scholarly journals Conversion of fisheries waste as magnetic hydroxyapatite bionanocomposite for the removal of heavy metals from groundwater

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1406-1419
Author(s):  
F. Elmi ◽  
R. Chenarian Nakhaei ◽  
H. Alinezhad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fish Scale ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

Abstract This study is the first report of its type demonstrating the synthesis of mHAP on the basis of magnetic functionalization with nHAP, which were synthesized using Rutilus frisii kutum fish scale as a benign fishery waste by-product. The mHAP was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of a single-phase nHAP without any extra steady phases. It was also found that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model gave a satisfactory fit to the experimental data (R2 = 0.99). The maximum removal percentages of Cu and Zn ions in optimal conditions (adsorbent dosage at 0.1 g, 30 min contact time at 25 ± 1 °C and pH = 5 ± 0.1) by mHAP were 97.1% and 93.8%, respectively. Results also demonstrated that mHAP could be recycled for up to five cycles in the case of copper and zinc. The Langmuir isotherm was proved to have a better correlation compared with that of the Freundlich isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that it was a spontaneously endothermic reaction. In conclusion, mHAP could be regarded as a powerful candidate for efficient biosorbent, capable of adsorbing heavy metals from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Sawdust for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Water: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4318
Author(s):  
Elie Meez ◽  
Abbas Rahdar ◽  
George Z. Kyzas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
And Control ◽  
Environmental Agencies

The threat of the accumulation of heavy metals in wastewater is increasing, due to their abilities to inflict damage to human health, especially in the past decade. The world’s environmental agencies are trying to issue several regulations that allow the management and control of random disposals of heavy metals. Scientific studies have heavily focused on finding suitable materials and techniques for the purification of wastewaters, but most solutions have been rejected due to cost-related issues. Several potential materials for this objective have been found and have been compared to determine the most suitable material for the purification process. Sawdust, among all the materials investigated, shows high potential and very promising results. Sawdust has been shown to have a good structure suitable for water purification processes. Parameters affecting the adsorption mechanism of heavy metals into sawdust have been studied and it has been shown that pH, contact time and several other parameters could play a major role in improving the adsorption process. The adsorption was found to follow the Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm and a pseudo second-order kinetic model, meaning that the type of adsorption was a chemisorption. Sawdust has major advantages to be considered and is one of the most promising materials to solve the wastewater problem.

scholarly journals The Removal of Uranium and Thorium from Their Aqueous Solutions by 8-Hydroxyquinoline Immobilized Bentonite

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah ◽  
Gaber ◽  
Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The sorption of uranium and thorium from their aqueous solutions by using 8-hydroxyquinoline modified Na-bentonite (HQ-bentonite) was investigated by the batch technique. Na-bentonite and HQ-bentonite were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Factors that influence the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite such as solution pH, contact time, initial metal ions concentration, HQ-bentonite mass, and temperature were tested. Sorption experiments were expressed by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms and the sorption results demonstrated that the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite correlated better with the Langmuir isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm. Kinetics studies showed that the sorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG° indicated that the sorption of uranium and thorium onto HQ-bentonite was endothermic, feasible, spontaneous, and physical in nature. The maximum adsorption capacities of HQ-bentonite were calculated from the Langmuir isotherm at 303 K and were found to be 63.90 and 65.44 for U(VI) and Th(IV) metal ions, respectively.

Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution by Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eny Kusrini ◽  
Nofrijon Sofyan ◽  
Dwi Marta Nurjaya ◽  
Santoso Santoso ◽  
Dewi Tristantini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Chitosan Composite

Hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HApC) composite has been prepared by precipitation method and used for removal of heavy metals (Cr6+, Zn2+and Cd2+) from aqueous solution. The HAp and 3H7C composite with HAp:chitosan ratio of 3:7 (wt%) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The SEM results showed that HAp is spherical-shaped and crystalline, while chitosan has a flat structure. SEM micrograph of 3H7C composite reveals crystalline of HAp uniformly spread over the surface of chitosan. The crystal structure of HAp is maintained in 3H7C composite. Chitosan affects the adsorption capacity of HAp for heavy metal ions; it binds the metal ions as well as HAp. The kinetic data was best described by the pseudo-second order. Surface adsorption and intraparticle diffusion take place in the mechanism of adsorption process. The binding of HAp powder with chitosan made the capability of composite to removal of Cr6+, Zn2+and Cd2+from aqueous solution effective. The order of removal efficiency (Cr6+> Cd2+> Zn2+) was observed.

scholarly journals Optimization of process parameters for heavy metals biosorption onto mustard waste biomass

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lăcrămioara (Negrilă) Nemeş ◽  
Laura Bulgariu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

AbstractMustard waste biomass was tested as a biosorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution. This strategy may be a sustainable option for the utilization of such wastes. The influence of the most important operating parameters of the biosorption process was analyzed in batch experiments, and optimal conditions were found to include initial solution pH 5.5, 5.0 g biosorbent/L, 2 hours of contact time and high temperature. Kinetics analyses show that the maximum of biosorption was quickly reached and could be described by a pseudo-second order kinetic model. The equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir model, and the highest values of maximum biosorption capacity were obtained with Pb(II), followed by Zn(II) and Cd(II). The thermodynamic parameters of the biosorption process (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) were also evaluated from isotherms. The results of this study suggest that mustard waste biomass can be used for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous media.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization of Moroccan Natural Clays and the Study of their Adsorption Capacity for the Methyl Orange and Methylene

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1258-1267
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcined Clay ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Natural Clays

The objective of this work was the physicochemical characterization of a Moroccan natural clay from the Jorf Arfoud region (Lampert Coodinates: x = 595610, y = 101578) and its valorization in the elimination of organic pollutants (methyl orange MO and methylene blue MB) from aqueous solutions, with the adsorption technique on raw and calcined clay at 500°C. The clay was characterized by chemical analysis such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Crude and purified clays, consisting essentially of silica and alumina, are a characteristic property of phyllosilicates and also contain amounts of quartz, kaolinite and calcite as associated minerals. The experiments were performed after optimization of the parameters influencing the system, such as pH, adsorbent mass, initial dye concentration and temperature. The clays used absorb better the MB than MO, for an initial concentration of 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L respectively. Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption isotherms were applied to fit experimental equilibrium data. Results have showed that the adsorption of MB and MO followed very well the second order kinetic model on raw clay. The adsorption process was found to be exothermic in the case of MB. However, the adsorption of MO was endothermic.

scholarly journals Comparative Study between Zn and Cu Nano Ferrite in Removal of Heavy Metals and Microorganisms from Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Azhar Jabbar Bohan ◽  
Ghaed Khalef Salman ◽  
Ghaidaa Majeed Jaid
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

The effect of Nano composite materials (CuFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4) was studied for removal of heavy metals (Cd (II) and Pb (II)) from wastewater by batch adsorption method and explain their effect on the antimicrobial effectiveness on gram positive and negative bacteria. Nano composite materials were characterized by XRD where the result indicates that the average crystallite sizes were around 36.19 nm for ZnFe2O4 and 12.22 nm for CuFe2O4.The effect of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH and type of adsorbents was used to find the optimum condition for removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions .The equilibrium adsorption data was good fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and the pseudo first-order kinetic model showed the excellent fit in adsorption equilibrium capacity. The best pH used for removal was 7. The good removal reaches at the time 45 min for cadmium and need more time for lead. When increasing dosage of adsorbents, the removal efficiency increases. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm gave the best fit experimental data. Also, antibacterial effects of this nano particles demonstrated the effect of CuFe2O4 NPs on bacteria more than used ZnFe2O4 NPs, and the percentage of bacterial death was increased according to increase the concentration of this materials.

scholarly journals A Biosorption-Pyrolysis Process for Removal of Pb from Aqueous Solution and Subsequent Immobilization of Pb in the Char

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2381
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Jinhong Lü ◽  
Dongqing Feng ◽  
Sen Guo ◽  
Jianfa Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Pretreated Biomass ◽  
Pb Immobilization

The application of biosorption in the removal of heavy metals from water faces a challenge of safe disposal of contaminated biomass. In this study, a potential solution for this problem was proposed by using a biosorption-pyrolysis process featured by pretreatment of biomass with phosphoric acid (PA). The PA pretreatment of biomass increased the removal efficiency of heavy metal Pb from water by sorption, and subsequent pyrolysis helped immobilize Pb in the residual char. The results indicate that most (>95%) of the Pb adsorbed by the PA-pretreated biomass was retained in the char, and that the lower pyrolysis temperature (350 °C) is more favorable for Pb immobilization. In this way, the bioavailable Pb in the char was hardly detected, while the Pb leachable in acidic solution decreased to <3% of total Pb in the char. However, higher pyrolysis temperature (450 °C) is unfavorable for Pb immobilization, as both the leachable and bioavailable Pb increased to >28%. The reason should be related to the formation of elemental Pb and unstable Pb compounds during pyrolysis at 450 °C, according to the X-ray diffraction study.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Porous Hydroxyapatite Granules as an Effective Adsorbent for the Removal of Aqueous Pb(II) Ions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duyen Thi Le ◽  
Thao Phuong Thi Le ◽  
Hai Thi Do ◽  
Hanh Thi Vo ◽  
Nam Thi Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Porous Hydroxyapatite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) granules have been successfully fabricated from a HAp powder precursor and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) additive by a simple sintering process. The composition and microstructures of the HAp were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer. The effects of sintering temperature and PVA/HAp mass ratios on color, water stability, morphology, and chemical composition of HAp are discussed. Optimum conditions for the fabrication of HAp granules were found to be a PVA/HAp mass ratio of 3/20 and a sintering temperature of 600°C for 4 h. Accordingly, the obtained HAp is white in color, is in the granular form with a size of about 2 × 10 mm, and has a specific surface area of 70.6 m2/g. The adsorption of Pb2+ onto the as-prepared HAp granules was carried out in aqueous solution by varying the pH, the adsorbent dose, the initial concentration of Pb2+, and the contact time. The results of adsorption stoichiometry of Pb2+ on the HAp granule adsorbent were fitted to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model (R2 = 0.99). The adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of the HAp granule adsorbent for Pb2+ under optimal conditions were found to be 7.99 mg/g and 95.92%, respectively. The adsorption process obeyed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model with R2∼1. The porous HAp granules studied in this work showed potential for the removal of Pb2+ from industrial wastewater.

Removal of Heavy Metals Cd(II) and Al(III) from Aqueous Solutions by an Eco-Friendly Biosorbent

2019 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour El Houda Larbi ◽  
Djilali Redha Merouani ◽  
Hakim Aguedal ◽  
Abdelkader Iddou ◽  
Amine Khelifa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Water Pollutant ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Models

Heavy metals are very toxic water pollutant. Their presence not only affect human beings but also animals and vegetation because of their mobility in aqueous ecosystem, toxicity and non-biodegradability [1].in the aim of removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions, an eco-friendly biosorbent was prepared from lagoon sludge by a humification process. The biosorption of Cd2+ and Al3+ ions from aqueous solutions was investigated as a function of initial pH,contact time, initial metal ions concentration, and temperature. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to determine the sorption isotherm. Optimum pH for the removal of cadmium and aluminum was found respectively to be around 6 and 4 [2] . The equilibrium was obtained in 60 min with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Langmuir model was a better fit with the experimental data for both cadmium and aluminum adsorption with a regression coefficient up to 0.99 and Qmax of 100 and 142 mg.g-1 respectively for Cd2+and Al3+.

Coordination of Lead (II) and Cadmium (II) Ions to Nylon 6/flax Linum Composite as a Route of Removal of Heavy Metals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
NT Moja ◽  
SB Mishra ◽  
SS Hwang ◽  
TY Tsai ◽  
Ajay Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Thermographic Analysis ◽  
Emission Microscopy

Abstract Nylon 6 (PA6) reinforced Flax Linum composites were synthesized by melt mix extrusion and molded through Mucell\ ® injection technique for adsorption application for removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) metal ions. The structural morphologies of all samples were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmittance emission microscopy (TEM) and Scanning emission microscopy (SEM), indicating crystallized materials with pore-like cells and Thermographic analysis (TGA) illustrated the thermally stable., Microscopic PA6 revealed the effects of Flax content on both cell density and cell size of the foamed samples. The cell size of neat PA6 (48 μm) changed to 36, 17, and 15 μm after incorporation of Flax compositions for 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 wt%. The removal of Cd(II)and Pb(II) with PA6/Flax 1.0 wt% composite was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm model. The results indicated that PA6 1.0 wt% composite can be efficiently used as a superabsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution.

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