scholarly journals The Fortress of the Holy Cross: Foundation and Construction (1722–1735)

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
M.-P. B. Abdusalamov ◽  
N. D. Chekulayev
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
The Russian Empire

The current research is based on archival documents and works by domestic specialists in Caucasian studies. It features the foundation and construction of the Fortress of the Sacred Cross. Its history began during the famous Persian, or Caspian, Campaign of Peter the Great (1722–1723). As a result, the Caspian provinces of Iranand the entire Seaside Dagestan entered the Russian Empire. To protect the new territories, a system of military fortifications was built. The Fortress of the Holy Cross was founded by Peter the Great in September, 1722, inthe estuary of the SulakRiver. It gradually became one of the economic, administrative and political centers of the Caucasus.Owing to its strategic location, the Fortress of the Holy Cross played an important historical role in the Caucasian policy ofRussia: it wasRussia’s pillar of support in the region and shielded the southern boundaries of the Empire. The article focuses on the history of the garrison, which has long remained understudied by domestic historiographers. Some Russian researches devoted to the Caucasian policy in general mention the political and economic role of the Fortress. However, there have been no separate studies devoted to the history of the Fortress – a lacuna the authors of the article attempt to bridge.

scholarly journals Unknown pages from Maria Kantakuzino’s biography

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Victor Tvircun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Political ◽  
Biographical Data ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Russian Empire

Thе present publication is the first in historiography to highlight the unknown pages from the biography of Maria Andreevna Kantakuzino, wife of Foma (Toma) Kantakuzino, Major General of the Russian Army, an associate of Peter the Great. The research is based on documents discovered by the author in the State archives of the Russian Federation. The hallmark of this article is the fact, that the biographical data of Maria Cantacuzino are disclosed in the context of the political events of the 1st quarter of the 18th century, as well as her personal ties and correspondence with statesmen of the Russian Empire, the author reflects the issue of the financial situation of the countess in Russia. At the same time, the publication sheds light on the previously unknown biographical data of Maria Cantacuzino – the time and conditions of her arrival in Russia, the place of residence, as well as the date of her death. This publication, on the basis of archival documents discovered and introduced into scientific circulation, makes it possible to show the property status and possessions of the Cantacuzino family in Russia in the first half of the 18th century, as well as their fate after the death of the owners.

scholarly journals THE HISTORICAL ROLE OF SPAIN IN THE THOUGHT OF CARL SCHMITT

ARHE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (34) ◽  
pp. 295-309
Author(s):  
ORAZIO MARIA GNERRE
Keyword(s):  
Religious Faith ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Carl Schmitt ◽  
Guerrilla Warfare ◽  
The Political ◽  
Western European Country ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Culture Of Origin

Carl Schmitt's personal history was notoriously closely linked to Spain, a nation with which he also shared religious faith and therefore partly a culture of origin. But Schmitt's thought was linked to Spain for many other reasons, which made this country, for the German thinker, a very particular point of view on the destiny of the world. From the political predictions of Donoso Cortés, to the decline of Eurocentrism, to the elemental struggle between land and sea, to guerrilla warfare, the role of this Western European country remained pre-eminent for Schmitt in the history of civilization.

scholarly journals The Burden of the Empire and the Vocation of Russia: George Fedotov’s Philosophy of History

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Klepikova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Ivan The Terrible ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Creative Role

The paper discusses the philosophical and historical doctrine of the Russian philosopher and historian George Petrovich Fedotov. The author focuses on the analysis of imperial issues in the works of G.P. Fedotov, especially of his views on the cultural history of the Russian empire and the essence of imperial project in Russia. Fedotov reconsiders the historical experience and revolutionary catastrophe of Russia and searches for the foundations of the social and cultural processes determining the events of Russian history. Fedotov’s works offer a variety of interpretations of the political and cultural phenomenon of empire. This reflects his evolution as a philosopher of history: the focus of his vision shifts from the Medieval Rus to the Empire of Peter the Great, then to the collapsed empire of Nicholas II and finally to the USSR (the latter was also an empire according to him). Fedotov’s concept of Empire evolves into a timeless cultural-philosophical phenomenon but originates from the historical description of the centralization of power in the feudal monarchy of Ivan the Terrible. The evolution of the philosophical and historical views of Fedotov is influenced by the changes of his attitude to the historical conception of Klyuchevsky. In the 1940s Fedotov considers the empire as a universal idea. The concept of empire proposed by Fedotov gives an understanding of the Russian historical development, especially the causes of the decline and fall of the Russian Empire. Fedotov associates the cause of the salvation of Russia with the study of ancient Russian culture, in which he founds a moral and political ideal of the “Republic of Saint Sophia.” The paper shows heuristic potential of Fedotov’s cultural and philosophical ideas on the vocation of spiritual elite and the creative role of personality in the process of nation-building.

Islam in Kazakhstan: History of Distribution and Modernity

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5 (103)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Burkutbay Ayagan
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article is devoted to the analysis of the spread of Islam around the steppe in the 8th — 13th centuries, development of religions within the Golden Horde and the Kazakh Khanate, place and role in the Russian Empire. In the work the authors uses a wide layer of archival documents examines the content and essence of the anti-religious (atheistic) policy of the Soviet state. Much attention is paid to revealing the features and characteristics of the development of interfaith relations in modern Kazakhstan, the formation of religious tolerance, tolerance and dialogue in a multi-ethnic society, and so teaching the basics of religious studies in the training and educational space. The article uses such methods of scientific research as historical-typological, structural-comparative, systemic, content analysis. The main results are that the work reveals the history of the spread of Islam in the Steppe, the content of the policy of party bodies, the place and role of interfaith relations in society after the collapse of the USSR, the importance of religious studies in the system of modern education. The field of application of the research results is in the system of researching the history of Islam in Kazakhstan, as well as in the use and teaching of social and humanitarian disciplines.

scholarly journals The Political and Legal Aspect of the Relations between the Autocracy and the Adventists in the Context of the General Protestant Movement in the Second Half of the Nineteenth and First Years of the Twentieth Centuries

2008 ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Roman Anatoliyovych Sitarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Seventh Day Adventist ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

The topic of the study is a component of modern scientific exploration that examines the role of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in building our multi-denominational society. In particular, the issue of determining the place and role of the Adventist Church in society and the state is important. However, today it is possible to unleash it only by summing up the accumulated experience in this field for the whole period of the history of Adventism in Ukraine. The problem of state-confessional relations is important, but it has not been given sufficient importance in terms of theoretical research, which sometimes leads to gross errors in the construction of these relations, which is not beneficial to society. Thus, it is interesting for us to experience the emergence of relations between the state and the Adventist faith in the Ukrainian lands that were part of the Russian Empire, since that is when the formation of the Adventist Church in the domestic territories began.

Working-Class Interests and the Politics of Social Democratic Reform in Britain, 1900–1940

1991 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Cronin ◽  
Peter Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Political Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Property A ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Democratic Reform ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

When nineteenth-century liberals searched for reasons not to enfranchise the lower orders, they most often hit upon the argument that, once given the vote, workers would use it to elect governments pledged to redistribution and welfare at the expense of property. A cursory look at the political history of the twentieth century suggests they were not entirely deluded. Indeed, the most salient facts about political development since 1900 surely are related: The democratization of the political system allowed for the emergence of the working class as a distinct claimant to political power, and its presence within the polity somehow or another stimulated the enormous extension of the social and economic role of the state.

scholarly journals The Project of the Yakut Regional Head N. I. Myagkov on the Arrangement of the Udsky Territory (the 1820s)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Vasiliev Aisen D. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time

For the first time in Russian history, on the basis of archival documents, the article examines the proposals of the regional chief Nikolai Ivanovich Myagkov on the arrangement of the transboundary region in the east of the Russian Empire ‒ the Udsky Territory of the Yakutsk Oblast (1827), which was adjacent to the Chinese possessions. The border position of the territory gave a special status, the region was characterized by a specific community. The relevance of the topic is due to modern issues of cross-border regionalization and, in general, a poor degree of knowledge of the history of the Udsky region of the pre-revolutionary period. The research is based on the principles of historicism and scientific objectivity, as well as historical-systemic and historical-comparative methods. The prerequisites and problems of reforming the region are analyzed, the role of N. I. Myagkov and an official for special assignments A. Y. Uvarovsky in the preparation of the project. The earlier submitted proposals of the Irkutsk authorities (1825) on the development of the Udsky region and the project of the Yakut manager (1827) in a comparative aspect are considered. We note that the project of the latter was characterized by a detailed understanding of the particular problems of the remote region. The mechanism of multilevel discussion of the project is highlighted, which is associated with the complexity of the management structure of the Yakutsk region. The author notes that the transformation of the region took place in the context of the implementation of M. M. Speransky's Siberian reforms of 1822, in particular with the aim of increasing government revenues, where the main focus was on limiting the abuse of local ministers and policies towards the aboriginal population. Given the special situation in the region, the project attached great importance to Russian-Manchu trade and economic relations. The Siberian Committee was engaged in strict regulation of the observance of the principles of the reform of 1822, in particular, the provisions of the “Charter on the management of indigenous peoples”. Strengthening personal supervision is seen as one of the main methods of the regional chief in solving problems of the local region. In conclusion, the prospects for further study of the presented topic are determined. Keywords: regional chief, N. I. Myagkov, project, arrangement, Udsky Ostrog, outskirts of the Russian Empire, Yakutsk Oblast

scholarly journals Eastern Transcaucasia on the Eve and During the Persian Campaign of Peter the Great

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Zahid Alievich Khalaev
Keyword(s):  
Political Elite ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
The West ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

The study examines little-studied issues of the so-cio-political history of Eastern Transcaucasia on the eve and during the Persian campaign of Peter the Great. Based on the analysis of a wide range of nar-rative and archival sources, the influence of the mili-tary campaign of Peter the Great on the socio-political situation in the studied region is shown. The relations of the Russian authorities with the Christian rulers of the Transcaucasia in the interna-tional context are considered. As a result, the con-clusion is substantiated that during his Persian campaign, Peter I paid special attention not only to representatives of the Dagestan political elite, but also to the Christian rulers of the Eastern Transcau-casia, to the Georgian and Armenian rulers, in par-ticular, which gave him a great advantage in the struggle for domination in the Caucasus. The results of the Persian campaign of Peter for the Russian state were successful. The campaign put the west-ern part of the Caspian region under the control of the Russian state, such cities of Derbent and Baku were occupied. In general, this campaign marked the beginning of the process of the accession of the Transcaucasia to the Russian Empire.

Introduction Identity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Stephen V. Bittner
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
History Of ◽  
Travel Abroad

After laying out the principal arguments, the introduction surveys the history of wine consumption from Kievan Rus in the tenth century to the Soviet embrace of Georgian foodways and wine toasting in the twentieth. It highlights the role of Peter the Great, who encountered fine European wine during travel abroad, and who forced the Russian aristocracy to adopt European modes of consumption. By the early nineteenth century, European wines were common fixtures on elite Russian tables, and domestic wines from the Don region, Crimea, and the Caucasus began to appear as well. Wine thus spoke to instabilities in Russia that vodka could not, particularly the tension between a narrow elite that had been acculturated to European modes of consumption, and broad masses that remained oblivious to them.

Theodosian Town Governor Semen Mikhailovich Bronevsky: New Documents for the Biography

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11 (109)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Irina Tunkina
Keyword(s):  
Civil Service ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Taman Peninsula ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

According to archival documents, the biography of the Theodosian town governor (1810—1816), state councilor Semen Bronevsky, in whose house Pushkin and Raevsky stayed in 1820, was reconstructed. The stages of his military and civil service, the circumstances of disgrace and resignation were traced. Bronevsky is the author of books and notes on the history of Russian-Caucasian relations of the 16th — 19th centuries, which had a significant impact on the works of A. S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov devoted to the Caucasus and all subsequent historiography of Caucasian studies. As the town governor of Theodosia, Bronevsky did a lot for the improvement of the city, initiated the creation of the first municipal archaeological museum in the Russian Empire — the Theodosia Museum of Antiquities (1811) and the first excavations by the «father of Bosporan archeology» Paul Dubrux in the Eastern Crimea and on the Taman Peninsula.

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