THE CONCEPT OF MODERNIZATION OF UNDERGROUND ORE MINING TECHNOLOGIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Владимир Голик ◽  
Vladimir Golik ◽  
Вячеслав Дзапаров ◽  
Viacheslav Dzaparov ◽  
Георгий Харебов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Mechanochemical Activation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
State Management

The article is devoted to the conversion of mining enterprises from open way of development of ore deposits into underground method of development. The aim is regulation of the main preparation stages of the mining industry to diversifi mining and ore processing. The research methodology includes a critical analysis of the theory and practice of production processes, development of recommendations and justifi of effi of modernization of the existing situation. The results of the research . The paper features a characteristic of mining methods and an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. It formulates the present state of the mining industry in Russia in conditions of the market and toughening of requirements to environmental management. The article explains the environmental and resource essence of the technology of fi the mined-out space with hardening fi mixtures. It offers a description of the technology with the solvent extraction of metals from ore with a focus on underground solvent extraction of off-balance ore in the frame of the combined criterion of completeness of metal extraction technology. The model presented in the article is based on the effectiveness of mechanochemical activation of raw materials for the preparation of hardening fi mixtures. It defi the profi from the involvement of off-balance ore into the manufacture. The paper features the concept of state management of ore-bearing massifs on the basis of the regulation of natural and technogenic stress levels by fi the technological voids with hardening mixtures. Another concept described in the article is the production of metals by solvent extraction and aspects of its implementation, including that by disintegrator. The scope of the results implementation includes mining and processing enterprises, mainly non-ferrous ore exploiting metallurgy. Conclusions . Conversion to underground deposit development requires development of technologies of fi the technological voids with hardening mixtures. These technologies are based on utilization of tailings processing benefi and metallurgy after extracting from them the residual metals by, for example, mechanochemical activation. Comprehensive modernization of technology development increases the completeness of the use of sub-soil resources, contributes to the improvement of the economy of mining enterprises and to improvement of the environment.

Role of Materials Analysis in the Reconstruction of Early Metal Extraction Technology: Zinc and Silver-Lead Smelting at Zawar, Rajasthan

1990 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
I C Freestone ◽  
A P Middleton ◽  
P T Craddock ◽  
L K Gurjar ◽  
D R Hook
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Materials Analysis ◽  
Lead Smelting

AbstractMicroscopy and elemental analysis of ore, slag, ceramic and ash from a major metallurgical site have allowed insights into the ancient processes. Constraints have been placed on raw materials and smelting conditions, and aspects of technological change and development have been recognised.

scholarly journals A Tunnel under an In-Pit Mine Waste Dump to Improve Environmental and Landscape Recovery of the Site

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Rania Rebbah ◽  
Joana Duarte ◽  
Omar Djezairi ◽  
Mohamed Fredj ◽  
João Santos Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Environmental Recovery ◽  
Phosphate Deposit

By adopting the green mining concept, the mining industry seeks to respond to the current societal objective of supplying the mineral raw materials necessary for economic development while minimising the ecological footprint. To accomplish environmental recovery simultaneously with mineral exploitation, as well as to take advantage of mine waste, this study proposes a new solution that includes the construction of a tunnel to access the mining area. The concept, developed with topographical and geological data, was tested for the Bled El Hadba phosphate deposit. The extraction volumes were estimated by considering all the technical and legal aspects of the exploitation. The results showed that the best location for the tunnel is on the non-mineralised bottom of the mine and placed after ore removal. The tunnel is then progressively covered by mine tailings as it is extended. This concept is applicable to sub-horizontal ore deposits. We show that the solution is feasible and allows full site recovery at the end of the open-pit mining phase.

scholarly journals ORGANISATION OF THE TRANSPORTATION PROCESS OF OVERSIZED CARGO BY MODES OF TRANSPORT. ROLE AND POSITION OF MARITIME TRANSPORT IN THIS PROCESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (154) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
О. Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Time Required

The article deals with comparison of modes of transportation concerning oversized and heavylift cargo carriage. The peculiarities of each mode of transport directed to determine the rational spheres of its use, but at the same time the development of the geography of maritime trade and intercontinental mainline freight flows has had a significant impact on the increase in the volume of transportation of industrial cargoes, raw materials and high-tech equipment and served as an impetus for the realization of the competitive advantages of the water transport over the other modes of transportation. Assistance in the development of external economic relations and provision of international trade relations as priority components in the list of advantages of which marine transport has in the world economy. Therefore, it becomes obvious that one of the most difficult types of transportation is the carriage of oversized and heavylift cargoes. It is reasonable to note that this concept has differences depending on the type of transport used. There are also various rules of transportation by rail, sea, air and road. Advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of the transportation process of oversized cargo using a particular mode of transport are not very apparent and depend primarily on factors such as indication of dimensions, information on weight, type of cargo, route requirements and time required for transportation, volume of transportation, specific conditions and requirements for carriage. Oversized cargoes in their turn include the cargo units of construction vehicles (excavators, bulldozers, graders, trucks), drilling rigs, earthmoving machines, various machinery and mechanisms for mining industry, steel structures and bridge supports, wind generators, transformers, as well as extra-length equipment, parts and components of plants. Keywords: Oversized and heavylift cargo transportation, water transport, mode of transportation

Research on the Extraction Technology of Alkaloids in Natural Medicine

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 3218-3222
Author(s):  
Yu Bin Ji ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Si Ting Wang ◽  
Qi Chang Dai ◽  
Peng Tian
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Hyphenated Techniques ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Organic Solvent Extraction ◽  
Alcohol Solvent

The alkaloid is one of the most important components in Chinese traditional medicine plants. It is of great significance for studying of alkaloids material about how to extract the alkaloids from the Chinese native medicine ingredient effectively due to the extremely important pharmacological activities of it. The traditional methods and the progress of the application of new technology of preparations of alkaloid were reviewed in the paper. At present, traditional extraction include water and acid water extraction, alcohol solvent extraction, lipophilic organic solvent extraction, new technologies such as UAE, MAE, enzymatic, SBE and hyphenated techniques. Then the development prospect of preparations of alkaloids was discussed by analyzing the principle and advantages and disadvantages of them.

The Imperatives of Beneficiation Law for Botswana’s Diamond Mining Industry and Its Implications for Foreign Investment Protection

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Femi Oluyeju ◽  
Kuda Tshiamo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Investment Protection ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Diamond Mining ◽  
Backward And Forward Linkages

This article seeks to interrogate the advantages and disadvantages of beneficiation law for Botswana’s mining industry and its implications for foreign investment protection. Furthermore, it argues that the enactment of beneficiation law could stimulate economic growth and development in Botswana. On a proper analysis of the potential of beneficiation law it seems plain that it may facilitate the integration, of among others, the cutting and polishing segments through the backward and forward linkages in the entire diamond value chain to move Botswana diamond industry a step further as a new and emerging jewellery manufacturing and retail center in order to derive maximum returns from the rough diamond production. Quite clearly, cutting and polishing of diamonds in Botswana is bound to promote employment which in turn will promote demand for goods and services that would have a positive impact on economic growth in Botswana.  The paper concludes that on a balance, the opportunities accruable from the enactment of this law far outweigh the downsides and will not in any way scare investors away as some have perceived it.

scholarly journals Potential Benefits and Constraints of Development of Critical Raw Materials’ Production in the EU: Analysis of Selected Case Studies

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Guzik ◽  
Krzysztof Galos ◽  
Alicja Kot-Niewiadomska ◽  
Toni Eerola ◽  
Pasi Eilu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Cost And Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Critical Raw Materials

Major benefits and constraints related to mineral extraction within the EU have been identified on the examples of selected critical raw materials’ deposits. Analyzed case studies include the following ore deposits: Myszków Mo-W-Cu (Poland), Juomasuo Au-Co (Finland), S. Pedro das Águias W-Sn (Portugal), Penouta Nb-Ta-Sn (Spain), Norra Kärr REEs (Sweden) and Trælen graphite (Norway). They represent different stages of development, from the early/grassroot exploration stage, through advanced exploration and active mining, up to reopening of abandoned mines, and refer to different problems and constraints related to the possibility of exploitation commencement. The multi-criteria analysis of the cases has included geological and economic factors as well as environmental, land use, social acceptance and infrastructure factors. These factors, in terms of cost and benefit analysis, have been considered at three levels: local, country and EU levels. The analyzed cases indicated the major obstacles that occur in different stages of deposit development and need to be overcome in order to enable a new deposit exploitation commencement. These are environmental (Juomasuo and Myszków), spatial (Juomasuo) as well as social constraints (Norra Kärr, Juomasuo). In the analyzed cases, the most important constraints related to future deposit extraction occur primarily at a local level, while some important benefits are identified mainly at the country and the EU levels. These major benefits are related to securing long-term supplies for the national industries and strategically important EU industry sectors.

scholarly journals A New Face of Mining Engineer—International Curricula to Sustainable Development and Green Deal (A Case Study of the Wrocław University of Science and Technology)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Karolina Adach-Pawelus ◽  
Anna Gogolewska ◽  
Justyna Górniak-Zimroz ◽  
Barbara Kiełczawa ◽  
Joanna Krupa-Kurzynowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mining Engineer ◽  
European Institute ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Development Goals

The mining industry in the world has undergone a major metamorphosis in recent years. These changes have forced higher education to modify the curricula in a thorough way to meet the mining entrepreneurs’ needs. The paper’s scope is to answer the research question—how to attract students and implement Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in higher education in mining engineering? Based on the case of international cooperation carried out at the Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology of the Wrocław University of Science and Technology (WUST) within the framework of educational projects co-financed by European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) and EIT Knowledge and Innovation Communities Raw Materials (EIT RM), the authors prove that the idea of sustainable development can be introduced into the system of teaching mining specialists at every level of their higher education (engineering and master’s studies), through developing their new competencies, introducing new subjects taking into account innovative solutions and technologies, or placing great emphasis on environmental and social aspects. Examples of new curricula show a good way to change into the new face of a mining engineer.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on the Application of Machine Learning in Exploiting Mineralogical Data in Mining and Mineral Industry

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 816
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jooshaki ◽  
Alona Nad ◽  
Simon Michaux
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Ore Grade

Machine learning is a subcategory of artificial intelligence, which aims to make computers capable of solving complex problems without being explicitly programmed. Availability of large datasets, development of effective algorithms, and access to the powerful computers have resulted in the unprecedented success of machine learning in recent years. This powerful tool has been employed in a plethora of science and engineering domains including mining and minerals industry. Considering the ever-increasing global demand for raw materials, complexities of the geological structure of ore deposits, and decreasing ore grade, high-quality and extensive mineralogical information is required. Comprehensive analyses of such invaluable information call for advanced and powerful techniques including machine learning. This paper presents a systematic review of the efforts that have been dedicated to the development of machine learning-based solutions for better utilizing mineralogical data in mining and mineral studies. To that end, we investigate the main reasons behind the superiority of machine learning in the relevant literature, machine learning algorithms that have been deployed, input data, concerned outputs, as well as the general trends in the subject area.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Ecological Changes, Social Behaviour and Human Intergroup Tolerance 300,000 to 30,000 BP

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Spikins ◽  
Jennifer C. French ◽  
Seren John-Wood ◽  
Calvin Dytham
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Behaviours

AbstractArchaeological evidence suggests that important shifts were taking place in the character of human social behaviours 300,000 to 30,000 years ago. New artefact types appear and are disseminated with greater frequency. Transfers of both raw materials and finished artefacts take place over increasing distances, implying larger scales of regional mobility and more frequent and friendlier interactions between different communities. Whilst these changes occur during a period of increasing environmental variability, the relationship between ecological changes and transformations in social behaviours is elusive. Here, we explore a possible theoretical approach and methodology for understanding how ecological contexts can influence selection pressures acting on intergroup social behaviours. We focus on the relative advantages and disadvantages of intergroup tolerance in different ecological contexts using agent-based modelling (ABM). We assess the relative costs and benefits of different ‘tolerance’ levels in between-group interactions on survival and resource exploitation in different environments. The results enable us to infer a potential relationship between ecological changes and proposed changes in between-group behavioural dynamics. We conclude that increasingly harsh environments may have driven changes in hormonal and emotional responses in humans leading to increasing intergroup tolerance, i.e. transformations in social behaviour associated with ‘self-domestication’. We argue that changes in intergroup tolerance is a more parsimonious explanation for the emergence of what has been seen as ‘modern human behaviour’ than changes in hard aspects of cognition or other factors such as cognitive adaptability or population size.

Integrating molecular and morphological approaches for characterizing parasite cryptic species: implications for parasitology

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (13) ◽  
pp. 1688-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN A. NADLER ◽  
GERARDO PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Parasite Biodiversity ◽  
Operational Practices ◽  
Methodological Considerations

SUMMARYHerein we review theoretical and methodological considerations important for finding and delimiting cryptic species of parasites (species that are difficult to recognize using traditional systematic methods). Applications of molecular data in empirical investigations of cryptic species are discussed from an historical perspective, and we evaluate advantages and disadvantages of approaches that have been used to date. Developments concerning the theory and practice of species delimitation are emphasized because theory is critical to interpretation of data. The advantages and disadvantages of different molecular methodologies, including the number and kind of loci, are discussed relative to tree-based approaches for detecting and delimiting cryptic species. We conclude by discussing some implications that cryptic species have for research programmes in parasitology, emphasizing that careful attention to the theory and operational practices involved in finding, delimiting, and describing new species (including cryptic species) is essential, not only for fully characterizing parasite biodiversity and broader aspects of comparative biology such as systematics, evolution, ecology and biogeography, but to applied research efforts that strive to improve development and understanding of epidemiology, diagnostics, control and potential eradication of parasitic diseases.

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