Carbon Nanotubes: An Emerging Drug Delivery Carrier in Cancer Therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 558-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biman Kumar Panigrahi ◽  
Amit Kumar Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Noncovalent Interaction ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery

Background: The scope of nanotechnology has been extended to almost every sphere of our daily life. As a result of this, nanocarriers like Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are gaining considerable attention for their use in various therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Objective: The objective of the current article is to review various important features of CNTs that make them as efficient carriers for anticancer drug delivery in cancer therapeutics. Methods: In this review article, different works of literature are reported on various prospective applications of CNTs in the targeting of multiple kinds of cancerous cells of different organs via the loading of various anticancer agents. Results: Actually, CNTs are the 3rd allotropic type of the carbon-fullerenes that are a part of the cylindrical tubular architecture. CNTs possess some excellent physicochemical characteristics and unique structural features that provide an effective platform to deliver anticancer drugs to target specific sites for achieving a high level of therapeutic effectiveness even in cancer therapeutics. For better results, CNTs are functionalized and modified with different classes of therapeutically bioactive molecules via the formation of stable covalent bonding or by the use of supramolecular assemblies based on the noncovalent interaction(s). In recent years, the applications of CNTs for the delivery of various kinds of anticancer drugs and targeting of tumor sites have been reported by various research groups. Conclusion: CNTs represent an emerging nanocarrier material for the delivery and targeting of numerous anticancer drugs in cancer therapeutics.

scholarly journals Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns as Promising Nanotube-Derived Delivery Systems to Treat Cancer

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alazne Moreno-Lanceta ◽  
Mireia Medrano-Bosch ◽  
Pedro Melgar-Lesmes
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Carbon Nanohorns ◽  
Single Walled Carbon

Cancer has become one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, with increasing incidence in recent years. Current pharmacological strategies are not tissue-specific therapies, which hampers their efficacy and results in toxicity in healthy organs. Carbon-based nanomaterials have emerged as promising nanoplatforms for the development of targeted delivery systems to treat diseased cells. Single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNH) are graphene-based horn-shaped nanostructure aggregates with a multitude of versatile features to be considered as suitable nanosystems for targeted drug delivery. They can be easily synthetized and functionalized to acquire the desired physicochemical characteristics, and no toxicological effects have been reported in vivo followed by their administration. This review focuses on the use of SWCNH as drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. Their main applications include their capacity to act as anticancer agents, their use as drug delivery systems for chemotherapeutics, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, gene therapy, and immunosensing. The structure, synthesis, and covalent and non-covalent functionalization of these nanoparticles is also discussed. Although SWCNH are in early preclinical research yet, these nanotube-derived nanostructures demonstrate an interesting versatility pointing them out as promising forthcoming drug delivery systems to target and treat cancer cells.

Anticancer drug delivery systems based on noncovalent interactions between carbon nanotubes and linear–dendritic copolymers

Soft Matter ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 4062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Adeli ◽  
Farahman Hakimpoor ◽  
Masoumeh Ashiri ◽  
Roya Kabiri ◽  
Masoumeh Bavadi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Noncovalent Interactions ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery

scholarly journals HCT116 Cells Cytotoxic Response to Multifuctionalized 5- Fluorouracil MWCNTs Conjugates In Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemalatha K.P. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Hct116 Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Covalent Functionalization ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Functionalized Mwcnts

Nanomaterials are the foundations of Nanotechnology, which are measured in nanoscales, Carbon nanotubes are one of the interesting nanomaterials, studied for over 25 years because of their superlative properties such as high surface area, electrical and thermal conductivity, high biocompatibility, flexibility, resistance to corrosion and nanosize. According to research, carbon nanotubes are applied in sensing, water treatment, and drug delivery, mainly used to deliver the anticancer drugs. In our work, functionalization of multi walled carbon nanotubes done by covalent and non-covalent functionation methods, covalent functionalization showed better dispersing efficiency in aqueous medium and compatible with biological systems with damaging the crystal lattice of carbon nanotubes. Non covalent functionalization helps to derivatized with active compounds, surface adsorption or attachment of various molecules or antibodies, which subsequently helps in targeting the site and to produce therapeutic effects. Different formulations prepared by functionalized MWCNTs and multiple functionalization of MWCNTs done by binding the drug and antibodies to prepare functionalized MWCNTs 5-Fluorouracil complexes. The Cytotoxicity assay was carried out for the obtained new targeting formulations to analyze the effect of all the formulations on HCT116 cell line. The percentage death was determined based on the viability of the cells in the appropriate vehicle controls. In this study, we report the successful functionalization, binding of 5 Fluorouracil, antibodies to MWCNTs, and cells viability of all prepared formulations for the development of novel carbon based anticancer drug delivery system. Functionalized MWCNTs-5-Fluorouracil antibodies composite at concentration above 2.5 µg/mL exhibited ≥ 50% cytotoxicity post normalization with compound control to negate precipitation observed with the compound. All the formulations showed the precipitations indicating antitumor activity and biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of an anticancer drug Isatin inside a host nano-vehicle SWCNT: a molecular dynamics simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zarghami Dehaghani ◽  
Farrokh Yousefi ◽  
Farzad Seidi ◽  
Babak Bagheri ◽  
Amin Hamed Mashhadzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Md Simulation ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules ◽  
Encapsulation Process ◽  
Cellular Components

AbstractThe use of carbon nanotubes as anticancer drug delivery cargo systems is a promising modality as they are able to perforate cellular membranes and transport the carried therapeutic molecules into the cellular components. Our work describes the encapsulation process of a common anticancer drug, Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) as a guest molecule, in a capped single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) host with chirality of (10,10). The encapsulation process was modelled, considering an aqueous solution, by a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation under a canonical NVT ensemble. The interactions between the atoms of Isatin were obtained from the DREIDING force filed. The storage capacity of the capped SWCNT host was evaluated to quantify its capacity to host multiple Isatin molecules. Our results show that the Isatin can be readily trapped inside the volume cavity of the capped SWCNT and it remained stable, as featured by a reduction in the van der Waals forces between Isatin guest and the SWCNT host (at approximately − 30 kcal mol−1) at the end of the MD simulation (15 ns). Moreover, the free energy of encapsulation was found to be − 34 kcal mol−1 suggesting that the Isatin insertion procedure into the SWCNT occurred spontaneously. As calculated, a capped SWCNT (10,10) with a length of 30 Å, was able to host eleven (11) molecules of Isatin, that all remained steadily encapsulated inside the SWCNT volume cavity, showing a potential for the use of carbon nanotubes as drug delivery cargo systems.

scholarly journals Cathepsin B-Responsive Liposomes for Controlled Anticancer Drug Delivery in Hep G2 Cells

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Seulgi Lee ◽  
Su Jeong Song ◽  
Jeil Lee ◽  
Tai Hwan Ha ◽  
Joon Sig Choi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Cathepsin B ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Hep G2 ◽  
Hep G2 Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
G2 Cells

In recent decades, several types of anticancer drugs that inhibit cancer cell growth and cause cell death have been developed for chemotherapeutic application. However, these agents are usually associated with side effects resulting from nonspecific delivery, which may induce cytotoxicity in healthy cells. To reduce the nonspecific delivery issue, nanoparticles have been successfully used for the delivery of anticancer drugs to specific target sites. In this study, a functional polymeric lipid, PEG-GLFG-K(C16)2 (PEG-GLFG, polyethylene glycol-Gly-Leu-Phe-Gly-Lys(C16)2), was synthesized to enable controlled anticancer drug delivery using cathepsin B enzyme-responsive liposomes. The liposomes composed of PEG-GLFG/DOTAP (1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (chloride salt))/DPPC (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine)/cholesterol were prepared and characterized at various ratios. The GLFG liposomes formed were stable liposomes and were degraded when acted upon by cathepsin B enzyme. Doxorubicin (Dox) loaded GLFG liposomes (GLFG/Dox) were observed to exert an effective anticancer effect on Hep G2 cells in vitro and inhibit cancer cell proliferation in a zebrafish model.

scholarly journals Non-Curcuminoids from Turmeric and Their Potential in Cancer Therapy and Anticancer Drug Delivery Formulations

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhila Nair ◽  
Augustine Amalraj ◽  
Joby Jacob ◽  
Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara ◽  
Sreeraj Gopi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Mechanism ◽  
Insight Into

Over the past decades curcuminoids have been extensively studied for their biological activities such as antiulcer, antifibrotic, antiviral, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antimutagenic, antifertility, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, antivenom, antioxidant, antihypotensive, antihypocholesteremic, and anticancer activities. With the perception of limited toxicity and cost, these compounds forms an integral part of cancer research and is well established as a potential anticancer agent. However, only few studies have focused on the other bioactive molecules of turmeric, known as non-curcuminoids, which are also equally potent as curcuminoids. This review aims to explore the comprehensive potency including the identification, physicochemical properties, and anticancer mechanism inclusive of molecular docking studies of non-curcuminoids such as turmerones, elemene, furanodiene (FN), bisacurone, germacrone, calebin A (CA), curdione, and cyclocurcumin. An insight into the clinical studies of these curcumin-free compounds are also discussed which provides ample evidence that favors the therapeutic potential of these compounds. Like curcuminoids, limited solubility and bioavailability are the most fragile domain, which circumscribe further applications of these compounds. Thus, this review credits the encapsulation of non-curcuminoid components in diverse drug delivery systems such as co-crystals, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, microspheres, polar-non-polar sandwich (PNS) technology, which help abolish their shortcomings and flaunt their ostentatious benefits as anticancer activities.

Inhalable Nanostructures for Lung Cancer Treatment: Progress and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Singh ◽  
S. Bhatia ◽  
V. Rana
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Conventional Chemotherapy ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery

Background: Worldwide, lung cancer is the major cause of deaths due to cancer. Most of the lung cancer cases are categorized as 85% cases of non-small cell lung cancer, while remainder 15% cases are known as small cell lung cancer. The long survival time as well as the improved quality of life for patients undergoing lung cancer using conventional chemotherapy is still not satisfactory. Therefore, robust research undergoes development of drug delivery system which increased drug at target side with reduced systemic side effect. Method: Bibliography database reviewed various inhalable nanostructured drug delivery strategies for effective delivery of anticancer drugs to lung cancer which are designed to improve the therapeutic index of anticancer drugs throughout improvement of their stability as well as bioavailability. Results: It has been reported that nanostructure based inhalation chemotherapy is more successful targeting system and also offers reduced side effects than conventional chemotherapy. Conclusion: Thus, the review highlights the critical issues, strategies for delivery and provides detail on various inhalable nanostructures for anticancer drug delivery along with toxicity concerns as well as rationale behind development of inhalable nanostructures.

NANOSTRUCTURED LIPOSOMAL SYSTEMS AS TRANSPORT AGENTS FOR ANTICANCER DRUGS

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Baryshnikov
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Liposomal Formulation ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Chemical Stimuli ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Selective Accumulation

Liposomes quite recently have turned from a model of biological membranes into an object of extensive research and practical use. The versatile traits of liposomal formulation allow its' universal implementation, especially in cancer chemotherapy. The advantages of liposomal use as a carrier of an anticancer drug for its targeted selective accumulation are discussed in this article. This article contains description of new types of liposomes, differing in contents and use, such as: simple, sterically stabilized, targeted (immunoliposomes),cationic, sensitive to physical and chemical stimuli. The characteristics of liposomal systems of anticancer drug delivery designed at Blokhin Russian Oncological Scientific Centre is given in the article.

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