scholarly journals The environmental and economic implications of the climate change and extractive industry nexus in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Oluborode Jegede
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Extractive Industry ◽  
Extractive Sector ◽  
Economic Considerations

Climate change and extractive industry are two important global streams that are linked to each other in that risks associated with the former can adversely affect different areas of the extractive sector, while the activities of the latter can contribute to climate change. Yet, this nexus is hardly clearly articulated in the context of implications for the environment and economic considerations in Africa. Assessing key literature on the two themes, the paper argues that the link of extractive industry with climate change can have both negative and positive implications for environmental protection and the economy in Africa. The nexus of climate change and the extractive sector can be negative in that unsustainable extractive processes in terms of their outcome of deforestation and energy use are an important source of carbon emission contributing to global warming. The nexus can be positive in that it involves initiatives that can contribute to sustainable extractive sector and thereby reduce carbon emissions underlying climate change. Keywords: Africa, climate change, extractive sector, environmental protection, economic implications. JEL Classification: Q51, Q58, N5

Accounting for Climate Change: Rethinking the Chaotic Corporate Reporting Landscape and Its Purpose, with the UK’s Failure as a Case Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-100
Author(s):  
Charlotte Villiers ◽  
Georgina Tsagas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Legal Consequences

The chapter considers whether company law and corporate governance-related initiatives provide effective mechanisms for holding corporations to account for their contribution to climate change. A key regulatory device targeted at corporations is disclosure, the goal of which, in this context, is to achieve greater transparency regarding the risks and opportunities connected to climate change. The chapter explores to what extent climate change-related reporting contributes to the efforts towards reducing global warming. It is argued that there are a number of significant problems with climate-related reporting in its current state, in so far as there are many different requirements, including standards, codes, guidelines, at industry or sector level as well as at national and international levels; all these combined create a chaotic reporting landscape. Moreover, there is no meaningful link between the disclosures required under company law and initiatives within the area of environmental protection; hence it becomes difficult to identify clearly what the key reporting information is and what the responses and possible legal consequences of any such disclosures should be. Consequently, corporations’ accountability for their contribution to climate change is open to question.

scholarly journals The Norway–Colombia Agreement to Protect Rainforest and Reduce Global Warming: Success or Failure?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnhild Sollund ◽  
Angela M Maldonado ◽  
Claudia Brieva Rico
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
The South ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
International Climate ◽  
And Shifts

The Norwegian government has made an agreement with Juan Manuel Santos, former Colombian president, to give Colombia US$48 million yearly to reduce deforestation. This forms part of a greater effort by Norway to aid countries in the South to halt climate change, through the Norwegian International Climate and Forest Initiative, instituted after the Paris Agreement in 2015. The ways efforts to reduce deforestation have been implemented have been criticised. While Norway, through this investment, appears to be a climate-concerned country, it continues with oil extraction activities. Thus, Norway exhibits double standards and shifts the problem of climate change to the countries in the South. This article examines the successes and failures of the Norwegian rainforest protection efforts in the case of Colombia, assessing the governance of the deforestation policies from the perspective of green Southern criminology and incorporating a critique of the neo-colonialist means of environmental protection established by the North.

A Social Identity Approach to Engaging Christians in the Issue of Climate Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H. Goldberg ◽  
Abel Gustafson ◽  
Matthew T. Ballew ◽  
Seth A. Rosenthal ◽  
Anthony Leiserowitz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Total N ◽  
Religious Issue ◽  
Exploratory Experiment ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Change Beliefs ◽  
Social Identity Approach

Using two nationally representative surveys (total N = 2,544) and two experiments (total N = 1,620), we investigate a social identity approach to engaging Christians in the issue of climate change. Results show Christian Americans say “protecting God’s creation” is a top reason for wanting to reduce global warming. An exploratory experiment and a preregistered replication tested a “stewardship frame” message with Christian Americans and found significant increases in pro-environmental and climate change beliefs, which were explained by increases in viewing environmental protection as a moral and religious issue, and perceptions that other Christians care about environmental protection.

THE EVOLUTION OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN THE COUNTY OF MARAMURE. BETWEEN 2006 AND 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Gabriela Maria Filip ◽  
◽  
Valeria Mirela Brezoczki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
County Level ◽  
Protection Agency

Global warming and climate change represent the most important problems of society. These are manly caused by air pollution and the increase of greenhouse gases. This paper presents a synthetic analysis of the evolution of greenhouse gases in the county of Maramureş over a period of 10 years, between 2006 and 2015, based on the data taken from the Environmental Protection Agency Maramureş, regarding the main greenhouse gases at county level, as well as the emission sources and their effects.

Energy Saving Sports and Fitness

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2549-2552
Author(s):  
Xiao Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

The United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen brought us the attention to "low-carbon, energy saving". For economic sustainable economic development, energy conservation and environmental protection must be an important strategic move. Sports as a healthy way of life should respond positively to low-carbon energy fitness concept, promote energy-saving environmental protection under the fitness movement, advocate scientific fitness, and create a rich atmosphere in the sports and fitness aspects of environmental protection. Sports should make a meaningful contribution to energy conservation, carbon emission reduction and environment protection.

scholarly journals Climate Change Influenced by Technologies: Legal, Social and Economic Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4667-4672
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
International Community ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
The World

The problem of global warming is a threat to humankind. A slow, steady and gradual increase in the average temperature on the planet is a systematic event directly related to the negative effects of climate change. This phenomenon contributes to the rise of the world ocean level, and, as a result, leads to flooding of large territories. The world community is concerned about the need for concerted action within the UN to develop common standards and principles to counter the negative effects of global warming and climate change issues have become the subject of legal regulation on international and regional levels. Climate change under discussion has been an important issue for more than a decade. However, at present, humanity is facing a real threat to its further existence, as the increase in the average planetary temperature threatens not only natural but also economic, social and political crises and disasters. In this paper, the authors analyze various effects of global processes, in which humans take part, on the prospects and directions of the development of civilization. The focus is on one of the most important problems – the negative impact of humans on the environment – the current situation and potential threats. The authors attempted to address the specific consequences of climate change from the standpoint of the existing international legal regulation, from the 1992 Framework Convention to the 2016 Paris Agreement, while highlighting the economic and political dilemmas faced by the international community, as well as various scenarios of development for different regions of the world. Naturally, the positions of the two antagonistic world powers, the Russian Federation and the United States of America, are discussed, as well as the conflict of interests of the international community as a whole and individual states. The authors also discuss a rather sensitive matter of protection of individual rights of people, mentioning certain achievements in this area due to the functioning of international human rights mechanisms, both of quasi-judicial and judicial nature. As a conclusion for the commentary, the authors formulated the consequences to which this trend can lead, considering both the economic, social and political aspects.

scholarly journals Perlindungan dan Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup menurut Perspektif Al-Qur’an

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Muslim Djuned
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Symbiotic Mutualism ◽  
Hand Amputation

Human relations and the environment are symbiotic mutualism, but environmental conflicts occur when people interact in it. Damage to the environment is one of the greatest threats to the survival of modern humans. Generally, environmental damage and pollution caused by the behavior and impact of human activity to global warming, the B3 waste, climate change, pollution, flooding, eroded, and ozone depletion. The environment needs protection and preservation of the damage. Because it needs to be a systematic attempt to inhibit the rate of damage and pollution. Based on the analysis of the verses on the theme of environmental protection and preservation, the ruling is required as an obligation to protect the pillars of Islamic law, namely: al-din al-nafs al-nasl, al-mal, al-'aql and al -bî'ah. Punitive sanctions against the perpetrators of environmental crimes according to the Qur'an is the maximum punishment, such as stoning or crosses, and the minimum punishment, namely punishment of hand amputation ta'zir. AbstrakRelasi manusia dan lingkungan hidup bersifat simbiosis mutualisme, namun konflik lingkungan terjadi ketika manusia berinteraksi di dalamnya. Kerusakan lingkungan hidup merupakan salah satu ancaman terbesar bagi kelangsungan hidup manusia modern. Umumnya kerusakan dan pencemaran lingkungan disebabkan oleh perilaku dan aktivitas manusia yang berdampak terjadinya pemanasan global, limbah B3, perubahan iklim, polusi, banjir, longsong, dan penipisan ozon. Lingkungan hidup membutuhkan perlindungan dan pelestarian dari kerusakannya. Karena itu perlu upaya sistematis untuk menghambat laju kerusakan dan pencemarannya. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap nash-nash al-perlindungan dan pelestarian lingkungan hidup hukumnya adalah wajib sebagaimana kewajiban melindungi pilar-pilar hukum Islam, yaitu: al-dîn, al-nafs, al-nasl, al-mâl, al-‘aql dan al-bî’ah. Sanksi hukuman terhadap pelaku tindak kejahatan lingkungan hidup menurut al-Qur’an adalah hukuman maksismal, yaitu rajam atau salib, dan hukuman minimal, yaitu hukuman potong tangan ta’zir.

scholarly journals Tree Resin as the Most Macroergic Constituent of Conifers – A Possible Means to Mitigate Global Warming and Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Demko ◽  
Ján Machava
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuels ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Efficient Energy Use

Tree resin, which in addition to its widespread use in industry is also a macroergic component which has not yet been used for energy purposes. The main goal of this work is to determine the energy content of the resin of spruce, pine and larch and wood components – pulp and turpentine. The combustion heats of resin (MJ/kg) from each timber was determined calorimetrically. The energy values of tree resin (>38.0 MJ.kg-1) were 2.2 and 2.4 times higher than that of bleached and unbleached cellulose, the highest value was recorded for the turpentine (>39.0 MJ.kg-1). The best way of resin tapping is the America method, providing 5 kg resin ha-1 yr-1. The resin quantity tapped was raised at least 3 times applying stimulant, its production cost compared to other feedstocks was the cheapest. The tree resin can be applied as a good means to mitigate global warming and consequently dampen climate change. One tonne of tree resin burned instead of coal spares the atmosphere by 5.0 Mt CO2 since it is environmentally neutral. As resin heating values approach to the lower end of ones of liquid hydrocarbon fuels, greater efforts are needed to examine the most efficient energy use of resin.

scholarly journals Linking urban scenarios with energy simulations for dense urban planning under climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
J Felkner ◽  
B Marshall ◽  
S Richter ◽  
E Mbata ◽  
S Zigmund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Climate Change Projections ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Energy Simulations ◽  
Scale Design

Abstract This research aims at linking Urban Planning, Energy Simulations and Climate Change projections into the year 2100 for hot climates. The workflow of going back and forth between urban and city scale plans and individual neighborhood parcels to building scale, for the sake of simulating energy demand for a given city into the future is complex. It is prone to rely on many assumptions and simplifications in order to aid the simulations. In this work, we streamline the process with new computational tools, with the goal of communicating a more precise impact of building scale and neighborhood morphological scale design and retrofit strategies in order to meet energy reduction and carbon emission targets focusing on 2030, 2050 and 2100. Urban scenarios are developed using Envision Tomorrow. The building archetypes used therein are associated with energy demand profiles which we simulate using EnergyPlus for various climate change scenarios to improve the forecasting ability of Envision Tomorrow. Denser developments yield far lower neighborhood energy use.

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