scholarly journals Non-Curcuminoids from Turmeric and Their Potential in Cancer Therapy and Anticancer Drug Delivery Formulations

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhila Nair ◽  
Augustine Amalraj ◽  
Joby Jacob ◽  
Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara ◽  
Sreeraj Gopi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Mechanism ◽  
Insight Into

Over the past decades curcuminoids have been extensively studied for their biological activities such as antiulcer, antifibrotic, antiviral, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antimutagenic, antifertility, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, antivenom, antioxidant, antihypotensive, antihypocholesteremic, and anticancer activities. With the perception of limited toxicity and cost, these compounds forms an integral part of cancer research and is well established as a potential anticancer agent. However, only few studies have focused on the other bioactive molecules of turmeric, known as non-curcuminoids, which are also equally potent as curcuminoids. This review aims to explore the comprehensive potency including the identification, physicochemical properties, and anticancer mechanism inclusive of molecular docking studies of non-curcuminoids such as turmerones, elemene, furanodiene (FN), bisacurone, germacrone, calebin A (CA), curdione, and cyclocurcumin. An insight into the clinical studies of these curcumin-free compounds are also discussed which provides ample evidence that favors the therapeutic potential of these compounds. Like curcuminoids, limited solubility and bioavailability are the most fragile domain, which circumscribe further applications of these compounds. Thus, this review credits the encapsulation of non-curcuminoid components in diverse drug delivery systems such as co-crystals, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, microspheres, polar-non-polar sandwich (PNS) technology, which help abolish their shortcomings and flaunt their ostentatious benefits as anticancer activities.

scholarly journals Plant-Derived Nano and Microvesicles for Human Health and Therapeutic Potential in Nanomedicine

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Mariaevelina Alfieri ◽  
Antonietta Leone ◽  
Alfredo Ambrosone
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

Plants produce different types of nano and micro-sized vesicles. Observed for the first time in the 60s, plant nano and microvesicles (PDVs) and their biological role have been inexplicably under investigated for a long time. Proteomic and metabolomic approaches revealed that PDVs carry numerous proteins with antifungal and antimicrobial activity, as well as bioactive metabolites with high pharmaceutical interest. PDVs have also been shown to be also involved in the intercellular transfer of small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs, suggesting fascinating mechanisms of long-distance gene regulation and horizontal transfer of regulatory RNAs and inter-kingdom communications. High loading capacity, intrinsic biological activities, biocompatibility, and easy permeabilization in cell compartments make plant-derived vesicles excellent natural or bioengineered nanotools for biomedical applications. Growing evidence indicates that PDVs may exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anticancer activities in different in vitro and in vivo models. In addition, clinical trials are currently in progress to test the effectiveness of plant EVs in reducing insulin resistance and in preventing side effects of chemotherapy treatments. In this review, we concisely introduce PDVs, discuss shortly their most important biological and physiological roles in plants and provide clues on the use and the bioengineering of plant nano and microvesicles to develop innovative therapeutic tools in nanomedicine, able to encompass the current drawbacks in the delivery systems in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical technology. Finally, we predict that the advent of intense research efforts on PDVs may disclose new frontiers in plant biotechnology applied to nanomedicine.

scholarly journals Natural Compounds as Regulators of the Cancer Cell Metabolism

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Cerella ◽  
Flavia Radogna ◽  
Mario Dicato ◽  
Marc Diederich
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Cancer Cell Metabolism ◽  
Altered Metabolism ◽  
And Migration

Even though altered metabolism is an “old” physiological mechanism, only recently its targeting became a therapeutically interesting strategy and by now it is considered an emerging hallmark of cancer. Nevertheless, a very poor number of compounds are under investigation as potential modulators of cell metabolism. Candidate agents should display selectivity of action towards cancer cells without side effects. This ideal favorable profile would perfectly overlap the requisites of new anticancer therapies and chemopreventive strategies as well. Nature represents a still largely unexplored source of bioactive molecules with a therapeutic potential. Many of these compounds have already been characterized for their multiple anticancer activities. Many of them are absorbed with the diet and therefore possess a known profile in terms of tolerability and bioavailability compared to newly synthetized chemical compounds. The discovery of important cross-talks between mediators of the most therapeutically targeted aberrancies in cancer (i.e., cell proliferation, survival, and migration) and the metabolic machinery allows to predict the possibility that many anticancer activities ascribed to a number of natural compounds may be due, in part, to their ability of modulating metabolic pathways. In this review, we attempt an overview of what is currently known about the potential of natural compounds as modulators of cancer cell metabolism.

scholarly journals Synthesis and biological activity of 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing triazine scaffolds

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e3
Author(s):  
Xu Tang ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Shijun Su ◽  
Rongjiao Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Half Maximal Effective Concentration ◽  
Triazine Derivatives ◽  
Virus Coat

Background Literatures revealed that 1,4-pentadien-3-one and triazine derivatives exhibited a wide variety of biological activities. In order to develop highly bioactive molecules, in this study, a series of novel 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing triazine moieties were synthesized and their antibacterial and antiviral activities were investigated. Methods A series of novel 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing triazine moieties were synthesized and characterized in detail via 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectra. The antibacterial activities against Xanthomonas axonopodispv. citri (Xac), Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae (Xoo) and Ralstonia solanacearum (R.s) were evaluated at 100 and 50 µg/mL using a turbidimeter and N. tabacun L. leaves under the same age as that of test subjects. The curative, protective and inactivation activities against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) at a concentration of 500 µg/mL were evaluated via the half-leaf blight spot method. Results The bioassay results showed that some of the target compounds exhibited fine antibacterial activities against Xac and R.s. Particularly, half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of some target compounds against R.s are visibly better than that of the positive control bismerthiazol (BT). Notably, compound 4a showed excellent inactivation activity against TMV with a EC50 value of 12.5 µg/mL, which was superior to that ofningnanmycin (NNM,13.5 µg/mL). Besides, molecular docking studies for 4awith tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (TMV-CP) showed that the compound was embedded well in the pocket between the two subunits of TMV-CP. These findings indicate that 1,4-pentadien-3-one derivatives containing triazine moieties may be potential antiviral and antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals Biological Activities of Extracts from Aerial Parts of Salvia pachyphylla Epling Ex Munz

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Almada-Taylor ◽  
Laura Díaz-Rubio ◽  
Ricardo Salazar-Aranda ◽  
Noemí Waksman de Torres ◽  
Carla Uranga-Solis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Typically Develop ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Representative Cell ◽  
A Cell

The antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and enzyme inhibitory properties of five extracts from aerial parts of Salvia pachyphylla Epling ex Munz were examined to assess the prospective of this plant as a source of natural products with therapeutic potential. These properties were analyzed by performing a set of standard assays. The extract obtained with dichloromethane showed the most variety of components, as they yielded promising results in all completed assays. Furthermore, the extract obtained with ethyl acetate exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity, as well as the best xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. Remarkably, both extracts obtained with n-hexane or dichloromethane revealed significant antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria; additionally, they showed greater antiproliferative activity against three representative cell lines of the most common types of cancers in women worldwide, and against a cell line that exemplifies cancers that typically develop drug resistance. Despite that, other extracts were less active, such as the methanolic or aqueous; their results are promising for the isolation and identification of novel bioactive molecules.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles Based Drug Delivery Systems: A Short Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjith Ramanujam ◽  
Balraj Sundaram ◽  
Ganesh Janarthanan ◽  
Elamparithi Devendran ◽  
Moorthy Venkadasalam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Nanoprecipitation Method

Nanoparticles based drug delivery systems showing greater potential in various biomedical applications to deliver the drugs/bioactive molecules in controlled manner to the targeted site. Polycaprolactone, biodegradable polyester, owing its tailorable properties, various forms of polycaprolactone are used as drug carrier for a range of biomedical applications. Nanoprecipitation is a simple method to prepare the polycaprolactone nanoparticles to improve the bioavailability and therapeutic potential of various drugs/bioactive molecules. This short review focused on the preparation of polycaprolactone nanoparticles using nanoprecipitation method, nanoparticles-drug formulations and its use in various drug delivery applications.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds of Rumex roseus L. Extracts and Their Effect as Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mohamed Marouane Saoudi ◽  
Jalloul Bouajila ◽  
Khaled Alouani
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hydroxybutanoic Acid ◽  
Chemical Groups

Rumex roseus L. (R. roseus) is acknowledged as an aromatic plant. For its excellent biological properties, it was used as a traditional medicine. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the chemical components and their effect as the biological activities of Tunisian extracts of R. roseus. Consecutive extractions by cold maceration of the aerial part with solvents of increasing polarity (cyclohexane (CYH), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH)) were performed, and the different chemical groups (phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, etc.) were identified. In addition, the volatile compounds of the obtained extracts were identified before and after derivatization. Moreover, their antioxidant and anticancer activities were evaluated. The analysis of HPLC-DAD revealed the identification of 18 components from organic extracts, among them are, for example, chlorogenic acid and shikonin, while GC-MS analysis allowed the detection of 34 volatile compounds. Some of those compounds were identified for the first time in plant extracts such as pyrazolo[3,4-d] pyrimidine-3,4(2H,5H)-dione (1); L-proline (16); 2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid (19); L-(-)-arabitol (23); D-(-)-fructopyranose (25); and D-(+)-talopyranose (27). DPPH tests revealed that the most important antioxidant activity was found in the methanolic extract with 75.2% inhibition at 50 mg/L and that the highest cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 was recorded in the dichloromethane extract with 62.1 and 80.0% inhibition at 50 mg/L, respectively. The biological activities were fully correlated with the chemical composition of the different extracts. So, we can suggest that R. roseus is a source of bioactive molecules that could be considered potential alternatives for use in dietary supplements for the prevention or treatment of diseases.

Structure and Bioactivities of Porphyrans and Oligoporphyrans

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1163-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Geng ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Zhongshan Zhang ◽  
Yang Yue ◽  
Quanbin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water

Background: Pyropia (Porphyra), commonly known as nori or laver, is an important food source in many parts of the world. Edible dried Pyropia contains numerous nutrients and biofunctional components, including proteins, vitamins, eicosapentaenoic acid, minerals, carotenoids, mycosporine-like amino acids, and carbohydrate, and one of the compounds which we are interested in is porphyran, a sulfated polysaccharide comprising the hot-water-soluble portion of Pyropia cell walls. Researchers have performed a large number of in-depth studies on the biological activity and potential therapeutic applications of porphyrans and oligoporphyrans. Methods: This mini review aims to provide comprehensive and update overview on the source, extraction, structure, biological activities and structure-activity relationships of porphyrans and oligoporphyrans based on the studies in the past 30 years which were included in Web of Science. Results: The structure of porphyran has been basically determined given that its straight chain is relatively simple, and the skeleton structure has been described. The extraction methods were simplified continuously, but different extraction methods and post- processing methods still had great influence on the structure and composition of porphyran, so there was no standardized extraction process which can achieve quality control until now. In order to obtain oligoporphyrans, there are a variety of degradation methods, including chemical method, physical method and enzymatic method, but it is worth mentioning that specific degradation enzyme is still unavailable. Studies on the biological and pharmacology properties include antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, anti-cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and drug delivery. Conclusion: Owing to the therapeutic potential and drug delivery applications, porphyran and oligoporphyrans are expected to be further developed as a medicine against human diseases, as well as a supplement in cosmetics and health products.

Thespesia populnea: An Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Vishwakarma ◽  
Poonam Arora ◽  
Mahaveer Dhobi
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Thespesia Populnea ◽  
Wide Range

: Thespesia populnea, family, Malvaceae, commonly known as paras pipal and Indian tulip tree, is widely distributed in coastal forests of India and south-eastern areas. The plant is medicinally used for the treatment of numerous diseases including cutaneous infections, brain and liver disorders.The review summarizes all the information related to botanical characteristics, traditional uses, chemical components and biological activities of T. populnea, in order to exploit therapeutic potential of this plant.x.The available information about T. populnea was collected through the online search on Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer and Google Scholar. T. populnea is widely explored concerning its phytochemistry and biological activities. Amongst all phytoconstituents present in Thespesia, sesquiterpenes and phenolic compounds are major bioactive ingredients in plant. Experimental studies show that these compounds exhibit a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, analgesic, wound healing, anti-alzheimer, anti-ulcer and anti-psoriasis in in vitro and in vivo animal studies.To sum up, the plant, T. populnea, possess high medicinal and social value, that deserves further investigation. T. populnea is promising plant to be utilized in the development of pharmaceutical drug products. However, there is a lack of scientific studies to confirm its ethnopharmcological uses. In addition, further studies on isolation of bioactive molecules and their pharmacological studies are recommended that could be of great significance towards clinical application of this plant.

scholarly journals The Structural Characteristics of Seaweed Polysaccharides and Their Application in Gel Drug Delivery Systems

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Haowei Zhong ◽  
Xiaoran Gao ◽  
Cui Cheng ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Qiaowen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery

In recent years, researchers across various fields have shown a keen interest in the exploitation of biocompatible natural polymer materials, especially the development and application of seaweed polysaccharides. Seaweed polysaccharides are a multi-component mixture composed of one or more monosaccharides, which have the functions of being anti-virus, anti-tumor, anti-mutation, anti-radiation and enhancing immunity. These biological activities allow them to be applied in various controllable and sustained anti-inflammatory and anticancer drug delivery systems, such as seaweed polysaccharide-based nanoparticles, microspheres and gels, etc. This review summarizes the advantages of alginic acid, carrageenan and other seaweed polysaccharides, and focuses on their application in gel drug delivery systems (such as nanogels, microgels and hydrogels). In addition, recent literature reports and applications of seaweed polysaccharides are also discussed.

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