scholarly journals Bioprospecting of Nitrogenous Heterocyclic Scaffolds with Potential Action for Neglected Parasitosis: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (33) ◽  
pp. 4112-4150
Author(s):  
Sonaly L. Albino ◽  
Jamire M. da Silva ◽  
Michelangela S. de C. Nobre ◽  
Yvnni M. S. de M. e Silva ◽  
Mirelly B. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Antiparasitic Agents ◽  
High Poverty Rate

Neglected parasitic diseases are a group of infections currently considered as a worldwide concern. This fact can be attributed to the migration of these diseases to developed and developing countries, associated with therapeutic insufficiency resulted from the low investment in the research and development of new drugs. In order to overcome this situation, bioprospecting supports medicinal chemistry in the identification of new scaffolds with therapeutically appropriate physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. Among them, we highlight the nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds, as they are secondary metabolites of many natural products with potential biological activity. The objective of this work was to review studies within a 10-year timeframe (2009- 2019), focusing on the pharmacological application of nitrogen bioprospectives (pyrrole, pyridine, indole, quinoline, acridine, and their respective derivatives) against neglected parasitic infections (malaria, leishmania, trypanosomiases, and schistosomiasis), and their application as a template for semi-synthesis or total synthesis of potential antiparasitic agents. In our studies, it was observed that among the selected articles, there was a higher focus on the attempt to identify and obtain novel antimalarial compounds, in a way that an extensive amount of studies involving all heterocyclic nitrogen nuclei were found. On the other hand, the parasites with the lowest number of publications up until the present date have been trypanosomiasis, especially those caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and schistosomiasis, where some heterocyclics have not even been cited in recent years. Thus, we conclude that despite the great biodiversity on the planet, little attention has been given to certain neglected tropical diseases, especially those that reach countries with a high poverty rate.

scholarly journals Susceptibility Testing of Medically Important Parasites

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abebe Genetu Bayih ◽  
Anjan Debnath ◽  
Edward Mitre ◽  
Christopher D. Huston ◽  
Benoît Laleu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Antiparasitic Agents

SUMMARY In the last 2 decades, renewed attention to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has spurred the development of antiparasitic agents, especially in light of emerging drug resistance. The need for new drugs has required in vitro screening methods using parasite culture. Furthermore, clinical laboratories sought to correlate in vitro susceptibility methods with treatment outcomes, most notably with malaria. Parasites with their various life cycles present greater complexity than bacteria, for which standardized susceptibility methods exist. This review catalogs the state-of-the-art methodologies used to evaluate the effects of drugs on key human parasites from the point of view of drug discovery as well as the need for laboratory methods that correlate with clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals The Role of Digital Consumer Protection in Mediating the Effect of Mobile Money usage towards Financial Inclusion: an Evidence from Buleleng, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Luh Regita Eka Pratiwi ◽  
Astrie Krisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
Current Utilization ◽  
High Poverty Rate ◽  
Process Method

The current utilization of digital services especially in finance sector among the productive age communities is increasing. Mobile money utilization and the implementation of a digitalization system in the financial sector are expected to increase financial inclusion. By increasing financial inclusion, the poverty rate is also expected to be reduced. Buleleng Regency is one of regency in Bali Province, Indonesia which has a high poverty rate. It is necessary to increase financial inclusion through mobile money usage. However, it is also necessary to increase consumer protection to support this digitalization. This research aims to determine the effect of mobile money usage on financial inclusion with digital consumer protection as a mediator in productive age communities in Buleleng Regency, Bali, Indonesia. The population of this research consists of 439,400 people from productive age group in Buleleng Regency, Bali, Indonesia. This research used a non-probability sampling technique with the total of 477 samples. This research applies the Sobel test, Baron and Kenny’s mediation analysis, and the PROCESS method by Hayes. The results of this study show that digital consumer protection partially mediates the effect of the mobile money usage on financial inclusion in Buleleng Regency, Bali, Indonesia. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested to regulators and related agencies in Indonesia to show more attention about the safety factors of mobile money users by strengthening consumer protection in terms of both regulation and the system reliability. Furthermore, it is also necessary to develop education programs on how to manage finance properly by using mobile money in order to improve people’s welfare.

scholarly journals Food Security Level of Fisherman Household in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 934 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
C Yolandika ◽  
N Anggraini ◽  
D Berliana
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Security Level ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Food Consumption Survey ◽  
Random Method ◽  
High Poverty Rate ◽  
Consumption Survey

Abstract The condition of fishermen’s households that are less food secure can be triggered by poverty. As a developing country, Indonesia still has a fairly high poverty rate of 34.96 million people, of which 63.47% are people living in coastal areas. According to the Food Consumption Survey of Lampung in 2017, 2018, and 2019 conducted by the Food Security Agency of Lampung Province, it is known that the amount and level of energy consumption of fishery households in Bandar Lampung City has decreased from 1,815.1 kcal/cap/day or by 93, 1% in 2017 to 1,666.4 kcal/cap/year or 84.0% in 2018, and decreased again to 1,568.0 kcal/cap/day or 75.1% in 2019. This study aims to analyze the level of food security of fishermen’s households in and the level of energy and protein adequacy of fishermen’s households in Teluk Betung Selatan District. This research was conducted in Teluk Betung Selatan District, Bandar Lampung. The research was conducted on March to July 2021. The sample of fishermen in this study was 50 fishermen from 1,207 fishermen in Teluk Betung Selatan District. Sampling was done by simple random method. The results of this study are (1) the food security of fishermen’s households in Teluk Betung Selatan District is mostly in the food security category (78%), while the remaining 22% are in the food insecurity category; (2) the level of energy adequacy of fishermen’s households in Teluk Betung Selatan District is mostly in the poor category (52%), but the level of protein adequacy is mostly.

scholarly journals Poverty of the Elderly in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Se Won Kim ◽  
Jai S. Mah
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Elderly Parents ◽  
The Public ◽  
Elderly Poverty ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Poverty Rate ◽  
Private Transfers

Korea’s elderly poverty rate remains very high. The fact that a society long governed by the Confucian idea of respect for the elderly has a high elderly poverty rate is ironic. This paper reveals the causes of the exceptionally high poverty rate of the elderly in Korea. Significant reductions in the birth rate and the rapid aging of the population have fueled reductions in private transfers from adult children to elderly parents. Efforts to strengthen the public transfer system have not kept pace with reductions in private transfers in relieving elderly poverty. Korea’s experience provides policy implications to developing countries.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Zakat Practices in Pati Regency (Case Study: The National Board of Zakat [BAZNAS] Pati Regency, Indonesia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Fitriani .
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Index Method ◽  
National Board ◽  
Index Value ◽  
High Poverty Rate ◽  
Research Show

A crucial problem faced by Indonesia is its high poverty rate. One of the redistribution instruments that can be used to reduce poverty is zakat. The zakat potential of Pati Regency, Indonesia in 2016 was approximately Rp 20 billion, but the funds collected only amounted to around 9 percent of this figure (Rp 1.8 billion). This statistic shows that the management of zakat is not optimized, both in terms of its collection and distribution. This study aims to evaluate the performance of zakat practices, and the influenceof zakat on the welfare of mustahik (recipients of zakat) in Pati Regency, Indonesia. The research was conducted by means of a survey of 100 households of mustahik and interviews. The sampling method that used in this research was purposive sampling technique. Analysis of the result was undertakenusing by National Zakat Index (NZI) and Muti-Stage Weight Index Method. The result of this research show that the performance of zakat practices in Pati Regency is in the “less good” category with an index value of 0.392. Keywords: Poverty, National Zakat Index, Performance of Zakat Practices

scholarly journals Bisphosphonate-Based Molecules as Potential New Antiparasitic Drugs

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joice Castelo Branco Santos ◽  
Jonathas Alves de Melo ◽  
Sweta Maheshwari ◽  
Wendy Marina Toscano Queiroz de Medeiros ◽  
Johny Wysllas de Freitas Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Antiparasitic Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Antiparasitic Drugs ◽  
Antiparasitic Agents

Neglected tropical diseases such as Chagas disease and leishmaniasis affect millions of people around the world. Both diseases affect various parts of the globe and drugs traditionally used in therapy against these diseases have limitations, especially with regard to low efficacy and high toxicity. In this context, the class of bisphosphonate-based compounds has made significant advances regarding the chemical synthesis process as well as the pharmacological properties attributed to these compounds. Among this spectrum of pharmacological activity, bisphosphonate compounds with antiparasitic activity stand out, especially in the treatment of Chagas disease and leishmaniasis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., respectively. Some bisphosphonate compounds can inhibit the mevalonate pathway, an essential metabolic pathway, by interfering with the synthesis of ergosterol, a sterol responsible for the growth and viability of these parasites. Therefore, this review aims to present the information about the importance of these compounds as antiparasitic agents and as potential new drugs to treat Chagas disease and leishmaniasis.

scholarly journals Strategi Pengembangan Wakaf Produktif untuk Kesejahteraan Umat

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisa Fitria Utami
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Rate ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
General Welfare ◽  
Development And Management ◽  
High Poverty Rate

Abstract. The Strategy Of Productive Waqf Management For General Welfare (Case Study On Nadzir Of Malang Islamic University Foundation). The purpose of this research is to find out the strategy of productive waqf management for general welfare that conducted by The Nadzir of Universitas Islam Malang Foundation. Malang City still has a quite high poverty rate that is 4,6%. Waqf is an instrumen in islamic economy that can solve poverty beside zakat. The development of waqf in Malang City is increased every year plus there are many waqf asset that spreaded in all sub-district in Malang City. The Nadzir of Universitas Islam Malang Foundation that domiciled in Malang City was given funds by Kementrian Agama with waqf fund agreement. The purpose of that waqf fund is as the example on productive waqf management. The Nadzir of Universitas Islam Malang Foundation has succeed in developing eleven VIP Rooms in UNISMA Hospital. 70% from the outcomes of that management, are used to development and management of the VIP Rooms and used to develop a minimarket that spreaded in several regions. 20% from the outcomes of productive waqf management was channeled to the 40 mauquf alaih periodically. Abstrak. Strategi Pengelolaan Wakaf Produktif untuk Kesejahteraan Umat (Studi Kasus di Nadzir Yayasan Universitas Islam Malang). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pengelolaan wakaf produktif untuk kesejahteraan umat yang dilakukan oleh Nadzir Yayasan Universitas Islam Malang. Kota Malang masih memiliki tingkat kemiskinan yang cukup tinggi yaitu sebesar 4,6 %. Wakaf merupakan salah satu instrumen dalam ekonomi islam yang mampu mengatasi kemiskinan selain zakat. Perkembangan wakaf di Kota Malang semakin meningkat tiap tahunnya ditambah banyak aset wakaf yang tersebar di seluruh kecamatan di Kota Malang. Nadzir Yayasan Universitas Islam Malang yang berkedudukan di Kota Malang diberi dana oleh Kementrian Agama dengan akad dana wakaf. Tujuan dari dana wakaf tersebut adalah sebagai percontohan dalam pengelolaan wakaf secara produktif. Nadzir Yayasan Universitas Islam Malang telah berhasil membangun Ruang VIP di Rumah Sakit UNISMA sebanyak 11 kamar, 70% dari hasil pengelolaan tersebut digunakan untuk pengembangan dan pengelolaan Ruang VIP serta digunakan untuk membangun minimarket yang tersebar di beberapa daerah. 20% hasil pengelolaan wakaf produktif disalurkan kepada sekitar 40 mauquf alaih secara periodik.

scholarly journals PERAN BAITUL MAL SEBAGAI PENGHIM PERAN BAITUL MAL SEBAGAI PENGHIMPUN DANA ZAKAT DALAM MENANGGULANGI KEMISKINAN DI KOTA LANGSA

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Rate ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
High Poverty Rate

Aceh is one of the provinces with a high poverty rate and is also a region with a high poverty rate in Sumatra, including Langsa City. Therefore, one of the efforts to alleviate poverty in Langsa City is by utilizing zakat funds managed by the Baitul Mal Institute, which will later be distributed to the poor in Langsa City. This study aims to identify the role of the Baitul Mal Institution in alleviating poverty and improving the welfare of the people of Langsa City. From the research results, it is concluded that the distribution of zakat funds to the poor is still ineffective and still not on target so that people still do not feel prosperity.    

scholarly journals Level of Entrepreneurial Success Among Women in the Agribusiness

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S4) ◽  
pp. 202-204
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Job Opportunity ◽  
Success Index ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Poverty Rate

Entrepreneurship has been identified as an important component of economic growth. Very high poverty rate and lack of job opportunity cleared the way for many unemployed young people, which include women, to enter small business units. In this study, the Business Success Index (ESI) was created to assess the success rate of women in agribusiness and the informants were categorized into four classes of very higher success, moderate success, average success and lower success.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Oil And Gas Production On The Nigerian Economy: A Rural Sector Econometric Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Nga Uwakonye ◽  
Gbolahan Solomon Osho ◽  
Hyacinth Anucha
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The People ◽  
Oil Exports ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Poverty Rate

The oil economy of Nigeria is very important to the country, but the people of Nigeria still suffer from a corrupt government. Despite the revenues being brought in from oil exports, the Nigerian government still holds a large unemployment rate and a high poverty rate. This paper shows the amount of oil being produced per day, as well as, the process by which the oil is brought to the market. This paper also shows the labor to GDP ratio, the major exports, and the major imports of Nigeria. Finally, an understanding of the ethnic struggle within Nigeria is looked at, as well as, the illegal oil racketeering that is costing the Nigerian governments billions of dollars. Until the people of Nigeria can take control of its government and rid themselves of the crushing militias that controls the politics in Nigeria, the people are doomed to suffer.

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