scholarly journals A techno-economic analysis of membrane-based advanced treatment processes for the reuse of municipal wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Kehrein ◽  
Morez Jafari ◽  
Marc Slagt ◽  
Emile Cornelissen ◽  
Patricia Osseweijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Reclamation Process

Abstract The objective of this paper is to compare, under Dutch market conditions, the energy consumption and net costs of membrane-based advanced treatment processes for three water reuse types (i.e. potable, industrial, agricultural reuse). The water source is municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent. Results indicate that the application of reverse osmosis is needed to reclaim high quality water for industrial and potable reuse but not for irrigation water which offers significant energy savings but may not lead automatically to lower net costs. While a reclamation process for industrial reuse is economically most promising, irrigation water reclamation processes are not cost effective due to low water prices. Moreover, process operational expenditures may exceed capital expenditures which is important for tender procedures. A significant cost factor is waste management that may exceed energy costs. Water recovery rates could be significantly enhanced through the integration of a softener/biostabilizer unit prior to reverse osmosis. Moreover, the energy consumption of wastewater reclamation processes could be supplied on-site with solar energy. The possibility of designing a ‘fit for multi-purpose’ reclamation process is discussed briefly. This comparative analysis allows for better informed decision making about which reuse type is preferably targeted in a municipal wastewater reuse project from a process design perspective.

scholarly journals The Impact of Advanced Treatment Technologies on the Energy Use in Satellite Water Reuse Plants

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Bailey ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Jacimaria R. Batista
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
World Population ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
The Impact

With an ever-increasing world population and the resulting increase in industrialization and agricultural practices, depletion of one of the world’s most important natural resources, water, is inevitable. Water reclamation and reuse is the key to protecting this natural resource. Water reclamation using smaller decentralized wastewater treatment plants, known as satellite water reuse plants (WRP), has become popular in the last decade. Reuse plants have stricter standards for effluent quality and require a smaller land footprint (i.e., real estate area). They also require additional treatment processes and advanced treatment technologies. This greatly increases the energy consumption of an already energy intensive process, accentuating even more the nexus between energy use and wastewater processing. With growing concerns over the use of nonrenewable energy sources and resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, WRPs are in need of energy evaluations. This paper contrasts the energy consumption of both conventional and advanced treatment processes in satellite WRPs. Results of this research provide a means for engineers and wastewater utilities to evaluate unit processes based on energy consumption as well as a foundation for making decisions regarding the sustainability of using advanced treatment technologies at reuse facilities.

Quantifying human exposure to contaminants for multiple-barrier water reuse systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Khan ◽  
J. A. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Wide Range

Reliance upon advanced water treatment processes to provide safe drinking water from relatively compromised sources is rapidly increasing in Australia and other parts of the world. Advanced treatment processes such as reverse osmosis have the ability to provide very effective treatment for a wide range of chemicals when operated under optimal conditions. However, techniques are required to comprehensively validate the performance of these treatment processes in the field. This paper provides a discussion and demonstration of some effective statistical techniques for the assessment and description of advanced water treatment plant performance. New data is provided, focusing on disinfection byproducts including trihalomethanes and N-nitrosamines from a recent comprehensive quantitative exposure assessment for an advanced water recycling scheme in Australia.

scholarly journals Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
MhdAmmar Hafiz ◽  
Alaa H. Hawari ◽  
Radwan Alfahel ◽  
Mohammad K. Hassan ◽  
Ali Altaee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Food And Agriculture

This study compares the performance of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) for the reclamation of ultrafiltered municipal wastewater for irrigation of food crops. RO and NF technologies were evaluated at different applied pressures; the performance of each technology was evaluated in terms of water flux, recovery rate, specific energy consumption and quality of permeate. It was found that the permeate from the reverse osmosis (RO) process complied with Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards at pressures applied between 10 and 18 bar. At an applied pressure of 20 bar, the permeate quality did not comply with irrigation water standards in terms of chloride, sodium and calcium concentration. It was found that nanofiltration process was not suitable for the reclamation of wastewater as the concentration of chloride, sodium and calcium exceeded the allowable limits at all applied pressures. In the reverse osmosis process, the highest recovery rate was 36%, which was achieved at a pressure of 16 bar. The specific energy consumption at this applied pressure was 0.56 kWh/m3. The lowest specific energy of 0.46 kWh/m3 was achieved at an applied pressure of 12 bar with a water recovery rate of 32.7%.

An optimal solution to achieve the energy neutral Waste Water Treatment Plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Amiel ◽  
Delphine Nawawi-Lansade ◽  
Kim Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Many recent studies have shown processes or models to minimize the energy consumption on a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in operation. Today the main drivers are the energy and CO2 reduction. On existing plants, the potential success of achieving the Energy neutral WWTP depends on the effluent guarantees demanded and the eventual additional carbon sources on the digesters. Veolia has now developed a tool to estimate the energy consumption and the CO2 impact to select the appropriate treatment lines (water and sludge) up front at the project stage. The real challenge is to cover the needs of the plant without external carbon sources added to the digester. At the project stage, before the bid of the WWTP, due to time constraints only few comparisons can be performed to predict the energy consumption and CO2 impact and provide the best solution to reach to the energy neutral plant as electricity wise. One conclusion of the study is that, the raw water characteristics and the effluent guarantee has a great impact on the possibilities to reach the target. Furthermore, working on reducing the power consumption and on increasing the biogas production for example by a continuous Thermal hydrolysis is a good way to go towards self sufficiency.

scholarly journals Modeling of Electric Energy Consumption during Dairy Wastewater Treatment Plant Operation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław Żyłka ◽  
Wojciech Dąbrowski ◽  
Paweł Malinowski ◽  
Beata Karolinczak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption

The intensification of biological wastewater treatment requires the high usage of electric energy, mainly for aeration processes. Publications on energy consumption have been mostly related to municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The aim of the research was to elaborate on models for the estimation of energy consumption during dairy WWTP operation. These models can be used for the optimization of electric energy consumption. The research was conducted in a dairy WWTP, operating with dissolved air flotation (DAF) and an activated sludge system. Energy consumption was measured with the help of three-phase network parameter transducers and a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. The obtained models provided accurate predictions of DAF, biological treatment, and the overall WWTP energy consumption using chemical oxygen demand (COD), sewage flow, and air temperature. Using the energy consumption of the biological treatment as an independent variable, as well as air temperature, it is possible to estimate the variability of the total electric energy consumption. During the summer period, an increase in the organic load (expressed as COD) discharged into the biological treatment causes higher electric energy consumption in the whole dairy WWTP. Hence, it is recommended to increase the efficiency of the removal of organic pollutants in the DAF process. An application for the estimation of energy consumption was created.

scholarly journals Membrane-Based Processes Used in Municipal Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: State-Of-The-Art and Performance Analysis

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Yang ◽  
Mathias Monnot ◽  
Lionel Ercolei ◽  
Philippe Moulin
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Alternative Water

Wastewater reuse as a sustainable, reliable and energy recovery concept is a promising approach to alleviate worldwide water scarcity. However, the water reuse market needs to be developed with long-term efforts because only less than 4% of the total wastewater worldwide has been treated for water reuse at present. In addition, the reclaimed water should fulfill the criteria of health safety, appearance, environmental acceptance and economic feasibility based on their local water reuse guidelines. Moreover, municipal wastewater as an alternative water resource for non-potable or potable reuse, has been widely treated by various membrane-based treatment processes for reuse applications. By collecting lab-scale and pilot-scale reuse cases as much as possible, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the membrane-based treatment processes, mainly focused on the hydraulic filtration performance, contaminants removal capacity, reuse purpose, fouling resistance potential, resource recovery and energy consumption. The advances and limitations of different membrane-based processes alone or coupled with other possible processes such as disinfection processes and advanced oxidation processes, are also highlighted. Challenges still facing membrane-based technologies for water reuse applications, including institutional barriers, financial allocation and public perception, are stated as areas in need of further research and development.

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