly journals Prognostic Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression in Meningioma: A Cross-Sectional Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ahmad Sharifuddin ◽  
Sharifah Emilia Tuan Sharif ◽  
Hasnan Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: Meningioma is the most common intracranial tumor in adults. In addition to the extent of tumor surgical resection and WHO grade, angiogenesis is a prognostic factor that is influenced by MMP-2. Our study examined the association of these prognostic factors with MMP-2 expression in meningioma. Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with meningioma between January 2008 and December 2017 was conducted. All samples were re-reviewed and subjected to immunohistochemical staining for Ki67, MMP-2, and CD34. Pearson’s chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were used to examine the association of MMP-2 expression with the WHO grade and microvascular density (MVD). Results: The study included 99 patients aged 23–75. Most patients were female (73.7%). This study included 85 cases of low-grade meningioma (grade I) and 14 cases of high-grade meningioma (grade II, 11; grade III, 3). The most common subtypes were meningothelial, transitional, and fibroblastic. In total, 62 of 85 patients with low-grade meningioma and 10 of 14 patients with high-grade meningioma exhibited high MMP-2 expression, and the difference in the rates between the groups was not significant. Most patients in this study displayed MVD scores of 1+ (54/99) and 2+ (33/99). Of the 54 patients with an MVD score of 1+, 42 exhibited high MMP-2 expression. MMP-2 was expressed by all patients with meningioma. Conclusion: In the future, more samples are required, in high-grade tumors, to prevent bias, and more specific immunohistochemical markers should be used to evaluate angiogenesis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and co-infection of schistosomiasis/hepatitis B among rural populations in endemic areas in Hubei, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupeng Zhang ◽  
Yaofei Xie ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Xuyu Chen ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Endemic Areas

Abstract Background Both hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and schistosomiasis are important public health problems in China. Concurrent infection between HBV and schistosomiasis is often observed in areas where schistosomiasis is endemic. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis and HBV in schistosomiasis-affected areas, to explore whether schistosomiasis patients are more susceptible to HBV and to determine if the prevalence of HBV in high-endemic areas of schistosomiasis is higher than in low-endemic areas. Methods A total of 6526 participants from 13 villages in Hubei province were included in a cross-sectional study and blood samples were collected and examined. Qualitative variables were compared between groups using Pearson’s chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Results Of the 6526 participants, the overall prevalence was 8.27% for schistosomiasis and 2.67% for HBV. The prevalence of hepatitis B among participants who were Schistosoma antibody positive (25.37%) was higher than the prevalence in participants who were Schistosoma antibody negative (0.62%; χ2=1169.358, p&lt;0.001, odds ratio 54.659). We also observed that there was no difference in the prevalence of hepatitis B between males and females in areas where schistosomiasis was endemic (χ2=1.827, p=0.177), but the prevalence of hepatitis B in middle-aged people was higher than in other age groups (χ2=47.877, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions There was an association between schistosomiasis and HBV infection. However, more work is needed to find the causal relationship between schistosomiasis and HBV infection.

scholarly journals Point prevalence survey of antibiotic consumption across three hospitals in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Obed Kwabena Offe Amponsah ◽  
Kwame Ohene Buabeng ◽  
Alex Owusu-Ofori ◽  
Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng ◽  
Katri Hämeen-Anttila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
Chi Squared

Abstract Background Actionable data on antimicrobial use is important when planning strategic interventions such as antimicrobial stewardship to address the challenge of drug resistance, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Objectives To assess the prevalence of antibiotic use, the pattern of commonly used antibiotics and patient factors that may be associated with the increased use of antibiotics in the study hospitals. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted using the WHO Methodology for Point Prevalence Surveys in hospitals. Chi-squared analysis, Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression were employed to analyse statistically the data obtained. Results The overall prevalence of antibiotic use in the hospitals was 60.5%. The commonest indications for antibiotic recommendations were community-acquired infections (36.5%), surgical prophylaxis (26.1%) and hospital-acquired infections (15.7%), among others. Very few (2.7%) of the patients had their samples taken for culture and susceptibility testing to guide therapy. Penicillins (48.7%), cephalosporins (23.5%) and fluoroquinolones (17.4%) were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. Concurrent malaria infection [adjusted OR (AOR) 0.33, 95% CI 0.11–0.94, P = 0.04] and increasing age (AOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–1.00, P = 0.02) were associated with lower risk of antibiotic use. Conclusions The prevalence of antibiotic consumption in the hospitals was lower than that reported in similar studies in Ghana, but high relative to some reports from high-income countries. Most antibiotic therapy was empirical and not guided by culture and susceptibility testing. There is the need for application of the WHO AWaRe classification for the selection of antibiotics and increased use of culture and susceptibility data to guide infectious disease therapy.

scholarly journals Evidence for the Continued Occurrence of Chorioretinopathy in Working Sheep Dogs in New Zealand in 2010

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2229
Author(s):  
Adam B. O’Connell ◽  
A. Craig Irving ◽  
Paul L. Hughes ◽  
Naomi Cogger ◽  
Boyd R. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
South West ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Relationship

A study in conducted 1987 by Hughes et al., found that 39% of working sheep dogs had multifocal retinitis. One of the identified causes was ocular larval migrans, which were a result of migrating ascarid larvae. Since that paper was published, anthelmintic use in farm dogs has been highly recommended. There has been no follow-up study to determine if fundic lesions are still present. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of chorioretinopathy in working sheep dogs in the South-West, Waikato, New Zealand. This was a cross-sectional study of 184 working sheep dogs and 51 owners, undertaken in 2010 with owners sampled from New Zealand’s South-West Waikato and Tux North Island Dog Trial Championship. Two-way tables were used to explore the relationship between variables. Significance of association was assessed using a Chi-squared or Fisher exact test as appropriate, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Overall prevalence of chorioretinopathy in the working sheep dogs was 44/184 (24%). A significantly higher prevalence of chorioretinopathy was shown in dogs with increasing age, from 2 years to >8 years (p = 0.0007) and in males (p < 0.0001). This study concluded that lesions of chorioretinopathy are still present in working sheep dogs in New Zealand.

scholarly journals Prescription errors and administration of injectable antimicrobials in a public hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionara Vieira Rocha Da Mota ◽  
Paulo Henrique Ribeiro Fernandes Almeida ◽  
Lucas Brasileiro Lemos ◽  
Mario Borges Rosa ◽  
Gisele Da Silveira Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Clinic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Social ◽  
Level Of Significance

To analyze the errors of prescription and administration of antimicrobials powder for solution for injection in a public hospital. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a public hospital, in which antimicrobials prescriptions and administrations were analyzed for patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Medical Clinic (CM) from November 2015 to February 2016. The tabulation and data analysis were done in Epidata software version 3.1 of 2008 and IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). In the statistical analysis, chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact test were applied when necessary. The level of significance was 5%. Among the statistically significant results, the following are the errors related to medical prescription with the variables: age at 57% and medical specialty at 67%, both at the ICU; bed with 30% and hospitalization unit with 37%, both in CM. In the administration of antimicrobials, statistically significant differences were observed only in the failure to identify the patient (30% in CM). Regarding the use of antimicrobials, Cefepime was the most prescribed with 65.1%. In view of these aspects, it is extremely important that errors arising from an incomplete and misleading prescribing are identified, to propose improvements in the medication system, in order to prevent errors, and to promote a more rational antibiotic therapy, avoiding infections.

scholarly journals Work accidents and self-esteem of nursing professional in hospital settings

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Valverde Marques dos Santos ◽  
Flávia Ribeiro Martins Macedo ◽  
Luiz Almeida da Silva ◽  
Zelia Marilda Rodrigues Resck ◽  
Denismar Alves Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Belief ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Work Accidents

Abstract Objective: to analyze the occurrence of work accidents and the self-esteem of nurses in hospitals of a municipality of Minas Gerais. Method: descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study developed with 393 nursing professionals from three hospitals of a municipality in southern Minas Gerais. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a questionnaire to characterize the population and work accidents were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using Person's chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, Cronbach's alpha, odds ratio and logistic regression. Results: of the professionals studied, 15% had suffered an accident at work and 70.2% presented high self-esteem. Through the analysis, it was observed that smoking, religious belief and an outstanding event in the career were significantly associated with work accidents. In relation to self-esteem, family income, length of time working in the profession and an outstanding event in the career presented significant associations. Conclusion: factors such as smoking, religious belief, family income, length of time working in the profession and an outstanding event in the career can cause professionals to have accidents and/or cause changes in self-esteem, which can compromise their physical and mental health and their quality of life and work.

scholarly journals Self-medication and adherence to drug treatment: assessment of participants of the Universidade do Envelhecer (the University of Aging) program

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-700
Author(s):  
Antonio Leonardo de Freitas Garcia ◽  
Andréia Naomi Madoz Kaya ◽  
Eduardo Antonio Ferreira ◽  
Eliana Fortes Gris ◽  
Dayani Galato
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Aging Program ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The University ◽  
Continuous Use

Abstract Objectives : to evaluate the use of medication (for continuous use and self-medication) and adherence to treatment among elderly and non-elderly participants of the Universidade do Envelhecer (UniSer). Method : an observational, quantitative and cross-sectional study, using the interview technique, was carried out at UniSer with 215 subjects. A structured instrument was used for the collection of sociodemographic variables and self-medication data. The 1986 Morisky-Green-Levine Scale (MGL) and the Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) regimen screening tool were used to assess adherence. Descriptive analyzes of the data were performed, and the chi-squared Test and Fisher’s Exact Test were applied to evaluate the association between variables of interest. Results : of the participants, 127 (59.1%) were elderly (< 60 years old), of whom 81.9% were women. Regarding self-medication, 22.9% of elderly and 21.7% of non-elderly persons practiced it in the previous seven days (p=0.848), even if they considered it dangerous (p=0.472). A total of 45.8% of the elderly and 55.6% of the non-elderly irrationally self-medicated within the analyzed period, while 76.4% of the elderly and 64.8% of the non-elderly used medications of continuous use (p=0.063). A total of 78.8% of the elderly and 76.1% of the non-elderly were not adherent to treatment (p=0.719) according to the MGL scale, while the BMQ Regimen Screen found that 36.7% of the elderly and 41.1% of the non-elderly were not adherent (p=0.595). Conclusion : these findings demonstrate that there were no significant differences between the groups studied and health education actions should be carried out with an emphasis on guidelines on adherence and the rational use of medicines.

scholarly journals Sasang Constitution as a Risk Factor for Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (s1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Gyu Lee ◽  
Byunghee Koh ◽  
Sookyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Independent Association

Sasang Constitutional Medicine, which is a branch of traditional Korean medicine, states that medications for diabetes should be individualized according to the patient's individual constitution. However, the effect of constitution on diabetes has not been evaluated to date. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine if constitution is an independent risk factor for diabetes by comparing the prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) of the disease according to constitution. The medical records of 1443 adults who had been examined and classified based on their constitution at Kyung Hee University Hospital in Seoul, Korea were reviewed. A chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the prevalence of diabetes according to constitution, and multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the ORs for diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes differed significantly according to constitution (Χ2= 36.20, df = 2,P< 0.001). Specifically, the prevalence of the disease was higher in Tae-eumin (11.4%) individuals than in Soyangin (5.0%) or Soeumin (1.7%) individuals. In addition, multiple logistic regression revealed that Tae-eumin individuals had a greater risk for diabetes than Soeumin individuals. When compared to Soeumin individuals, the adjusted ORs were 2.01 (95% CI 0.77–5.26) for Soyangin individuals and 3.96 (95% CI 1.48–10.60) for Tae-eumin individuals. These results show that constitution has a significant and independent association with diabetes, which suggests that constitution is an independent risk factor for diabetes that should be considered when attempting to detect and prevent the disease.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between COVID-19-induced Death and Chronic Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Hasan Alinejad ◽  
◽  
Reza Vazirinejad ◽  
Ahmadreza Sayadi ◽  
Zeinab Hajaliakbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Morbidity and mortality due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are mainly related to age and comorbidity diseases (hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, malignancies, etc.). These conditions are associated with poorer clinical outcomes and sometimes lead to long-term hospitalization. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between COVID-19-induced mortality and various chronic diseases in patients admitted to Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City, Iran, in 2020. Methods: In this retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, patients with COVID-19 referring to Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City, Iran, from March 2020 to September 2020 were assessed. The required data were collected using patients’ records and telephone calls by a researcher-made checklist and analyzed by Independent Samples t-test, Chi-squared test, Fisher’s Exact test, Kaplan-Meier plots, and multivariate regression analysis in SPSS v. 20. Results: This study assessed 238 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The risk of death was significantly higher in patients aged over 75 years; they were 5.5 times more prone to expire, compared to the youngest age group (P<0.001). Chronic diseases, such as hypertension, heart disease, lung disease, and various cancers were more prevalent in patients who expired, compared to those who survived (P≤0.05). Of the patients who died, 73.8% were transferred to the Intensive U (ICU), while only 7.5% of surviving patients were transferred to the ICU (P<0.001). Longer hospitalization was associated with an increased risk of death among patients with underlying diseases and hypertension (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study identified the role of chronic diseases and other important indicators in the survival of patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to a hospital in Rafsanjan. It is recommended that nurses and healthcare staff consider these findings in the care of patients with COVID-19.

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