scholarly journals MALIGNANCY IN SOLITARY COLD NODULE THYROID

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Usman Habib Virk ◽  
Yar Muhammad ◽  
Khalid Masood Gondal ◽  
Humayun Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
P Value ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Palpable Nodule ◽  
Cold Nodule

AbstractIntroduction:The thyroid gland is one of the largest endocrine gland constitute of two lobes connected by an isthmus. Thyroid nodules are a frequent clinical problem and its incidence is rising. The solitary nodules are the palpable nodule in otherwise normal gland whereas dominant nodules are the palpable nodule in an enlarged gland. There is a variable frequency of malignancy in solitary cold nodule. Our study is aimed to find its frequency in local population.Objective:To determine the frequency of Maligna-ncy in solitary cold nodule thyroid.Material and Methods:This is the descriptive case series study conducted at East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital Lahore in 1 year duration from 01-01-2014 to 31-12-2014. 140 patients age more than 12 years of either sex with confirmed solitary cold nodule thyroid of any size on physical examination, ultrasound and thyroid scan through non-probability purposive sampling technique were included in the study. A biopsy of the cold nodule was sent to hospital laboratory to determine the frequency of malignancy. All demographic and clinical findings were recorded on a predesigned proforma. All collected data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS 20. Quantitative variables like age and size of nodule was presented in the form of mean SD and qualitative variables like gender and malignancy was presented in the form of frequency and percentages. Post-stratification chi-square test was applied, P-value ? 0.05 as significant.Results:The mean age of the patients was noted as 40.10 11.62 years. There were 47.14% male patients while 52.86% female. Malignancy was found in 23 (16.43%) patients whereas absent in 117 (83.57%) patients.Conclusion:It is concluded that the malignancy is more frequent in solitary cold nodule thyroid in our local population and in timely intervention and proper screening is recommended.Keywords:Malignancy, Cold Nodule Thyroid, Thy-roid Scan, Biopsy.

scholarly journals HAEMATOETIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SPLENOMEGALY

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Y.V.S. Prabhakar ◽  
Vasireddy Teja ◽  
Ponnaganti Vasundhara
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Picture ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Series Study

BACKGROUND: Splenomegaly is usually the result of an underlying disorder.Causes ranging from infections to haematological malignancies. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES : Present study aims to find out the frequency of various haematological causes of splenomegaly and to study its haematological parameters . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This descriptive case series study was carried out at Department of Medicine at Nri General Hospital from 1st March 2019 to 31st August 2019,over a period of six months. 100 patients older than 13 years of age with clinically enlarged spleen were selected for this study. Sampling technique is Non propability convinient sampling. After getting informed consent from the patients proforma filled elaborating history, important clinical findings and investigations like abdominal ultrasound , complete blood picture , liver function tests , virals were performed. RESULTS: Males (57%) are most commonly affected than females (43%). The most common age group in males was 41-50 yrs and females was 21-30 yrs. The maximum cases were identified with moderate splenomegaly.Among the haematological causes 57% were leukemias,of which 30% were chronic and 27% were acute . CONCLUSION : Splenomegaly in a symptomatic person should always be investigated thoroughly as most of the cases are treatable. Haematological parameters with enlarged spleen is utmost important as an additional tool in evaluating the etiopathogenesis of splenomegaly.

scholarly journals Early and long-term complications following transanal pull through Soave technique in infants with Hirschsprung's diseaseric infants with Hirschsprung's disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoochehr Ghorbanpour ◽  
Mohammad Ali Seyfrabie ◽  
Babak Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Hirschsprung's Disease ◽  
Hirschsprung’S Disease ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Case Series ◽  
P Value ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The Mean

Objective. Patients undergoing Soave surgery for Hirschsprung's disease are at risk for some complications. The aim of this study was to investigate such short-term and long-term complications and evaluate the outcome of the operation in these patients. Methods. A case series study was carried out during the last 12 years, during 2007 to 2018 in Besat hospital of Hamadan. Data collection conducted using a checklist includes questions about demographic information, clinical features, and short-term and long-term complications, and consequences of post-operative surgery. The findings of the study were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and appropriate statistical tests. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 55 children underwent Soave surgery during the last 12 years in Besat Hospital Hamadan, Iran. The mean age of the patients was 38±10 days during surgery, of which 56.4% were female. The mean hospital stay was 7.3 days. Also, the mean weight of children at birth was 2970±447 gr. Most of the patients were born as NVD (52.7%) and term (74.5%). The most common comorbidity was congenital heart disease. The most common short-term complication was intestinal obstruction in 14 patients (25.5%) and the most frequent long-term complication was intestinal obstruction and constipation (27.3% each cases). The mortality rate of patients in this study was 14.5% in total. Conclusions. One stage surgical procedure in Hirschsprung's disease is a safe and effective method, but care should be taken in choosing patients and patients should be monitored for possible complications, so that they can be considered and implemented for proper treatment.

Case series study: the diagnosis and treatment of fifty tumors and pseudotumors at the proximal femur

MedPharmRes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Ly Duc Minh Van ◽  
Thi Cao
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Functional Score ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Pathologic Fractures ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Fixation Devices

Introduction: Tumor and pseudotumor (TP) at the proximal femur (PF) can seriously affect mortality, extremity function, and body integrity. However, reports often focused on a specific tumor, not regional lesions. This study focuses on clinical findings, imaging, micro-pathology, and the treatment of all TP at the site. Methods: The study involved all patients who had a confirmed tumor or pseudotumor diagnosis at the PF. The clinical findings, X-ray, and biopsy were recorded and analyzed. Treatment was optional depending on the patient's situation and available condition of the hospital. The functional outcome, bone healing were defined at the last examination or two years of follow-up. Results: Fifty patients were involved in the study. Twenty-four patients had apparent tumors. TP at the PF, neck-trochanter, trochanters, and neck were 21 (42%), 16 (32%), 9 (18%), and 4 (8%) cases, respectively. There were 29 (58%) pathologic fractures. Biopsy was made for all patients. Twenty-three cases (46%) were malignant, and 8 (16%) cases were giant cell tumors. Thirtythree patients suffered from an operation. Ennerking's functional score was excellent, good, fair, and poor in 24 (48%), 5 (10%), 1 (2%), and 20 (40%) patients, respectively. For the last outcomes of 33 operated patients, 17 healed, three unchanged, one worse, and two dead. Conclusions: For the PF TP, the rate of malignant and pathological fracture was high. The giant cell tumor was not rare. The resection of the TP combined with grafts using ordinary fixation devices was satisfactory.

scholarly journals SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1546-1551
Author(s):  
Naveed Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Zuha Munir ◽  
Samrood Akram ◽  
Amna Abdul Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Control Body ◽  
Selected Effects ◽  
And Control

Objectives: To improved motor learning in spastic cerebral palsy children andreinforce weak movement patterns and to discourage overactive ones. To reduce the spasticitywith different Bobath physical therapy techniques and control body posture as well as bodymovements. Study Design: A case series. Place and Duration of Study: Madina TeachingHospital (The University of Faisalabad) Faisalabad, Pakistan. Period: The duration of the studywas 3 months March 2013 to May 2013. Patients & Methods: A total 13 patients, aged 2-10years of spastic CP were randomly selected. Effects of treatment were measured and datawere collected by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. All children weretested thrice once completion of first month, then end of second month and then completion oftherapy at the end of third month. Results: The result revealed that grading of spasticity from1st to 3rd months of study was measured mean and standard deviations as follow, 1.62±0.87to 0.85±0.80, CV% 53.75 to 95.24% and variance 0.93 to 0.89. The gross motor learningof 5 conditions that was Lying & rolling, Sitting, Crawling & kneeling, Standing, Walking &running and Overall % from first month to third month was measured as follow, Lying & rolling41.48±30.36 to 44.49±31.90 P-value 0.000, Sitting 47.18±37.59 to 49.74±38.11 P-value 0.000,Crawling & kneeling 26.74±27.11 to 29.49±29.17 P-value 0.000, Standing 12.43±16.25 to14.20±17.53 P-value 0.000, Walking & running 9.08±12.75 to 10.47±13.79 P-value 0.000 andOverall % 27.38±23.46 to 29.68±24.85 P-value 0.000. Conclusion: The Bobath techniques(neurodevelopment treatment) on gross motor learning are very effective and do play animportant role in cerebral palsy children.

scholarly journals SYPHILIS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsan Ashfaq ◽  
KAUSAR ABBAS SALDERA ◽  
AYESHA EJAZ ◽  
NOOR-UN NISA MEMON ◽  
HINA RASHID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Neopterin ◽  
Neopterin Level

Objectives: To assess serum Neopterin levels in blood donors of local population and to study its relationship with transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) including syphilis. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Department of Physiology LNMC in collaboration with Basic Medical Sciences Institute, (BMSI), and Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre (J.P.M.C.) Karachi, from Jan to July 2015.”Methods: Total 174 blood donors were included in the study through random sampling technique. They were screen through the standard procedures used for screening at the JPMC blood bank for WHO recommended diseases. Neopterin was estimated using ELISA. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Chi square and ANOVA were applied at a confidence level of 95%.”Results: Neopterin level in the sera of syphilis positive blood donors was 5.86 ± 0.78 nmol/l which was within normal range below the cutoff value of 10 nmol/l. Neopterin content in the serum of blood donors who were negative for transfusion transmitted infections was 6.23± 2.19 nmol/l as compared to blood donors testing positive for transfusion transmitted viral infections showing high Neopterin level of 15.10 ± 4.93 nmol/l. (P value 0.001).”Conclusion: Neopterin levels were found to be within normal limits in blood donors testing positive for syphilis However in  blood donors with transfusion transmitted viral infections  serum neopterin levels were elevated.

Vector Analysis of Anticipated Residual Astigmatism and Actual Residual Astigmatism in Toric IOL Implantation using Callisto-Eye

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Kukuh Prasetyo ◽  
Ucok Pasaribu ◽  
Setiyobudi Riyanto ◽  
Johan Hutauruk
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Toric Iol ◽  
Iol Implantation ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Refraction Vector

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the differences of actual residual astigmatism and anticipated residual astigmatism using Alpin’s Vector Analysis from toric IOL implantation using Image Guided System (Callisto EyeTM) and other method. Method: This was a retrospective case series study done in Jakarta Eyte Center. Data was taken consecutively from medical records of Toric IOL implantation from January 2016 to November 2017. Primary data taken were demographic data, anticipated residual astigmatism, refractive examination both subyectively and objectively. Secondary data was analized using Alpin’s Vector Analysis to substract anticipated residual astigmatism from actrual residual astigmatism. Spherical equivalent and axis shifting also taken from refractive ecamination results. Data was divided into subgrup of Toric IOL implantation using Image Guided System and subgrup of Toric IOL implantation using other method. Results: There was a statically significant difference of subjective refraction vector analysis result between subgroups with differnce of 0.312 dioptri (p value 0.004). Objective refraction vector analysis shows no statistically difference between two subgrups (p value 0.286). Spherical equivalent both subjectively and objectively not differ (p value 0.721 and 0,689). Axis shifting from refractive examination also not statistically significant differ between two subgrups (p value 0.432 and 0.358) Conclusion: Difference between actual residual astigmatism from subjective refraction and anticipated residual astigmatism is lower whrn usingCallisto EyeTM.

Frequency of High Neutrophil and Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) Among NSTEMI/USA patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2031-2034
Author(s):  
Afaq Shamim ◽  
Aijaz Zeeshan Khan Chachar ◽  
Miqdad Haider ◽  
Mohsin Asif ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Chronic Stable Angina ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
St Elevation

Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is comparatively a new prognostic marker used in patients with chronic stable angina (CSA). NLR can help in predicting short and long term moralities in NSTEMI patients. Aim: To evaluate the frequency of high neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio among NSTEMI/USA patients and to compare frequency of mortality in patients of NSTEMI/USA having high NLR with those without high NLR. Study design& duration: Descriptive, case series study from 25th November 2020 to 24th May 2021. Study settings: Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Methods: 185 patients having non ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and/or unstable angina (UA) having 30 to 70 years age and both males and females were included. Patients with sepsis having total Leucocyte count (TLC>11,000/<4000), history of surgery or on steroids in the past three months, history of hematological malignancy, late for fibrinolysis or those with contraindication to fibrinolysis were excluded were excluded. Demographic information (name, age, address, and education) was also noted. Results: Mean age of the participants was 57.99 ± 6.10 years while the age range was from 30 to 70 years. Most of patients 164 were included in the age group of 51 to 70 years. 110 (59.46%) patients were male and 75 (46.54%) of them were females. Frequency of neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio among NSTEMI/USA patients was found in 91 (49.19%) patients. My study has shown higher frequency of mortality in patients of NSTEMI/USA having high NLR 26 (28.57%) compared to normal NLR 06 (6.38%) with p value = 0.0001. Conclusion: Frequency of high neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio among NSTEMI/USA patients is very high with higher mortality in high Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio group as compared to low NLR group. Keywords: Myocardial infarction, Non ST elevation, Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio

The Influence of Breast Cancer on the Distribution of Cherry Angiomas on the Anterior Thoracic Wall: A Case Series Study

Dermatology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Guastafierro ◽  
Vincenzo Verdura ◽  
Bruno Di Pace ◽  
Mario Faenza ◽  
Corrado Rubino
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Unilateral Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference

Background/Aims: Cherry angiomas (CAs) are one of the most common vascular manifestations of the skin. By and large, these benign lesions often only represent an aesthetic problem. In the literature, few authors have focused on the pathogenesis of these lesions, and some risk factors have been identified, such as the presence of cutaneous and non-skin neoplasias. In this study, the correlation between the distribution of CAs and breast cancer was investigated. Methods: We carried out a study whereby 50 women with unilateral breast cancer and the presence of CAs on the anterior thoracic wall were evaluated, with a particular focus on the difference in the number of CAs between the two haemithoraces. The data was elaborated using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test in order to evaluate whether there was a statistical significance in the distribution of CAs. Results: In 31 patients we found that the number of CAs was greater on the cancerous breast than on the contralateral one (p value <0.0001). This was confirmed both in the group of patients suffering from ductal breast cancer and in the group with early invasive breast tumours. Conclusion: It is not clear whether CAs develop prior to or following breast cancer, indicating the possibility that this cutaneous manifestation could take on a predictive, prognostic development or represent only an epiphenomenon. Further in-depth studies into the pathogenesis of CAs and the relationship with breast cancer could lead to noteworthy diagnostic-therapeutic advances.

scholarly journals Prevalence, risk factors and awareness of diabetic retinopathy among admitted diabetic patients at a tertiary level hospital in Kathmandu

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raba Thapa ◽  
Deepak Man Joshi ◽  
Aparna Rizyal ◽  
Nhukesh Maharjan ◽  
Rajesh Dhoj Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the commonest causes of visual impairment and blindness in Nepal. Objectives: The study aims to explore the prevalence, risk factors and awareness of DR among admitted diabetic patients. Materials and methods: A non-interventional case series study was conducted among the inpatient diabetic cases referred for ophthalmic consultation. The patients’ detailed demographics, awareness on DR, concurrent systemic problems, and glycemic control status were recorded. DR was graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Criteria. Main outcome measures: The prevalence, risk factors and awareness of diabetic retinopathy among the study participants was analyzed. Results: A total of 277 diabetic patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 62.25 ± 13.26 years. Only one-third (34.6 %) of the cases were admitted for sugar control and newly diagnosed cases comprised of 19.49 %. Nearly half of the cases (46.6 %) were not aware of diabetic retinopathy and dilated fundus evaluation was done for the first time in 44.4 %. DR was found in 38.26 % of the cases and was diagnosed in 13 % of the new cases. Almost four-fifths (78 %) of the diabetics had had the disease for a duration of 16 to 20 years. Clinically significant macular edema was found in 5.78 % and proliferative DR in 2.52 %. DR was significantly associated with the duration of diabetes (P value = 0.001) and concurrent hypertension (P value = 0.004). Conclusion: The prevalence of DR was 38 % among the admitted diabetic cases and the DR was significantly associated with the duration of diabetes and systemic hypertension. Almost half of the cases had been unaware of DR before referral. This emphasizes the importance of the collaboration of the physician and the ophthalmologist for an early DR detection.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v6i1.10760   Nepal J Ophthalmol 2014; 6 (2): 24-30

scholarly journals Tympanoplasty Type-I using tragal perichondrium graft: Our experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazali Wahid ◽  
Sajid Rashid Nagra
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Type I ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Case Series Study

Objective: To determine the efficacy of tragal perichondrium graft used in tympanoplasty Type-I at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This descriptive case-series study was performed at the department of E.N.T, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Teaching Institution/Lady Reading Hospital (MTI/LRH), Peshawar, Pakistan from June 2017 to May 2018. After approved from IREB, a well informed consent was taken. Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) was performed before surgery and post-operatively at three and six months interval. The mean ± SD Air-Bone Gap (ABG) was calculated in pre- and postoperative PTA. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20). Chi-square (X2) test of significance was used taking confidence interval at 95%. The p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total patients were 36; male 21 (58.3%), female 15(41.7%) with male: female ratio of 1.4:1. Mean ± SD age was 27.14 ± 7.49 years (Range 15 – 50Years). Tympanic membrane perforation was commonly found on right side 22 (61.1%), predominantly involving anterioinferior site 19 (52.8%) and medium sized perforation outnumbered 22 (61.1%). Mean pre-operative air-conduction of 49.72 dB was significantly reduced to 18.27 dB with pvalue of <0.05. Similarly the pre-operative mean air bone gap on PTA of 45.63 ± 8.35dB was also reduced to statistically significant level of 7.41 ± 3.51 dB on post-operative PTA with p-value of <.05. Graft was taken up well in 34 cases (94.4%). Conclusion: Tragal perichondrial graft is an effective grafting material used for tympanoplasty due to its possessing qualities. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.421 How to cite this:Wahid FI, Nagra SR. Tympanoplasty type I using tragal perichondrium graft: Our experience. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.421 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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