scholarly journals Bioremediation of Ni, Al and Pb by the living cells of a resistant strain of microalga

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 851-860
Author(s):  
Nourhane Ahmad ◽  
Jihane Rahbani Mounsef ◽  
Joyce Abou Tayeh ◽  
Roger Lteif
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Removal Capacity

Abstract The microalgae treatment system is an economically and environmentally friendly option for wastewater treatment. However, the effects of heavy metal toxicity on microalgae cells can limit the use of microalgae in the treatment of industrial effluents rich in heavy metals. In this work, we studied the effect of Ni, Cu, Al, Hg and Pb, added as single-metal solutions to the microalgae culture medium, on the growth of 20 indigenous strains belonging to a wide variety of microalgae genera. Ni and Cu were the most toxic to the strains tested. A highly tolerant strain of the Phacus genera was selected. We determined the effect of multiple combinations of Ni, Al and Pb on the cell growth of the selected strain and on the removal capacity of each metal from the microalgae culture medium. Phacus was able to grow in the multi-metal solution (Ni, 5.00 mg/L; Al, 9.94 mg/L and Pb 1.00 mg/L) and to efficiently remove the metals, with removal capacities of 8.82 ±0.16 mg/g for Ni, 2.09 ± 0.05 mg/g for Pb and 16.90 ± 0.53 mg/g for Al. The reductions of Ni, Al and Pb concentrations were 66.67, 64.28 and 79.17% respectively.

scholarly journals The Assessment of Using the Sewage Sludge in Agriculture in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-703
Author(s):  
Carmelia Mariana Dragomir Balanica ◽  
Aurel Gabriel Simionescu ◽  
Iulian Gabriel Birsan ◽  
Cezar Ionut Bichescu ◽  
Cristian Muntenita
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Usage Analysis ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

Sewage sludge resulted from urban wastewater treatment plants is generally accepted as a valuable source of nutrient and soil conditioner for agricultural usage. Analysis of amount of heavy metals in sewage sludge is essential previous to utilization of the sludge to agriculture considering the inevitable risk of heavy metal toxicity to soil, vegetation and humans. The present paper aims to analyse the characteristics of the sewage sludge resulted in an urban area for 5 years. Sewage sludge generated from five wastewater treatment plants in the South and South Est part of Romania were analysed.

scholarly journals WASTEWATER TREATMENT FROM HEAVY METAL IONS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Zhukova ◽  
A. Kryuchkov ◽  
S. Zaichenko ◽  
V. Smoliar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Activating Additives

The article considers the problem of wastewater treatment of industrial enterprises containing heavy metal ions. Because of insufficient treatment of wastewater from heavy metal ions, they enter ecological systems, accumulate in them and cause toxic effects on phyto and zoocenosis, even in small concentrations, which in turn leads to imbalance of ecosystems and their degradation. Therefore, the treatment of industrial effluents is becoming increasingly important over time. The application of existing methods and sorbents for purification of industrial effluents from heavy metal ions is considered and analyzed.However, existing combined wastewater treatment methods and sorbents have little effectiveness against heavy metals. The paper proposes the use of clay- based sorbents. The purpose of research is to substantiate the feasibility of using sorbents based on clays of deposits in Ukraine for wastewater treatment of industrial enterprises from heavy metal ions. Clays of domestic deposits are not scarce, inexpensive in comparison with existing sorbents. Samples of sorbents based on clay were studied, their composition was developed and analyzed.A method for obtaining clay-based sorbents has been developed. Materials such as peat, wood ash and dolomite were used as activating additives. The composition and structure of the developed sorbents, as well as their sorption capacity and ability to heavy metals have been studied. These sorbents have been shown to be an effective material for cleaning industrial effluents from heavy metal ions and can be recommended for use.

Inhibition of methanogenesis in pure cultures by ammonia, fatty acids, and heavy metals, and protection against heavy metal toxicity by sewage sludge

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken F. Jarrell ◽  
Michelle Saulnier ◽  
Art Ley
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Heavy Metal Toxicity ◽  
Methanosarcina Barkeri ◽  
Methanospirillum Hungatei ◽  
Nickel Zinc ◽  
Pure Cultures

The effect of ammonium chloride, sodium butyrate, sodium propionate, and the heavy metals nickel, zinc, and copper on methanogenesis by pure cultures of Methanospirillum hungatei, Methanosarcina barkeri, Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, and Methanobacterium formicicum at pH 6.5 was studied. The latter three strains were resistant to > 60 g/L of the volatile fatty acids and to > 10 g/L of NH3 N. Methanospirillum hungatei was somewhat more sensitive with 50% inhibition of methanogenesis occurring at 4.2 g/L NH3 N, 27 g/L butyrate, and 41 g/L propionate. All strains were very sensitive to both copper (1–5 mg/L) and zinc (1–10 mg/L), but much more resistant to nickel. Zinc and copper concentrations 30 to 270 times higher were required to cause inhibition of Msp. hungatei incubated in sewage sludge compared with buffer, indicating a strong protective environment was afforded the methanogens against heavy metal toxicity in the sludge.

scholarly journals Advances in Synthesis and Applications of Microalgal Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Agarwal ◽  
Ritika Gupta ◽  
Neeraj Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Rapid Industrialization

Rapid industrialization, economic development, and population overgrowth are the major reasons responsible for the release of organic and inorganic substances into the environment, further leading to environmental pollution and contamination of water. Nowadays, it is truism that wastewater treatment has raised concern worldwide and is the need of the hour. Therefore, it is necessary to conserve sustainable energy and adopt advanced wastewater treatment technologies. Microalgae culture is gaining tremendous attention as it provides a combined benefit of treating wastewater as a growth medium and algae biomass production which can be used for several livestock purposes. Microalgae are ubiquitous and extremely diverse microorganisms which can accumulate toxic contaminants and heavy metals from wastewater, making them superior contender to become a powerful nanofactory. Furthermore, they are versatile, relatively convenient, and easy to handle, along with various other advantages such as synthesis can be performed at low temperature with greater energy efficiency, less toxicity, and low risk to the environment. Comparing with other organisms such as fungi, yeast, and bacteria, microalgae are equally important organisms in the synthesis of nanoparticles; therefore, the study of algae-mediated biosynthesis of nanometals can be taken towards a newer branch and it has been termed as phytonanotechnology. Here, an overview of recent advances in wastewater treatment processes through an amalgamation of nanoparticles and microalgae is provided.

scholarly journals A Review on in vitro and in vivo Bioremediation Potential of Environmental and Probiotic Species of Bacillus and other Probiotic Microorganisms for Two Heavy Metals, Cadmium and Nickel

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Goyal ◽  
Pranoti Belapurkar ◽  
Anand Kar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
Heavy Metal Remediation ◽  
Remediation Strategies

Microbial assisted remediation is the ray of hope in the current scenario of tremendous heavy metal pollution. The indiscriminate release of heavy metal laden industrial effluents in the water bodies and soil is now manifesting itself in the form of life threatening health hazards to humans. The conventional heavy metal remediation strategies are not only expensive but are ineffective in low metal concentrations. Microbial assisted remediation of heavy metals has come forward as the cheap and easy alternative. Amongst the various bacterial genera actively involved in bioremediation of cadmium and nickel in the environment, genus Bacillus has shown remarkable ability in this respect owing to its various biochemical and genetic pathways. It can perform bioremediation using multiple mechanisms including biosorption and bioaccumulation. This genus has also been able to reduce toxicity caused by cadmium and nickel in eukaryotic cell lines and in mice, a property also found in probiotic genera like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. This paper reviews the role of environmentally present and known probiotic species of genus Bacillus along with different probiotic genera for their various mechanisms involved for remediation of cadmium and nickel.

scholarly journals Temporal variability of sewage sludge heavy metal content from Greek wastewater treatment plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Spanos ◽  
Antoaneta Ene ◽  
Chrysoula Styliani Patronidou ◽  
Christina Xatzixristou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chromium Species ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Metal Contents

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the temporal variations of selected heavy metals level in anaerobic fermented and dewatered sewage sludge. Sewage sludge samples were collected in different seasons and years from three municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in Northern Greece, in Kavala (Kavala and Palio localities) and Drama (Drama locality) Prefectures. An investigation of the potential of sludge utilization in agriculture was performed, based on the comparison of average total heavy metal concentrations and of chromium species (hexavalent, trivalent) concentrations with the allowed values according to the Council Directive 86/278/EEC and Greek national legislation (Joint Cabinet Decision 80568/4225/91) guidelines. In this regard, all the investigated heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg) and chromium species Cr(VI) and Cr(III) have average concentrations (dry matter weight) well below the legislated thresholds for soil application, as following: 2.12 mg kg−1Cd; 103.7 mg kg−1Cr; 136.4 mg kg−1Cu; < 0.2 mg kg−1Hg; 29.1 mg kg−1Ni; 62.0 mg kg−1Pb; 1253.2 mg kg−1Zn; 1.56 mg kg−1Cr(VI) and 115.7 mg kg−1Cr(III). Values of relative standard deviation (RSD) indicate a low or moderate temporal variability for domestic-related metals Zn (10.3-14.7%), Pb (27.9-44.5%) and Cu (33.5-34.2%), and high variability for the metals of mixed origin or predominantly resulted from commercial activities, such as Ni (42.4-50.7%), Cd (44.3-85.5%) and Cr (58.2-102.0%). For some elements the seasonal occurrence pattern is the same for Kavala and Palio sludge, as following: a) Cd and Cr: spring>summer>winter; b) Cu, Ni and Pb: winter>spring>summer. On average, in summer months (dry season) metal concentrations are lower than in spring and winter (wet seasons), with the exception of Zn. For Kavala and Palio the results demonstrate that the increased number of inhabitants (almost doubled) in summer time due to tourism does not influence the metal levels in sludge. Comparing the results obtained for similar spring-summer-winter sequences in 2007 and 2010/11 and for the spring season in 2007, 2008 and 2010, it can be noticed that, in general, the average heavy metal contents show an increasing tendency towards the last year. In all the measurement periods, the Palio sludge had the highest metal contents and Kavala sludge the lowest, leading to the conclusion that the WWTP operating process rather than population has a significant effect upon the heavy metal content of sludge. Cr(VI)/Cr(total) concentration ratios are higher for Kavala sludge in the majority of sampling campaigns, followed by Drama and Palio sludge. The metals which present moderate to strong positive correlation have common origin, which could be a domestic-commercial mixed source.

Tolerance of Microorganisms to Heavy Metals

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Joan Mwihaki Nyika
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioremediation Processes

Heavy metal pollution is a growing environmental concern due to the increase in anthropogenic-based sources. Microorganisms have high adsorptive capacities and surface-area-to-volume ratio that enable the uptake of these contaminants and their conversion to innocuous complexes in the process of bioremediation. This chapter explores the mechanisms and specific microorganisms that are resistant to metal toxicity. A wide range of bacterial, algae, and fungal species used as biosorbents are highlighted. Mechanisms such as reduction of metal cations, their sequestration, and binding on cell barriers are discussed. To optimise the efficacy of microorganisms in bioremediation processes, adoption of genetic and nano-technologies is recommended.

scholarly journals Bioremoval of Different Heavy Metals by the Resistant Fungal StrainAspergillus niger

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Acosta-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan F. Cárdenas-González ◽  
Adriana S. Rodríguez Pérez ◽  
Juana Tovar Oviedo ◽  
Víctor M. Martínez-Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
The Ideal

The objective of this work was to study the resistance and removal capacity of heavy metals by the fungusAspergillus niger. We analyzed the resistance to some heavy metals by dry weight and plate: the fungus grew in 2000 ppm of zinc, lead, and mercury, 1200 and 1000 ppm of arsenic (III) and (VI), 800 ppm of fluor and cobalt, and least in cadmium (400 ppm). With respect to their potential of removal of heavy metals, this removal was achieved for zinc (100%), mercury (83.2%), fluor (83%), cobalt (71.4%), fairly silver (48%), and copper (37%). The ideal conditions for the removal of 100 mg/L of the heavy metals were 28°C, pH between 4.0 and 5.5, 100 ppm of heavy metal, and 1 g of fungal biomass.

scholarly journals Heavy metal removal from wastewater using various adsorbents: a review

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu ◽  
Madhu Agarwal ◽  
K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Heavy metals are discharged into water from various industries. They can be toxic or carcinogenic in nature and can cause severe problems for humans and aquatic ecosystems. Thus, the removal of heavy metals from wastewater is a serious problem. The adsorption process is widely used for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater because of its low cost, availability and eco-friendly nature. Both commercial adsorbents and bioadsorbents are used for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater, with high removal capacity. This review article aims to compile scattered information on the different adsorbents that are used for heavy metal removal and to provide information on the commercially available and natural bioadsorbents used for removal of chromium, cadmium and copper, in particular.

Detection of heavy metal toxicity and genotoxicity in wastewaters by microbial assay

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Codina ◽  
A. Pérez-García ◽  
A. de Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Microbial Assay ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The effect of wastewater on the sensitivity of toxicity and genotoxicity assays for the detection of heavy metals was evaluated. Five microbiological toxicity tests were used to compare the toxicity of cadmium, copper, chromium, mercury, nickel, and zinc, both in deionized water solutions and in wastewater. The toxicity assays employed were: Microtox®, two tests of growth inhibition using Pseudomonas fluorescens, and two spectrophotometric assays of the inhibition of respiration test using baker's yeast and P. fluorescens. Also, the genotoxic effect of the assayed metals was evaluated by using the Ames test, the Escherichia coli WP2 test, and the SOS test. The sensitivity to metals decreases in most of the toxicity and genotoxicity assays; in general, higher sensitivity thresholds (EC20) in wastewater than in water solutions were determined. Each test shows different sensitivities to each metal, which is related to different sensitivities of the organisms used in the assays, as well as to other factors.

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