Odour nuisance – advantages and disadvantages of a quantitative approach

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Yang ◽  
J. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Standards ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Sources Of Error ◽  
Odour Control ◽  
Quantitative Approaches

The benefits of a quantitative approach to odour nuisance may be thought obvious: much better value for money should be obtained from abatement measures. New works can be appropriately sited and appropriately designed. Thesebenefits are only realised however if the quantitative approach chosen is reliable. The components of possible quantitative approaches, – olfactometry – estimates of emission rates – dispersion models – quality standards, are discussed with the limitations and sources of error in each. When using a quantitative approach it is necessary to distinguish between a poor method in which the levels of error are unknown and a good method for which the levels of error can be defined. A quantitative approach should allow different methods for odour control: septicity control using chemicals, operational modifications to reduce turbulenceand covering and treatment of air, to be evaluated on a common footing.

Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Aplikasi LOCUS GIS dan MAPIT GIS Untuk Pengumpulan Data Pendaftaran Tanah

Tunas Agraria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-144
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mahirda Ariwibowo ◽  
Suharno Suharno ◽  
Wahyuni Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Mix Methods

Abstract: The activity of collecting land registration data is the main stage in the Complete Systematic Land Registration program (PTSL). Nowadays, the acceleration strategy by utilizing information technology such as Locus GIS and Mapit GIS as an android-based application for support land data collection activities has been widely used, both free and paid. Therefore, the factors of effectiveness of the application are important to be considered by the users so that they can be used appropriately and optimally according to user needs. This study aims to explore important matters related to the features owned and their advantages and disadvantages and usability of applications for collecting land registration data. Mix methods were used in this study which combines two approaches, namely qualitative and quantitative approach. The data of this study was collected through interview, observation and questionnaire. The result of this study shows that 1) Application features of Locus GIS and Mapit GIS  can be used for land data collection by considering the advantages and disadvantages of each; 2) The results of evaluating the utility test toward both applications for land data collection in accordance with ISO / IEC 9126-1 and ISO / IEC 9126-4 standards shows that it is equivalent to "Good" in the ratings and "Very Effective" in the categories.Keyword: The Effectiveness, Locus GIS, Mapit GIS, PTSL. Intisari: Pengumpulan data pendaftaran tanah menjadi tahapan utama dalam program Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL). Strategi percepatan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi seperti Locus GIS dan Mapit GIS sebagai aplikasi berbasis android untuk mendukung kegiatan pengumpulan data pertanahan telah banyak digunakan dari yang gratis maupun yang berbayar. Maka dari itu faktor efektivitas aplikasi menjadi penting untuk dipertimbangkan pengguna sehingga bisa dimanfaatkan secara tepat dan optimal sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hal penting terkait fitur yang dimiliki beserta kelebihan dan kekurangannya dan kedayagunaan aplikasi untuk pengumpulan data pendaftaran tanah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan mix methods yang menggabungkan dua bentuk pendekatan, yaitu kualitatif dan kuantitatif melalui wawancara, observasi dan pemberian kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini 1) Fitur Aplikasi Locus GIS dan Mapit GIS dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengumpulan data pertanahan dengan pertimbangan kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing; 2) Hasil evaluasi uji kedayagunaan kedua aplikasi untuk pengumpulan data pertanahan sesuai  standar ISO/IEC 9126-1 dan  ISO/IEC 9126-4 menunjukkan hasil dengan penilaian “Baik” dan kategori “Sangat Efektif”.Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Locus GIS, Mapit GIS, PTSL.

Applicability of sniffing team observations: experience of field measurements

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Van Langenhove ◽  
G. Van Broeck
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Atmospheric Dispersion ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dispersion Parameters ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Odour Perception

Sniffing measurement campaigns are a commonly used technique in Flanders to estimate the impact of an odour emission source. The Department of Organic Chemistry at Ghent University has developed its own sniffing strategy throughout the last ten years. The method uses, in essence, the technique of plotting odour perception areas and calculation of total odour emission rates based on maximum odour perception distance. 566 sniffing measurements, executed from 1990 until 1999 around industrial and agricultural odour sources were collected in a database for statistical analysis. Short-term dispersion modelling was executed using four different models, two of them based on Bultynck-Malet dispersion parameters, and two based on Pasquill dispersion parameters. Results from this analysis demonstrate some causes of variance in calculated emissions and show the fitness of each model. From the results of the sniffing teams, which are expressed as sniffing units (SU) instead of odour units (OU, OUE) to underline the difference in methodological approach, the overall odorous emission can be calculated, using short-term atmospheric dispersion models. In a second step, long-term dispersion models can be used to calculate isopercentile contour plots. According to our experience the short-term atmospheric model is a source of “noise” in the method since calculated standard deviations on calculated emissions are larger than standard deviations in the observed maximum distance for odour perception. This will be illustrated by presenting results from the evaluation of composting plants and animal farm houses.

L’impact De La Formation, Selon Les Normes Qualite, Sur L’implication Du Personnel Sous Contrats Flexibles : Resultats D’une Etude Empirique

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
M. Mohamed Amine Mbarki ◽  
M. Jaouad Rharzouz ◽  
M. Omar Boubker
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Emotional Involvement

This paper introduces the raising interests of certified automotive companies of Tangier-Tétouan region on quantitative flexibilization strategies, via atypical contracts. Therefore, the involvement paradox remains significant through contracts’ flexibility. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the training practices impact according to quality standards on stuff involvement under integration contract. On the methodological standpoint, we have combined between an exploratory qualitative approach and a confirmatory quantitative approach, on the basis of a sample of 170 operators under integration contracts in Moroccan automotive industry. The results show that employees ‘training influences positively on their level of emotional involvement.

Comparison of AERMOD and WindTrax dispersion models in determining PM10 emission rates from a beef cattle feedlot

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry F. Bonifacio ◽  
Ronaldo G. Maghirang ◽  
Edna B. Razote ◽  
Steven L. Trabue ◽  
John H. Prueger
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Pm10 Emission ◽  
Cattle Feedlot

Integrated odour modelling for sewage treatment works

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gostelow ◽  
S.A. Parsons ◽  
M. Lovell
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Odour Source ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Flow Quality ◽  
Odour Annoyance ◽  
Further Development

Odours from sewage treatment works are a significant source of environmental annoyance. There is a need for tools to assess the degree of annoyance caused, and to assess strategies for mitigation of the problem. This is the role of odour modelling. Four main stages are important in the development of an odour problem. Firstly, the odorous molecules must be formed in the liquid phase. They must then transfer from the liquid to the gaseous phase. They are then transported through the atmosphere to the population surrounding the odour source, and are then perceived and assessed by that population. Odour modelling as currently practised tends to concentrate on the transportation of odorants through the atmosphere, with the other areas receiving less attention. Instead, odour modelling should consider each stage in an integrated manner. This paper describes the development of integrated odour models for annoyance prediction. The models describe the liquid-phase transformations and emission of hydrogen sulphide from sewage treatment processes. Model output is in a form suitable for integration with dispersion models, the predictions of which can in turn be used to indicate the probability of annoyance. The models have been applied to both hypothetical and real sewage treatment works cases. Simulation results have highlighted the potential variability of emission rates from sewage treatment works, resulting from flow, quality and meteorological variations. Emission rate variations can have significant effects on annoyance predictions, which is an important finding, as they are usually considered to be fixed and only meteorological variations are considered in predicting the odour footprint. Areas for further development of integrated odour modelling are discussed, in particular the search for improved links between analytical and sensory measurements, and a better understanding of dose/response relationships for odour annoyance.

Low Budget Experimental Setup for Harmonic Detection and Correction

2017 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Ralf Böhm ◽  
Martin Paulsburg ◽  
Tim Hamann ◽  
Jörg Franke
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Band Pass Filter ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Network Operation ◽  
Automated Processing

Adherance of power quality standards is crucial for electricity network operation and bothindustrial and private customers. However, the transition to electricity supply based on renewable, de-centralized plants which feed in using inverters is accompanied by challenges regarding compliancewith power quality standards. Accordingly, detection and automated processing of relevant variablesof power quality is of increased importance. Digital signal processing offers various approaches of sig-nal evaluation each having individual advantages and disadvantages regarding different power qualityvariables. As a result of incresing decentralized feed in of regenerative plats using inverters, the si-nusoidal fundamental of the power system is distorted and harmonics occur. For elimination of thoseunwanted signal components, a variety of methods is available. Supple- menting current research ac-tivites a laboratory model of an active filter using low budget prototyping hardware is developed andevaluated. Therefore, an experimental circuit containing a band pass filter for signal adjustment aswell as a PWM with amplification circuit for signal correction have been elaborated. Necessary cal-culations are performed by a standard Atmel microprocessor as used by Arduino Uno, including an8-bit analog to digital converter (ADC).

Introduction to Social Research Methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 824-827
Author(s):  
Xiao Tong Zhao ◽  
Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Analyze Data

Social research is a collection of methods people use systematically to produce knowledge. This paper introduces two main approaches to collect and analyze data. They are quantitative approach and qualitative approach. The advantages and disadvantages of different approaches are also explained in this paper.

scholarly journals Analisis Pelayanan Publik Bidang Transportasi untuk Difabel di Kota Semarang

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-394
Author(s):  
Chusna Adzanin Therawati ◽  
Rusdarti Rusdarti
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Public ◽  
External Constraints ◽  
The Disabled

This research is conducted with the aim to find out the quality standards of Trans Semarang which are diffable friendly. This research uses quantitative approach. The samples are the blind and the disabled who had used Trans Semarang in the amount of 5 people. The variables of this study are Trans Semarang facilities and the internal and the external constraints. The Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation methods. This study uses percentage descriptive data analysis. The results of the study show that the Trans Semarang facility is still not difabel friendly and still cannot be utilized optimally. The Trans Semarang facility is still not diffable friendly because there are still many shelters that are not suitable, such as not having a ramp, no handles, slippery, steep, the existence of trees / poles barrier and damaged. There are still around 178 pieces or around 60.9% of shelters that are not diffable friendly. The recommendations of this research are improving the shelter to be diffable friendly, completing the access for all types of diffables, increasing the competency of officers and the awareness of the public about the existence of the Trans Semarang shelter Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui standar kualitas Trans Semarang yang ramah difabel. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuatitatif. Sampel yang dipakai adalah tuna netra dan tuna daksa yang pernah  menggunakan Trans Semarang yaitu sebanyak 5 orang. Variabel penelitian ini adalah fasilitas Trans Semarang dan kendala internal serta eksternal. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria-kriteria yang ditentukan oleh peneliti. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas Trans Semarang masih belum ramah difabel dan masih belum bisa dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Fasilitas Trans Semarang masih belum ramah difabel karena masih banyak shelter yang belum sesuai diantaranya belum memiliki ramp, belum ada pegangan, licin, curam, terdapat pohon/tiang penghalang, dan rusak. Masih ada sekitar 178 buah atau sekitar 60.9% shelter yang masih belum ramah difabel.  Rekomendasi untuk penelitian ini adalah adanya perbaikan shelter agar ramah difabel, melengkapi akses untuk semua jenis difabel, kompetensi petugas lebih ditingkatkan serta kesadaran masyarakat tentang adanya shelter Trans Semarang.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Measures for the Control of Classical Swine Fever Using a Simulation Model

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karsten ◽  
G. Rave ◽  
J. Teuffert ◽  
J. Krieter
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Council Directive

Abstract. A stochastic and temporal simulation model has been developed to simulate the spread of classical swine fever among herds within a certain area due to farm contacts and local spread. Due to spatial as well as on-farm level heterogeneities in pig production the model allows for the importing of individual farm data. The control measures movement restrictions within protection and surveillance zones, pre-emptive slaughter in proximity to detected farms and animal contact tracing with subsequent culling, applied additionally to stamping-out infected farms, were compared in relation to their effect on the size and the duration of possible epidemics. Additionally, the effects of varying efficiency in contact tracing were analysed. An area with 2986 pig farms and a density of 1.34 farms per km² was generated stochastically for the analysis. When stamping-out infected herds was applied as a single measure, 532 farms became infected on average. The additional application of restriction zones led to a mean epidemic size of 8 infected farms. When all control measures were applied, 5 outbreaks occurred on average. However, the high number of herds depopulated in total curtailed the relative priority of this control strategy. Thus, the presented results point out the necessity to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages in the determination of the optimal control strategy. The simulation model is shown to be a good method to assess the possible consequences of different control measures. The control measures laid down in the EU Council Directive 2001/89/EC (stamping-out infected herds, contact tracing and implementation of restriction zones) seemed to be sufficient for the eradication of classical swine fever epidemics in a region of such farm density. A further reduction in the mean number of outbreaks could be observed when tracing efficiency increased and animal contacts were traced more quickly.

scholarly journals Identifying hydric, electrolytic and acid-base imbalances through traditional and quantitative approaches in dogs with hemorrhagic gastroenteritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
A.L. Hasuda ◽  
K.K.M.C. Flaiban ◽  
J.A.N. Lisbôa ◽  
L.A. Gomes ◽  
I.G. Polizelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Plasma Protein Concentration ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Quantitative Approaches

ABSTRACT Vomiting and diarrhea are two important clinical signs that can cause significant electrolytic and acid-base imbalances. The purposes of this study were to characterize hydric, electrolytic and acid-base disorders presented by puppies with hemorrhagic gastroenteritis and to compare the traditional and quantitative approaches to acid-base status interpretation. Sixty-one animals with a history of vomiting and/or diarrhea were used in this study and the following tests were performed: complete blood count, total plasma protein concentration and hemogasometry. Mean, standard deviation and Kappa values were calculated. The imbalances characterized by both approaches were: 42 (69%) animals without imbalance, 17 (28%) with metabolic alkalosis and 2 (3%) with metabolic acidosis by the traditional approach and 17 (28%) dogs without imbalance, 26 (43%) with metabolic alkalosis and 18 (29%) with metabolic acidosis by the quantitative approach. The agreement calculated between two approaches coincide in 28 cases, with a moderate Kappa value equivalent to 0.459. The most found imbalances were metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia, and mild dehydration. Most of acid-base disturbances were not identified by the traditional approach, whereas by the quantitative approach, they were easily determined. Thus quantitative approach proved to be superior in identification of possible acid-base imbalances.

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