scholarly journals ASPECTOS ÉTICOS E LEGAIS DA MORTE ENCEFÁLICA CONHECIDOS POR ESTUDANTES DE ENFERMAGEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ednalva Alves Heliodoro ◽  
Darci De Oliveira Santa Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Autonomy

Objetivo: analisar os aspectos éticos e legais da morte encefálica conhecidos por estudantes de enfermagem. Metodologia: pesquisa qualitativa com vinte estudantes de enfermagem de uma instituição superior de ensino, no período de junho a julho 2014, por entrevistas gravadas, submetida a análise do discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: os conhecimentos adquiridos pelos estudantes de enfermagem envolvem seis dimensões expressa nas ideias centrais: Ações para identificação de possíveis doadores em morte encefálica; Confirmação de morte encefálica e seu registro; Aspectos éticos e legais da comunicação à família sobre morte encefálica; Tomada de decisão da família sobre a doação ou não de órgãos; Assinatura do Termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido pela família; Garantia da integridade do corpo. Conclusão: os estudantes de enfermagem conhecem as normativas que regem a doação de órgãos, valorizam a autonomia da família, necessários para a tomada de decisão frente a ética do cuidado.Descritores: Morte encefálica, Estudantes de enfermagem, Ética, Legislação.ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF ENCEPHALIC DEATH KNOWN BY NURSING STUDENTSObjective: to analyze the ethical and legal aspects of brain death known to nursing students. Methodology: qualitative research with twenty nursing students from a higher education institution, from June to July 2014, by recorded interviews, submitted to the analysis of the Discourse of the Collective Subject. Results: the knowledge acquired by nursing students involves six dimensions expressed in the central ideas: Actions to identify possible donors in brain death; Confirmation of encephalic death and its registration; Ethical and legal aspects of communication to the family about brain death; Family decision-making on organ donation or non-donation; Signature of the informed consent form by the family; Guarantee of the integrity of the body. Conclusion: nursing students know the rules governing organ donation, value family autonomy, necessary for decision-making regarding the ethics of care.Descriptors: Brain death, Nursing students, Ethics, Legislation.ASPECTOS ÉTICOS Y LEGALES DE LA MUERTE ENCEFÁLICA CONOCIDOS POR ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍAObjetivo: analizar los aspectos éticos y legales de la muerte encefálica conocidos por estudiantes de enfermería. Metodología: investigación cualitativa con veinte estudiantes de enfermería de una institución superior de enseñanza, en el período de junio a julio de 2014, por entrevistas grabadas, sometida a análisis del discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Resultados: los conocimientos adquiridos por los estudiantes de enfermería involucra seis dimensiones expresadas en las ideas centrales: Acciones para la identificación de posibles donantes en muerte encefálica; Confirmación de muerte encefálica y su registro; Aspectos éticos y legales de la comunicación a la familia sobre muerte encefálica; Toma de decisión de la familia sobre la donación o no de órganos; Firma del Término de consentimiento libre y esclarecido por la familia; Garantía de la integridad del cuerpo. Conclusión: los estudiantes de enfermería conocen las normativas que rigen la donación de órganos, valoran la autonomía de la familia, necesarios para la toma de decisión frente a la ética del cuidado.Descriptores: Muerte encefálica, Estudiantes de enfermería, Ética, Legislación.

scholarly journals Family refusal to donate organs and tissue for transplantation

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvaldo Leal de Moraes ◽  
Maria Cristina Komatsu Braga Massarollo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Tissue Donation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Loved One ◽  
The Family

This study aimed to discover how potential eligible donor families perceive the decision-making process to refuse organ and tissue donation for transplantation. A qualitative research was performed in order to understand the families' perception, based on the situated-phenomenon structure. Eight family members were interviewed, with four themes and fourteen subthemes emerging from the analysis of the statements. The propositions that emerged from the study indicated that the essence of the phenomenon was manifested as a shocking or despairing situation, experienced through the hospitalization of the family member; distrust regarding organ donation; denial of brain death; grief and weariness due to the loss of the loved one, family conflicts for making the decision and the multiple causes for refusing donation. Therefore, the knowledge of this phenomenon can provide information to guide professional action involving the families of potential donors.

scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of Brain Death Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Özkan Kuşcu ◽  
Meltem Aktay
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Death Time ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Cadaveric Donors ◽  
Death Cases

Objective: Organ transplantation is important for patients with end-stage organ failure to survive. For this reason, detection of brain death cases and adequate number of donations are necessary. Methods: 31 cases diagnosed with brain death between 01.01.2018-01.01.2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, diagnoses causing brain death, time to detect brain death, additional tests applied for the diagnosis of brain death, time to diagnosis of brain death and cardiopulmonary arrest or donation, the proportion of families accepting organ donation, the proportion of donors, organ removed from donors the number and blood types of the cases were recorded Results: The number of cases diagnosed with brain death was 31, and the mean age of the cases was 46,71 (1-89) years. 71% (n=22) of the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit from the emergency department. The most common reason for admission to the intensive care unit 67.7% (n=21) was intracranial bleeding. While the family donation rate was 19% (n=5), three cases who accepted the donation could be donors. The mean age of the patients for whom organ donation was accepted was 35.80±11 years, while the mean age of the patients for whom organ donation was not accepted was 57.43±21.30 years (p=0.04). Conclusion: Due to the increasing number of end-stage organ failure patients awaiting transplantation, it is necessary to increase the number of cadaveric donors. Timely and sufficient detection of brain death cases, increasing the family donation rate and increasing the number of cadaveric donors will be contributed.

The nexus of aging in family businesses

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cagri Bulut ◽  
Serpil Kahraman ◽  
Emir Ozeren ◽  
Sobia Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the preferences of parent founders within family businesses in selecting a suitable successor with the increase in life expectancy. Design/methodology/approach The study presents alternative decision-making preference models of a suitable succession for parent founders based on the models of microeconomic theory in the context of family businesses. Findings The theories and models of economics in the current study illustrate that the increase in the life expectancy of the parent founders with their decisions toward the preference of a suitable successor under the age constraint may restrict the sustainability of their family businesses. As a result, the opportunity cost theory appears as to be at the ahead of the other theories in microeconomics in order to support the decision making of parent founders on selecting the suitable successor for the future of the family business. Research limitations/implications The paper illustrates the models on the preferences of the parent founder for the future of the family businesses with their perception toward the increase in overall life expectancy. The current study is limited to the perspectives of founder entrepreneurs toward an effective succession decision. Future research may consider the perspectives of in-family as well as non-family successors. Originality/value In the light of alternative preference decision-making models for parent founders for choosing a suitable successor under the age constraint, this study will make a noteworthy contribution to the sustainable growth of their family businesses. The approach of this study through the microeconomics not only methodologically contributes to the body of knowledge in aging and employment in general, but also to the intergenerational relationships of parent founders, especially their succession-related plans at their early stages of career.

scholarly journals Role of intensive care nurses on guiding patients’ families/relatives to organ donation

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Karaman ◽  
Neriman Akyolcu
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Intensive Care Nurses ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
The Family ◽  
Using Data

Objective: The aim was to determine the role of intensive care nurses on guiding the families/relatives of brain-death patients to organ donation. Methods: This research is a descriptive study. While the population of the study consisted of 1710 nurses working in the intensive care units of public, private and university hospitals in the city of Istanbul, the sample consisted of 353 intensive care nurses selected with stratified random sampling method from the probability sampling methods from this population. The data were collected by using “Data Collection Form”. Results: It was determined that 74.5% of the intensive care nurses carefully listened the family/relatives of the patient with possible brain death or suffering from brain death and supported them to express their emotion and thoughts clearly; when the family/relatives of the patients hospitalised in the intensive care unit wanted to get information about organ donation, 20.7% of the nurses made the preliminary explanation themselves and then guided the patient to an organ transplant coordinator for detailed information and 3.1% of the nurses generally gave this information themselves. Conclusions: It was determined that the knowledge of the intensive care nurses about brain death and organ donation was partially adequate and the function of guiding the families/relatives of brain-death patients to organ donation was mostly done by the physician. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.1285 How to cite this:Karaman A, Akyolcu N. Role of intensive care nurses on guiding patients’ families/relatives to organ donation. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.1285 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Nursing Students Attitude Towards Teenage Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
Mickelle Emanuel-Frith ◽  
Cynthia Pitter ◽  
Chinwendu Felicia Agu
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Student Nurses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Teen Mother ◽  
Maternal Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family

BACKGROUNDTeenage pregnancy is a multifaceted problem which is influenced by numerous issues including individual, family, and community characteristics. Its consequences affect the health, social and economic wellbeing of the teenagers and their children. The attitudes and behaviors of maternal healthcare providers were an essential component of quality as they impacted both positively and negatively on how the clients, their partners, and families observed and experienced maternal healthcare. This study was conducted to determine the general attitudes of student nurses towards teenage pregnancy and also to determine whether socio-demographic characteristics of the student nurses affected their attitude towards teenage pregnancy.METHODA quantitative descriptive, cross-sectional study was done in 2018. A total of 87 randomly selected fourth year student nurses completed a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The study was approved by our local ethical boards and all ethical considerations were adhered to.RESULTSThe results of the study revealed that majority of the participants (93.1%) were single and attended church (90.8%). The majority of the sample was female (96.6%) between the ages 18–24 years old. The respondents' attitudes towards teen mothers were not affected by their relationship status, their age or gender or church attendance The results further revealed that the nursing students' had a moderately positive attitude towards teenage pregnancy. The only sociodemographic variable that affected attitude was the respondents having a teen mother in the family. The respondents with a teen mother in the family accounted for 29.9%.CONCLUSIONThis study adds to the body of knowledge on the attitudes of nursing students towards teenage pregnancy. The findings support the nursing curriculum that accentuates patient-centered care, reduce bias, and promotes professional values in Jamaica in order to deliver care to this vulnerable group.

Decision Making by Relatives About Brain Death Organ Donation

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 1196-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack de Groot ◽  
Myrra Vernooij-Dassen ◽  
Cornelia Hoedemaekers ◽  
Andries Hoitsma ◽  
Wim Smeets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation

scholarly journals Ethics and Brain Death in Pediatrics: Recent Controversy and Practical Suggestions

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Galbraith ◽  
Kyle Brothers ◽  
Trevor Bibler
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Loved One ◽  
The Family ◽  
Jahi Mcmath ◽  
Body Damage ◽  
Do So

AbstractWho decides when a child is dead? The story of Jahi McMath has brought this question into focus for pediatric intensivists, ethicists, and the American public. In this article, we address this question by arguing that medical professionals do not have an obligation to acquiesce when families insist upon postmortem therapies. To do so may harm the dignity of the child by subjecting him or her to procedures that objectify the body, damage the child's reputation, and violate his or her privacy. Applying this answer to the real world of pediatric intensive care, we suggest practices meant to preserve the dignity of the child while accepting that the family is struggling to understand the tragedy. Muddled communication or an unyielding attitude will fail to help the family understand and cope with the death of their young loved one. Clear and honest communication—in conjunction with an empathetic disposition—can improve pre- and postmortem care for both patient and family.

scholarly journals Applied ethics in health care administration: A case study of organ donation in an unidentified person

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Mark Angelo ◽  
Daniel Simon Lefler
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Health Care Administrator ◽  
Concept Review

Ethical leadership in health care helps to guide the administrator through difficult decisions, upholding the policy of the institution while putting patient care first. This case study presents an ethical dilemma encountered by the administrator regarding organ procurement in an unidentified person who dies within the hospital. The purpose of this report is to provide a comprehensive literature and concept review of the bioethical considerations of organ donation in an unidentified person, to review the current status of the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act (UAGA), and to provide a review of presumed versus informed consent. These are all aspects that shape ethical decision-making for the health care administrator. Forty-eight states have adopted UAGA legislation governing regulations regarding organ donation. In states where the legislation has been enacted, the authority to consent for organ donation is granted to the custodian of the body. In the case of persons who are unidentified, individual state regulations often grant custodianship to the hospital in which the patient died. Health care administrators may be called upon to consent for hospital procedures in cases of diminished capacity and the absence of a substitute decision maker. The health care administrator needs to be well-informed about the ethical framework for decision making in order to opine regarding organ procurement based on patient autonomy and uphold the current laws and hospital policy with beneficence and integrity.

Knowledge of Medical Students and Faculties of a Medical College Towards Human Body and Organ Donation: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (234) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Singh ◽  
Naveen Phuyal ◽  
Sagar Khadka ◽  
Minani Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Body Donation

Introduction: The study of clinical anatomy is inseparable from cadaveric dissection. However, scarcity of cadavers is observed all over the world. So, body donation is propounded and is a major source of cadavers worldwide. However, nowadays, there is a scarcity of cadavers for the body dissection in the medical course & also due to the rise in the number of medical institutions in Nepal. This research aimed to find out the knowledge of medical and nursing students at a medical college regarding human body and organ donation. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 medical and nursing students in a tertiary care hospital of Kathmandu valley. After obtaining ethical approval, a semistructured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Results: Most of the respondents, 360 (90%) knew that organs could be donated from living donors as well as cadavers. A majority of the respondents 374 (93.5%) said that bodies could be donated for educational and learning purposes. The eyes were the most commonly donated organ. One hundred seventy five (43.5%) of the respondents were motivated to donate their bodies or organs. Self-motivation followed by motivation through media by celebrities, family members, and faculties were seen among the participants. Conclusions: We need a proper voluntary body donation act to facilitate medical teaching with the proper motivation of people for this generous gift to further the knowledge and expand the field of medical science.

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