Climatic change and the effect on hydrology and water management in the Rhine basin

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Krahe ◽  
H. Buiteveld ◽  
L. Pfister ◽  
Ch. Ritz ◽  
E. Sprokkereef
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Actual State ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
Rhine Basin ◽  
Hydrological Extremes ◽  
International River

There has been a marked increase in recent years in the resources dedicated to investigating the problems arising from climate change with respect to hydrology and to some extent to water resource management. Many of these studies are concentrated on the river Rhine basin. In order to review the actual state of scientific findings a workshop, organised by the International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine (CHR), was held on 24 and 25 June 2003. The invited experts discussed the following topics: observed variability in climatic and hydrological data, the development and interpretation of climate scenarios, and assessment of changes in the discharge regimes and the occurrence of hydrological extremes. Based on the workshop the question of whether or not current knowledge and procedural strategies can be used as a basis for future water management was evaluated by an expert group of the CHR. In this paper the process of decision-making with regard to flood management is analysed. Hints are given to convince the decision-makers to take into account the impacts of climate change in water resources management. The special challenges arising in international river basins are discussed.

scholarly journals Modelling of Extreme Hydrological Events on a Tisza River Basin Pilot Area, Hungary

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Dávid Béla Vizi ◽  
János Fehér ◽  
Attila Lovas ◽  
Sándor Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Hydrological Extremes ◽  
Additional Task ◽  
Extreme Hydrological Events ◽  
Tisza River ◽  
Proper Operation

Abstract Climate change takes more and more challenges to the water management. Future predictions show that the possibility of extreme floods and drought events are increasing, thus an additional task of the water management can be the fulfilment of the increasing water demands. These new extreme hydrological situations need to be properly handled in water management. The paper presents the first modelling results of the JOINTISZA project carried out on a selected sub-basin of the Tisza River, which is endangered by hydrological extremes. Our aim was to demonstrate the applicability of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model to study the effects of the climate change. Future hydrological trends were introduced in the river basin and it was assessed how the results of climate models can be used for further hydrodynamic modelling. To address challenges of climate change and supply the stakeholders with an adequate amount of water, proper operation of the reservoir and the irrigation canals are needed. The use of hydrological modelling can be helpful to adequately distribute water resources.

Hydrology across disciplines: the experience of a Public Hydrological Service in Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Ricciardi ◽  
Alessandro Allodi ◽  
Fabio Bordini ◽  
Monica Branchi ◽  
Francesco Cogliandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Solid Transport

<p>Water is very important for human consumption, production and services and also for inspiration, recreation, landscapes, ecosystems and wild life. UN and EU policies highlights the interaction of historical scientific, economic, societal and environmental factors and the linkage of water policies with biodiversity protection and Climate Change adaptation.  According to the European Green Deal (2019), for a fair and prosperous society, with a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy working across sectors and disciplines, will be needed, also involving local communities. Moreover Political and management processes may take benefits from specific participatory Tools.</p><p>The Emilia-Romagna Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy (Arpae) helps sustainability developing  actions for water protection, water use, flood management and education to sustainability.  </p><p>Arpae Hydrological Service (HS) supports flood management and water management, as also design and management of hydraulic structures, through the Flood Early Warning System FEWS and  the Drought Early Warning System DEWS. Arpae HS also collect and publish hydrological time series (water, solid transport) and stage-discharge equations.</p><p>Within FP7 Enhance (2017) multi risk analysis and Public Private Partnership (PPPs) experiences were supported by  modeling tools combining flood /earthquake/Climate Change scenarios in a densely populated, highly developed land reclamation territory. An Application of the System for Economic and Environmental Accounting for Water (UN SEEA -Water) was developed in 2017. Within Interreg Proline-CE (2019), the FEWS and DEWS Systems, respectively supporting the Flood Forecasting Center and the Observatory on Water Uses, were proposed as Best Management Practices (BMPs) for land and water management useful for drinking water protection. BMPs where tested through workshops, questionnaires,  meetings and technical visits, useful for dissemination and  stakeholders involvement. H2020 Clara was useful to experience co-design/co-development approaches, to explore market segments and business models for water knowledge and climate services, and to set dedicated Policy Briefs for Water and Climate Change Adaptation; Arpae HS developed a set of modeling services  (Clara PWA) related to water management, solid transport, water quality and habitat availability, useful to understand the  influenced of climate change and the needs and proposal coming from market and  the institutions. Interreg boDEREC-CE is a current project on pharmaceutical and personal care pollutants (PPCPs), aimed at developing tools and strategies for protection of drinking water, water ecosystems and public health from pollution, bacterial resistance, toxicity and pathogens.</p><p>Arpae HS through these experiences has gained awareness of the inter linkage of hydrology with other sectors (economy, Earth sciences, ICT, health, ecology, society) and of the importance of developing specific decision support tools maximizing stakeholder participation, societal dissemination, transparency, education to sustainability and experts involvement.</p>

Water Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 387-400
Author(s):  
Rajan Janardhanan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World

The world faces an unprecedented crisis in water resources management, with profound implications for global food security, protection of human health, and maintenance of all ecosystems on Earth. Large uncertainties still plague quantitative assessments of climate change impacts and water resource management, but what is known for certain is that the climate is changing and that it will have an effect on water resources. Therefore, increased efforts will be needed to plan and manage water supplies in the future through increased monitoring and understanding of the interrelationships between population size, climate change, and water availability. The focus of water management is gradually shifting from developing new water sources to using existing water sources more effectively and efficiently. The world needs policy change in water management. Respect for water resources and their value is the starting point of deliberations. Governments have the essential water management function: to protect and allocate water resources to allow both individual and collective interests to benefit from water. Societies must also lead in understanding, provisioning for mitigating the impact of disasters, ranging from extreme droughts to unprecedented floods, caused by climate change and poor management of water and land. Public funds will likely remain the main source of water sectoral funding. It is up to governments to invest wisely to enhance the crucial role that water has for social and economic development in a country. Integrated water resource management strategy is accepted as a global model for achieving the objective of a sustainable water management system.

scholarly journals Management of Water Resources in Agriculture in Chile and its Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-185
Author(s):  
Guillermo Donoso ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Management ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Key Aspects

Water is a strategic resource for agricultural development, particularly in the arid and semiarid regions of central and northern Chile. Currently, irrigated surfaces contribute between 60 and 65% of the country’s agricultural GDP. Associated with Chile’s economic growth, total consumptive water use has increased, which, together with population growth, urbanization, water contamination and pollution, has led to important water stress situations that are triggering a greater number of conflicts and social, economic, and environmental vulnerability. The above phenomena will be exacerbated by climate change. At present, surface water deficit covering irrigation demands exists in the central and northern regions. This deficit is projected to increase as a result of climate change, which would increase the challenges for satisfying agricultural water requirements. The objective of this article is to integrally review the key aspects of Chilean water and agricultural water management policies, considering their interphases, providing the reader with a general overview of the main features of this model, an evaluation of its effectiveness and the main challenges agricultural water management faces. Resolving the challenges of the future requires a thorough reconsideration of water management policies and institutions and how water is managed in the agricultural sector in the broader context of overall water resource management in Chile.

scholarly journals Climate-Smart Agro-Hydrological Model for a Large Scale Rice Irrigation Scheme in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3906
Author(s):  
Habibu Ismail ◽  
Md Rowshon Kamal ◽  
Ahmad Fikri bin Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Syazwan Faisal bin Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Irrigation Scheme ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Rice Irrigation

Agro-hydrological water management frameworks help to integrate expected planned management and expedite regulation of water allocation for agricultural production. Low production is not only due to the variability of available water during crop growing seasons, but also poor water management decisions. The Tanjung Karang Rice Irrigation Scheme in Malaysia has yet to model agro-hydrological systems for effective water distribution under climate change impacts. A climate-smart agro-hydrological model was developed using Excel-based Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) for adaptive irrigation and wise water resource management towards water security under new climate change realities. Daily climate variables for baseline (1976–2005) and future (2010–2099) periods were extracted from 10 global climate models (GCMs) under three Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5). The projected available water for supply to the scheme would noticeably decrease during the dry season. The water demand in the scheme will differ greatly during the months in future dry seasons, and the increase in effective rainfall during the wet season will compensate for the high dry season water demand. No irrigation will therefore be needed in the months of May and June. In order to improve water distribution, simulated flows from the model could be incorporated with appropriate cropping patterns.

scholarly journals Future flood risk estimates along the river Rhine

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. te Linde ◽  
P. Bubeck ◽  
J. E. C. Dekkers ◽  
H. de Moel ◽  
J. C. J. H. Aerts
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Value At Risk ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
Rhine Basin ◽  
Potential Damage

Abstract. In Europe, water management is moving from flood defence to a risk management approach, which takes both the probability and the potential consequences of flooding into account. It is expected that climate change and socio-economic development will lead to an increase in flood risk in the Rhine basin. To optimize spatial planning and flood management measures, studies are needed that quantify future flood risks and estimate their uncertainties. In this paper, we estimated the current and future fluvial flood risk in 2030 for the entire Rhine basin in a scenario study. The change in value at risk is based on two land-use projections derived from a land-use model representing two different socio-economic scenarios. Potential damage was calculated by a damage model, and changes in flood probabilities were derived from two climate scenarios and hydrological modeling. We aggregated the results into seven sections along the Rhine. It was found that the annual expected damage in the Rhine basin may increase by between 54% and 230%, of which the major part (~ three-quarters) can be accounted for by climate change. The highest current potential damage can be found in the Netherlands (110 billion €), compared with the second (80 billion €) and third (62 billion €) highest values in two areas in Germany. Results further show that the area with the highest fluvial flood risk is located in the Lower Rhine in Nordrhein-Westfalen in Germany, and not in the Netherlands, as is often perceived. This is mainly due to the higher flood protection standards in the Netherlands as compared to Germany.

scholarly journals Urban Flood Management through Urban Land Use Optimization Using LID Techniques, City of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1721
Author(s):  
Mengistu A. Jemberie ◽  
Assefa M. Melesse
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Land Use Optimization ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Flood Magnitude

In recent years, many urban areas in Ethiopia have experienced frequent flood events as a result of climate change and urban sprawl. Unplanned and unsustainable poor urban storm water management strategies will aggravate the impact and frequency of flood occurrence. In this study, impacts of urbanization and climate change on generated flood magnitude are analyzed using the urban hydrological model of Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and Low Impact Development (LID) sustainable land use optimization techniques. Three rainfall distribution patterns (TS1, TS2 and TS3) in combination with rainfall duration periods of 10, 30 and 60 min and a pessimistic climate change scenario of RCP 4.5 compared to RCP 8.5 are used for the analysis purpose for selected infiltration and storage LID techniques (Bio-Retention Cell, Infiltration Trench and Rain Barrel). The study results showed that combined LID techniques have a significant impact on urban flood reduction of up to 75%. This significant amount of flood reduction is greater than the amount of excess flood magnitude which occurred as a result of climate change using the most pessimistic climate change scenario. The study results also confirmed that rainfall patterns have a significant impact on peak discharge for shorter rainfall durations. This study highly recommends using cost effective, easy and environmental adaptive and sustainable LID techniques for urban flood management in addition to existing drainage structures.

scholarly journals Alterações Climáticas e Gestão da Água em Portugal (Climate Change and Water Management in Portugal)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Myriam Lopes ◽  
Ana Cristina Monteiro ◽  
Isabel Ribeiro ◽  
Elisa Sá ◽  
Helena Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Compensation Systems

As alterações climáticas (AC) constituem actualmente uma das maiores ameaças ambientais globais, com repercussões sociais e económicas para todo o planeta e humanidade. Os recursos hídricos, nomeadamente nas componentes de gestão da procura, do fornecimento e riscos infra-estruturais, são uma das áreas mais vulneráveis às AC. Este trabalho pretende ser um contributo para a gestão dos recursos hídricos em Portugal integrando a gestão do risco associado aos impactes das AC. Neste sentido, o trabalho inclui: i) a análise da variabilidade climática e da detecção das AC em Portugal; ii) a identificação do impacte de futuros cenários climáticos nos recursos hídricos e a identificação das maiores ameaças e fatores de risco; iii) a análise das estratégias de adaptação e sistemas de compensação existentes; iv) e a identificação de medidas adicionais a implementar em Portugal de modo a reduzir os riscos das AC na gestão da água. Palavras-chave: Alterações Climáticas, Recursos Hídricos, Risco, Gestão da água, Adaptação  Climate Change and Water Management in Portugal ABSTRACT Presently climate change (CC) is one of the greatest global environmental threats, with social and economic repercussions for the entire planet and humanity. Due to their vulnerability to CC, water resources are of major concern, particularly in the components of demand management, supply and infrastructure risks. This work intends to be a contribution for water resource management in Portugal, integrating risk management and climate change impacts. In this sense, this work includes: i) an analysis of climatic variability and climate change in Portugal; ii) an identification of the impacts of climate change scenarios in water resources and an identification of the major pressures and risk factors; iii) an analysis of the adaptation strategies and existing compensation systems; iv) and an identification of the additional measures to be implemented in Portugal, in order to reduce climate change impacts in water resources. Keywords: Climate change, water resources, risk, water management, adaptation

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