Relationships between abiotic and biotic variables in a maturation pond and their influence on E. coli removal

Abstract The effects of depth and climate seasonality on zooplankton, algal biomass, coliforms and Escherichia coli in a small full-scale shallow maturation pond receiving pre-treated domestic wastewater were evaluated during a tropical climatic seasonal cycle. The experiment revealed that the zooplankton community was dominated by rotifers and protozoans, and concentrations were influenced by seasonality. A negative correlation between zooplankton, and pH, Dissolved Oxygen, temperature and ultraviolet radiation, and Chlorophyll-a and Escherichia coli were observed at all depths. The major driving forces influencing Escherichia coli were pH, Dissolved Oxygen, ultraviolet radiation and the zooplankton. A significant difference between Escherichia coli removal throughout the three different depths were observed. Both bacterial and zooplankton concentrations were greater closer to the bottom of the pond, therefore reinforcing the integral role of solar radiation on bacterial removal. These results give an insight on the dynamics of these groups in pond systems treating domestic wastewater, by correlating the variation of zooplankton with biotic and abiotic variables and seasonal changes in a tropical climate, where few studies have been performed on this topic.

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Occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in sewage treatment plants of South India

Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development ◽

10.2166/washdev.2020.051 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 48-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yerabham Praveenkumarreddy ◽

Masato Akiba ◽

Keerthi Siri Guruge ◽

Keshava Balakrishna ◽

Kalwaje Eshwara Vandana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

South India ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Global Network ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Sewage Treatment Plants ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Antibiotics received by sewage treatment plants may be the causative factor in spreading antibiotic resistance bacteria in the aquatic environment. The current study investigates the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in four sewage treatment plants (STPs) in South India receiving hospital and domestic wastewater in different proportions. A total of 221 E. coli isolates were checked for antimicrobial resistance against 16 antimicrobials. Among the antimicrobials tested, ampicillin (AMP) and cefazolin (CFZ) showed resistance between 20% and 90%, nalidixic acid (NAL) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) showed resistance between 15% and 75% and chloramphenicol (CHL) showed resistance between 2% and 20%. Based on the observations, there is no significant difference between the wastewater inlet and outlet, suggesting that treatment process was not effective in reducing the resistance. In conclusion, the trends of antimicrobial resistance pattern show that the levels of resistance were slightly higher in hospital wastewater than domestic wastewater. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

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Distribution of Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella Isolates from Swine and Chickens at Abattoirs in Ontario and Québec, Canada

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02844-08 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 75 (18) ◽

pp. 5999-6001 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Gosia K. Kozak ◽

David L. Pearl ◽

Julia Parkman ◽

Richard J. Reid-Smith ◽

Anne Deckert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sulfonamide Resistance ◽

Sulfonamide Resistance Genes

ABSTRACT Sulfonamide-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates from pigs and chickens in Ontario and Québec were screened for sul1, sul2, and sul3 by PCR. Each sul gene was distributed differently across populations, with a significant difference between distribution in commensal E. coli and Salmonella isolates and sul3 restricted mainly to porcine E. coli isolates.

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Lactic Acid Bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophillus) in Yogurt Inhibit the Growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella sp. In Vitro

Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya ◽

10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 2

Author(s):

IDSAP Peramiarti

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Test Method ◽

P Value ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference

Diarrhea is defecation with a frequency more often than usual (three times or more) a day (10 mL/kg/day) with a soft or liquid consistency, even in the form of water alone. Pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella sp., play a role in many cases, to which antibiotics are prescribed as the first-line therapy. However, since antibiotic resistance cases are often found, preventive therapies are needed, such as consuming yogurt, which is produced through a fermentation process by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This research aimed to determine the activity of lactic acid bacteria (Liactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) in yogurt in inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic bacteria E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigella sp. The research applied in vitro with the liquid dilution test method and the true experimental design research method with post-test-only and control group design. The design was used to see the inhibitory effect of yogurt LAB on the growth of E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigell sp. to compare the effect of several different yogurt concentrations, namely 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. The results of the Least Significance Different analysis showed that there was a significant difference between yogurt with a concentration of 0% and that with various concentrations in inhibiting the growth of E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigella sp. with a p-value of <0.05. Whereas, there was no significant difference in the various concentrations of yogurt in inhibiting the growth of the three kinds of bacteria with a p-value of > 0.05.<p class="Default" align="center"> </p>

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The Effect Ultrasound and Surfactants on Nanobubbles Efficacy against Listeria innocua and Escherichia coli O157:H7, in Cell Suspension and on Fresh Produce Surfaces

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10092154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 2154

Author(s):

Shamil Rafeeq ◽

Reza Ovissipour

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Cell Suspension ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Listeria Innocua ◽

Wash Water ◽

Tween 20 ◽

Escherichia Coli O157 ◽

E Coli ◽

Bacterial Removal ◽

The Impact

Removing foodborne pathogens from food surfaces and inactivating them in wash water are critical steps for reducing the number of foodborne illnesses. In this study we evaluated the impact of surfactants on enhancing nanobubbles’ efficacy on Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria innocua removal from spinach leaves. We evaluated the synergistic impact of nanobubbles and ultrasound on these two pathogens inactivation in the cell suspension. The results indicated that nanobubbles or ultrasound alone could not significantly reduce bacteria in cell suspension after 15 min. However, a combination of nanobubbles and ultrasonication caused more than 6 log cfu/mL reduction after 15 min, and 7 log cfu/mL reduction after 10 min of L. innocua and E. coli, respectively. Nanobubbles also enhanced bacterial removal from spinach surface in combination with ultrasonication. Nanobubbles with ultrasound removed more than 2 and 4 log cfu/cm2 of L. innocua and E. coli, respectively, while ultrasound alone caused 0.5 and 1 log cfu/cm2 of L. innocua and E. coli reduction, respectively. No reduction was observed in the solutions with PBS and nanobubbles. Adding food-grade surfactants (0.1% Sodium dodecyl sulfate-SDS, and 0.1% Tween 20), did not significantly enhance nanobubbles efficacy on bacterial removal from spinach surface.

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Frequency of iss and irp2 genes by PCR method in Escherichia coli isolated from poultry with colibacillosis in comparison with healthy chicken in poultry farms of Zabol, South East of Iran

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.1515/pjvs-2017-0044 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 363-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. S. Sadeghi Bonjar ◽

S. Salari ◽

M. Jahantigh ◽

A. Rashki

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Border Region ◽

Special Trait ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference ◽

East Of Iran ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Chicken Feces ◽

Pcr Method ◽

Control Study

AbstractThere is no special trait for differentiation of Avian PathogenicEscherichia colifrom Avian FecalEscherichia coli. This investigation is aimed, as a case control study, to evaluate and compare the frequency ofissandirp2in 43 AFEC strains and also 40 and 56E. colistrains isolated from the liver and kidney of chickens with colibacillosis, respectively, farmed in Zabol, as a border region of Iran, by PCR. 86.9% and 37.2% of isolates collected from chickens with colibacillosis and feces samples obtained from healthy chickens were positive forissgene, respectively (P<0.05). On average, 59.3% ofE. colistrains isolated from colibacillosis haveirp2gene while 27.9% of isolates from the feces of healthy birds were positive (P<0.05). 52.15% of isolates from colibacillosis and 19.62% of isolates from healthy chicken feces were positive for both genes, with statistical significant difference (p<0.05). This marked difference in the distribution ofissandirp2genes makes these two genes good markers to differentiate AFEC and APEC strains especially in Sistan region to improve colibacillosis control measurements.

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Simultaneous Enrichment of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli O157 and O26 and Salmonella in Food Samples Using Universal Preenrichment Broth

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-72.10.2065 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 72 (10) ◽

pp. 2065-2070 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

MASASHI KANKI ◽

KAZUKO SETO ◽

JUNKO SAKATA ◽

TETSUYA HARADA ◽

YUKO KUMEDA

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Shiga Toxin ◽

Food Samples ◽

Escherichia Coli O157 ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Peptone Water ◽

Radish Sprouts ◽

Pork Samples ◽

Better Than

Universal preenrichment broth (UPB) was compared with modified Escherichia coli broth with novobiocin (mEC+n) for enrichment of Shiga toxin–producing E. coli O157 and O26, and with buffered peptone water (BPW) for preenrichment of Salmonella enterica. Ten strains each of the three pathogens were inoculated into beef and radish sprouts following thermal, freezing, or no treatment. With regard to O157 and O26, UPB incubated at 42°C recovered significantly more cells from inoculated beef than UPB at 35°C and from radish sprout samples than UPB at 35°C and mEC+n. With regard to Salmonella, UPB incubated at 42°C was as effective as UPB at 35°C and BPW at recovering cells from beef and radish sprout samples. No significant difference was noted between the effectiveness of UPB at 42°C and UPB at 35°C or BPW in the recovery of Salmonella from 205 naturally contaminated poultry samples. By using UPB at 42°C, one O157:H7 strain was isolated from the mixed offal of 53 beef samples, 6 cattle offal samples, and 50 pork samples all contaminated naturally, with no pathogen inoculation. The present study found that UPB incubated at 42°C was as effective as, or better than, mEC+n for enrichment of O157 and O26 and comparable to BPW for preenrichment of Salmonella. These findings suggest that a great deal of labor, time, samples, and space may be saved if O157, O26, and Salmonella are enriched simultaneously with UPB at 42°C.

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Clinical and Economic Impact of Third-Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant Infection or Colonization Caused by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Multicenter Study in China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17249285 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 9285

Author(s):

Xuemei Zhen ◽

Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ◽

Xueshan Sun ◽

Xiaoqian Hu ◽

Hengjin Dong

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Multicenter Study ◽

Generation Cephalosporin ◽

Total Hospital Cost ◽

Third Generation ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Quantifying economic and clinical outcomes for interventions could help to reduce third-generation cephalosporin resistance and Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae. We aimed to compare the differences in clinical and economic burden between third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli (3GCREC) and third-generation cephalosporin-susceptible E. coli (3GCSEC) cases, and between third-generation cephalosporin-resistant K. pneumoniae (3GCRKP) and third-generation cephalosporin-susceptible K. pneumoniae (3GCSKP) cases. A retrospective and multicenter study was conducted. We collected data from electronic medical records for patients who had clinical samples positive for E. coli or K. pneumoniae isolates during 2013 and 2015. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to minimize the impact of potential confounding variables, including age, sex, insurance, number of diagnoses, Charlson comorbidity index, admission to intensive care unit, surgery, and comorbidities. We also repeated the PSM including length of stay (LOS) before culture. The main indicators included economic costs, LOS and hospital mortality. The proportions of 3GCREC and 3GCRKP in the sampled hospitals were 44.3% and 32.5%, respectively. In the two PSM methods, 1804 pairs and 1521 pairs were generated, and 1815 pairs and 1617 pairs were obtained, respectively. Compared with susceptible cases, those with 3GCREC and 3GCRKP were associated with significantly increased total hospital cost and excess LOS. Inpatients with 3GCRKP were significantly associated with higher hospital mortality compared with 3GCSKP cases, however, there was no significant difference between 3GCREC and 3GCSEC cases. Cost reduction and outcome improvement could be achieved through a preventative approach in terms of both antimicrobial stewardship and preventing the transmission of organisms.

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Field Evaluation of the MUG Assay for Enumerating Escherichia coli in Seawater and Oysters from Southeastern United States

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-54.4.246 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 246-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

MILES L. MOTES ◽

JAMES T. PEELER

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

Field Evaluation ◽

Fecal Coliforms ◽

American Public Health Association ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Health Association

Oysters and seawater collected from the southeastern United States were examined for fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli, using the current procedure of the American Public Health Association (APHA) and the fluorogenic 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide (MUG) modified APHA procedure. After the presence of E. coli in both methods was confirmed by conventional IMViC procedures, there was no significant difference between method means at the α = 0.05 level. In oysters, low confirmation rates of 67 and 77% were observed by the APHA and the MUG methods, respectively. Seawater had the greatest confirmation rates (95%) by the MUG method. The MUG method may be a suitable alternative to the current APHA method for the microbiological evaluation of oysters and seawater.

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Incidence of Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia Coli in Iraqi Milk Products

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-53.10.846 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 53 (10) ◽

pp. 846-848

Author(s):

F. M. ABBAR ◽

H. KH. KADDER

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Milk Products ◽

E Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Resistance To Penicillin ◽

Overall Resistance

The antimicrobial sensitivity of 430 Escherichia coli strains isolated from three types of locally processed Iraqi milk products was determined. Four hundred and one (93.2%) isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents, and only 29 (6.7%) isolates were sensitive to all 12 agents tested. The incidence of resistant E. coli was 95.5%, 90.4% and 84.4% in isolates from cheese, kishfa, and gaymer, respectively. There was no significant difference in resistance among E. coli strains from various milk products. Overall, resistance to penicillin (92.3%), erythromycin (75.8%), cephaloridine (71.9%), ampicillin (57.7%), and tetracycline (37%) was most frequent, whereas isolates were least resistant to kanamycin (7.2%), chloramphenicol (8.1%), nalidixic acid (8.6%), gentamycin (9%), streptomycin (12.5%), trimethoprim (14%), and colistin (18%). The predominant antimicrobial resistance pattern was penicillin, ampicillin, cephaloridine, and erythromycin detected in 77 (18%). The high resistance of E. coli strains isolated from product samples was suggestive of misuse of these drugs in Iraq.

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Performance evaluation of combined ultraviolet-ultrasonic technologies in removal of sulfonamide and tetracycline resistant Escherichia coli from domestic effluents

Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development ◽

10.2166/washdev.2020.144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 276-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Owassa Dza Rebecca Annisha ◽

Zifu Li ◽

Xiaoqin Zhou ◽

Ngomah Madgil Don Stenay ◽

Oscar Omondi Donde

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Ultraviolet Radiation ◽

Continuous Operation ◽

Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽

Wastewater Purification ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Radiation Technology ◽

E Coli ◽

The Mean ◽

Domestic Effluents

Abstract Proper treatment of wastewater is key to the achievement of sustainable environmental management. The use of ultraviolet radiation and ultrasound have continued to be considered as some of the best sustainable practices in wastewater purification. However, despite the suitability of the two emerging techniques in sustainably increasing the purification efficiencies of wastewater, their application has not been fully understood, especially in eliminating faecal pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, their combined potential in the elimination of Escherichia coli resistant genes from wastewater has not been adequately explored. This study was designed to evaluate the potential of individual and combined/integrated ultraviolet radiation and ultrasonic technologies in the removal of antibiotic-resistant E. coli from domestic effluents. There was a statistical difference in the mean log units of sulfonamide resistant E. coli between the different ultraviolet radiation and ultrasonic dosages (P < 0.05), showing that ultraviolet radiation technology was more effective in the removal of both sulfonamide and tetracycline resistant E. coli from the wastewater. However, the integrated ultraviolet radiation-ultrasonic technique was highly efficient and is recommended in the removal of antibiotic resistant E. coli from wastewater. Nonetheless, further studies also need to be performed to further evaluate the disinfection effectiveness on a different bacteria species under continuous operation.

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