scholarly journals Life after the Pandemic: Economic and Social Consequences

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Grishin ◽  
D. V. Domashchenko ◽  
L. V. Konstantinova ◽  
A. P. Koshkin ◽  
E. V. Ustyuzhanina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Consequences ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
The Impact

The article was written at the height of the coronavirus pandemic, when unprecedented restrictive measures were taken regarding the activities of a large proportion of economic actors to ensure a regime of self-isolation and social distance. The article attempts, on the basis of a synthesis of expert and analytical materials published during the pandemic in various information sources and the results of sociological studies assessing its real socio-economic consequences, to provide forecasts for the near and distant prospects, taking into account various parameters of an economic and social nature. The impact of the pandemic on macroeconomic indicators, the situation on the labor market, the dynamics of income of the population was considered. The social consequences of the pandemic are analysed separately, in particular in the field of health care, education, social support, social and labour relations, as well as the peculiarities of the relationship between power and society. The Russian economy is facing a recession corresponding to the long-term recession of the world economy. According to the authors, the scale and social consequences of this recession can be reduced for Russia. The formation of an anti-crisis fund to support economic sectors and citizens against the background of the coronavirus situation should lead at all levels of government to the adoption of constructive management decisions and the effective use of each ruble.

scholarly journals Risks and threats to economic security in the digital economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
Irina Kirishchieva ◽  
Mikhail Skorev ◽  
Oksana Mishchenko ◽  
Tatiana Grafova
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Destabilizing Factors ◽  
Digital Development ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Productivity And Competitiveness

The economic security of the company is the state of protection of the vital interests of the enterprise from the impact of internal and external destabilizing factors and threats, the emerging management and collective enterprise through the effective use of its resources, as well as the implementation of measures of economic, legal, organizational, technical, technological and social nature. -psychic directed and stable functioning of the enterprise both in the current and in the long term. Digitalization is bringing changes to the country’s economy. The volume of services, the use of labor, investment in physical and human capital, technologies and their diffusion, the use of trade services, including financial, legal, managerial, informational and consulting, and is reflected in production efficiency, labor productivity and competitiveness, culture, lifestyle and system of values. The presented risks and threats to the security of an enterprise in a digital economy emphasize the need to improve the electronic security system. At the same time, the features of the process of ensuring electronic safety in the context of digital development lie in the development and use of tools for identifying and assessing risks, indicators and indicators of the level of economic security, providing subsystems, including information, technological, personnel, investment, regulatory and legal components.

scholarly journals The Covid-19 Pandemics: why Intersectionality Matters

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Maestripieri
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Multiple Structures ◽  
Community Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Covid-19 has been a disrupting event in contemporary social life but is far from being a great equaliser. Preliminary studies have put in evidence how different social groups faced a differentiated risk of contagion and coped differently with the various consequences of the emergency. Evidence shows how minorities and migrants face disproportionally higher risks of contagion than the white upper and middle class, and how vulnerable communities are more exposed to deaths and the rapid spread of the virus. At the same time, societies are coping with social distancing measures and their disruptive social and economic consequences, which have a more significant impact on the most vulnerable segments of societies: women, children, low-income classes and ethnic minorities. This article argues that an intersectional framework allows an understanding of what is occurring in the current pandemic, both in terms of its social determinants and social consequences. To open the black box of inequality, intersectional scholars analyze the intersections of multiple structures of inequalities (such as gender, age, class, ethnicity), which have a multiplying effect when disadvantaged positions intersect in the same individual. Covid-19 is a clear example of an intersectional phenomenon: the impact of individual and community exposure to Covid-19 is the results of multiple and interrelating structures of inequality. Up to now, research in social sciences has underestimated the role of intersectionality in analyzing the social and economic consequences of this pandemic.

Labor Market Transformation in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Differentiation of the Impact of Physical and Information Virus Spread

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-102
Author(s):  
D.G. Rodionov ◽  
E.A. Konnikov ◽  
A.S. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Market Transformation ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Physical Consequences ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact

Currently, the need to develop measures to prevent the negative economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic is primary for most countries in the world. Determining the ways of possible impact on the physical and informational form of the spread of a new coronavirus infection seems to be especially relevant in the context of a global problem. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the physical and informational forms of the spread of coronavirus infection on the set of indicators characterizing the labor market, e.g. the unemployment rate, average wages in different types of economic activity, employer's need for the labour force; to identify the logic of behaviorof the Russian society by studying the dynamics of search queries in January--August 2020; to identify possible ways to minimize negative economic effects caused by the coronavirus pandemic. As a result of the study carried out within the labor market, a fundamentally new property of the pandemic was revealed --- the "effect of delaying physical consequences", the multidirectional influence of the physical and informational forms of the coronavirus spread on a number of indicators characterizing the labor market was established. The rapid adaptation of the Russian society to remote employment in lockdown and severe restrictive measures has been confirmed

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on the agrarian sector and country’s food security

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 314 (12) ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
Olga Khodakivska ◽  
Mykola Pugachov ◽  
Nataliia Patyka ◽  
Oleksandr Shpykuliak ◽  
Oleksii Mohylnyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to systematize the impact factors of quarantine measures related to COVID-19 on the agrarian sector and food security and assess their socio-economic consequences. Research methods. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach to the study of the studied phenomena and processes and dialectical method of cognition, that which allow to comprehensively consider the processes, related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine restrictive measures on the agrarian sector and food security of the country. When generalizing the theoretical and methodological aspects of the study, systematizing the factors of impact, the techniques of the abstract-logical method, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and comparison were used. In order to assess the trends in the development of the agrarian sector in analytical studies, economic and statistical methods were used (comparative analysis, relative values, trend analysis etc.). Research results. The impact factors of quarantine measures related to COVID-19 pandemic on the agrarian sector with the selection of ten groups of stimulants and disincentives, exogenous and endogenous effects have been identified and systematized. This made it possible to determine the synergistic effect of their interaction. The socio-economic consequences of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive measures on the domestic agrarian sector and food security were assessed in the following areas: production of agri-food products, its sales in domestic and foreign markets, investments, efficiency of economic activity, rural labor market, employment in the agrarian sector. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and methodological provisions, scientific-methodical and practical approaches to systematization of impact factors of quarantine measures and the spread of COVID-19 pandemic on agrarian sector, food security and assessing the degree of their influence on the socio-economic development of the industry are substantiated. Practical significance. The principal thesis and conclusions set out in the article have been brought to the level of practical recommendations, the implementation of which will allow to substantiate management decisions in the implementation of effective state policy for the development and support of the agrarian sector, ensuring the adaptability of national producers to restrictive quarantine measures in the context of COVID-19 pandemic spread. Tabl.: 5. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 29.

scholarly journals Modelling COVID-19 epidemic and its social consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Olena Pugachova
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Computer Experiments ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Agent Based Models ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Social Patterns ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies different approaches to modelling COVID-19 transmission. It is emphasized that the variety of models proposed for forecasting the dynamics of epidemic and its long-term socio-economic consequences deals with the complexity of the object under investigation. So the multiplicity of models makes it possible to describe different aspects of complex reality. It is also highlighted that agent-based simulation is more suitable for modelling social aspects of the processes (human behaviour, social interactions, collective behaviour, and opinion diffusion) in the situation of deep uncertainty.The computer experiments with the parameters of the model are analysed on the basis of a number of agent-based models in NetLogo, namely epiDEM and ASSOCC. It is demonstrated that the dynamics of COVID-19 has different scenarios, and agent-based modelling is a powerful tool in political decisionmaking, taking into account social complexity that often exhibits unpredictable output of intervention policy. The role of agent-based modelling in social learning is also discussed. It is pointed out that social learning can reduce the impact of unsubstantiated statements and rumors that are not always adequate to the situation. It is also stressed that social learning could influence social behaviour that, in turn, facilitates the development of social patterns that reduces the likelihood of disease spreading. Attention is paid to the idea that involving people into the modelling process is a part of effective anti-epidemic policy because of the sensitivity of the output of political intervention to the behavioural reaction. It has been shown that today the ideas of agent-based modelling are widely used by social scientists worldwide. The aim of this endeavour is not only to overcome the current pandemic and its long-term socioeconomic consequences but also to prepare for new challenges in the future. The paper is also aimed at paying attention to the lack of agent-based models in Ukraine that could help policy-makers in developing practical recommendations and avoiding undesirable scenarios.

scholarly journals Social and economic consequences of the recent minimum wage rise in Lithuania

Ekonomika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vita Karpuškienė
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Core Issues

The government of Lithuania actively increases the minimum wage in 2012–2014: in-one-and-a-half year period it increased by 22 percent – from 246 EUR (850 LTL) to 300 EUR (1035 LTL). It is promised to increase the minimum wage in 2015 as well. The amplification of the competitiveness of the economy is one of the main conditions of economic development. This is emphasized by economists, Lithuanian government, and European Commission. The core issues of the competitiveness of Lithuania are the energy sector and the labour market. Such statement is provided by the European Commission in the 2014 report on Industry competitiveness. Therefore, the aim of this article is to evaluate the economic and social consequences of the increased minimum wage and their impact on the competitiveness of the labour force. In the first part of the article, changes of the minimum wage and their economic and social consequences are analysed. In the rest part of the article, the impact of these consequences on the competitiveness is evaluated.

Living with dams: managing the environmental impacts

Water Policy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. 121-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew McCartney
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
To Come ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future

Dams, through disruption of physiochemical and biological processes, have water and associated environmental impacts that have far reaching social and economic consequences. The impact of each dam is unique. It depends not only on the dam structure and the attributes of local biota but also climatic and geomorphic conditions. Given the number of existing dams (over 45,000 large dams) and the large number that may be built in the near future, it is clear that humankind must live with the environmental and social consequences for many decades to come. This paper provides a review of the consequences for ecosystems and biodiversity resulting directly from the presence of dams on rivers, and of constraints and opportunities for environmental protection. It illustrates that a wide range of both technical and non-technical measures has been developed to ameliorate the negative impacts of dams. It argues that relatively few studies have been conducted to evaluate the success of these measures and that it is widely perceived that many interventions fail, either for technical reasons or as a consequence of a variety of socio-economic constraints. It discusses the constraints to successful implementation and mechanisms for promoting, funding and ensuring compliance. Finally, it contends that there is a need to improve environmental practices in the operation of both existing and new dams.

Dynamics and Quality of Platform Employment in the Era of Coronavirus: Challenges for Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
Natalya Loktyukhina ◽  
Ekaterina Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic hit the Russian economy very hard, influenced the forms of labour use and work modes, and required the adoption of fundamentally new managerial decisions in the world of work. We believe that we can talk about social and labour relations in the era of the coronavirus, as well as the lessons to be learned for the future. The relevance of the study of the dynamics and quality of platform employment during the COVID-19 pandemic is due to the poor knowledge, relative novelty, and massiveness of the noted form of employment relations, implemented using digital platforms. The article analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated economic and social consequences on platform employment in Russia as a whole and on its individual segments. Digital labour platforms are digital networks that algorithmically coordinate labour service transactions. Working on the platform is a new form of work, and it is constantly evolving. The coronavirus pandemic has affected different areas of platform employment in different ways, and this impact is due to the specifics of these areas, the amount of government support, the degree, and speed of adjustment (flexibility) of platform employment in an evolving situation. The article examines the general dynamics of this type of employment, analyzes new trends in industry dynamics, volumes, types, forms, and specifics of platform employment, including the provision of services by self-employed, taxi and car-sharing services on digital labour platforms, as well as activities on electronic digital trading platforms. Recommendations are offered, including government agencies, trade unions, and employers. The problem areas requiring further research have been identified

The Impact of Visual Feedback Type on the Mastery of Visuo-Motor Transformations

2012 ◽  
Vol 220 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sülzenbrück
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact

For the effective use of modern tools, the inherent visuo-motor transformation needs to be mastered. The successful adjustment to and learning of these transformations crucially depends on practice conditions, particularly on the type of visual feedback during practice. Here, a review about empirical research exploring the influence of continuous and terminal visual feedback during practice on the mastery of visuo-motor transformations is provided. Two studies investigating the impact of the type of visual feedback on either direction-dependent visuo-motor gains or the complex visuo-motor transformation of a virtual two-sided lever are presented in more detail. The findings of these studies indicate that the continuous availability of visual feedback supports performance when closed-loop control is possible, but impairs performance when visual input is no longer available. Different approaches to explain these performance differences due to the type of visual feedback during practice are considered. For example, these differences could reflect a process of re-optimization of motor planning in a novel environment or represent effects of the specificity of practice. Furthermore, differences in the allocation of attention during movements with terminal and continuous visual feedback could account for the observed differences.

The Role of Threat and Economic Uncertainty in Support for Scottish Independence

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kopasker
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Levels Of Support

Existing research has consistently shown that perceptions of the potential economic consequences of Scottish independence are vital to levels of support for constitutional change. This paper attempts to investigate the mechanism by which expectations of the economic consequences of independence are formed. A hypothesised causal micro-level mechanism is tested that relates constitutional preferences to the existing skill investments of the individual. Evidence is presented that larger skill investments are associated with a greater likelihood of perceiving economic threats from independence. Additionally, greater perceived threat results in lower support for independence. The impact of uncertainty on both positive and negative economic expectations is also examined. While uncertainty has little effect on negative expectations, it significantly reduces the likelihood of those with positive expectations supporting independence. Overall, it appears that a general economy-wide threat is most significant, and it is conjectured that this stems a lack of information on macroeconomic governance credentials.

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