Hyaluronan based Multifunctional Nano-carriers for Combination Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menghan Gao ◽  
Hong Deng ◽  
Weiqi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Combination Cancer Therapy ◽  
Targeting Strategy

: Hyaluronan (HA) is a natural linear polysaccharide that has excellent hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity, making it one of the most attractive biopolymers used for biomedical researches and applications. Due to the multiple functional sites on HA and its intrinsic affinity for CD44, a receptor highly expressed on various cancer cells, HA has been widely engineered to construct different drug-loading nanoparticles (NPs) for CD44- targeted anti-tumor therapy. When a cocktail of drugs is co-loaded in HA NP, a multifunctional nano-carriers could be obtained, which features as a highly effective and self-targeting strategy to combat the cancers with CD44 overexpression. The HA-based multidrug nano-carriers can be a combination of different drugs, various therapeutic modalities, or the integration of therapy and diagnostics (theranostics). Up to now, there are many types of HA-based multidrug nano-carriers constructed by different formulation strategies including drug co-conjugates, micelles, nano-gels and hybrid NP of HA and so on. This multidrug nano-carrier takes the full advantages of HA as NP matrix, drug carriers and targeting ligand, representing a simplified and biocompatible platform to realize the targeted and synergistic combination therapy against the cancers. In this review, recent progresses about HA-based multidrug nano-carriers for combination cancer therapy are summarized and its potential challenges for translational applications have been discussed.

Preclinical investigations revealed possibilities for Salmonella tumor treatment. Bacteria can also be coupled to nanomaterials enabling drug-loading, photocatalytic and/or magnetic properties, using the bacteria's net negative charge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Negative Charge ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Virulence Attenuation

Except in human clinical trials, preclinical tests showed the potential of Salmonella bacteria for tumor therapy. There are still various challenges to tackle before salmonella bacteria may be employed to treat human cancer. Due to its pathogenic nature, attenuation is essential to minimize the host's harmful effects of bacterial infection. Loss of anticancer efficacy from bacterial virulence attenuation can be compensated by giving therapeutic payloads to microorganisms. Bacteria can also be linked to micro-or nanomaterials with diverse properties, such as drug-loaded, photocatalytic and/or magnetic-sensing nanoparticles, using the net negative charge of the bacteria. Combining bacteria-mediated cancer treatment with other medicines that have been clinically shown to be helpful but have limits may provide surprising therapeutic results. Recently, this strategy has received attention and is underway. The use of live germs for cancer treatment has not yet been approved for human clinical trials. The non-invasive oral form of administration benefits from safety, making it more suitable for clinical cancer patients.Infection of live germs through systemic means, on the other hand, involves toxicity risk. Although Salmonella bacteria can be genetically manipulated with high tumor targeting, harm to normal tissues can not be excluded when medications with nonspecific toxicity are administered. It is preferred if the action of selected drugs may be restricted to the tumor site rather than healthy tissues, thereby boosting cancer therapy safety. In recent years, many regulatory mechanisms have been developed to manage pharmaceutical distribution through live bacterial vectors. Engineered salmonella can accumulate 1000 times greater than normal tissue density in the tumor. The QS-regulated mechanism, which initiates gene expression when bacterial density exceeds a particular threshold level, also promises Salmonella bacteria for targeted medication delivery. Nanovesicle structures of Salmonella bacteria can also be used as biocompatible nanocarriers to deliver functional medicinal chemicals in cancer therapy. Surface-modified nanovesicles preferably attach to tumor cells and are swallowed by receptor-mediated endocytosis before being destroyed to release packed drugs. The xenograft methodology, which comprises the implantation of cultivated tumor cell lines into immunodeficient mice, has often been used in preclinical research revealing favorable results about the anticancer effects of genetically engineered salmonella.

A Low Dose of Hydrous Icaritin Nano-Formulation with Remarkable Efficacy and Tumor Targeting in Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 2003-2013
Author(s):  
Jingxin Fu ◽  
Yian Wang ◽  
Haowen Li ◽  
Likang Lu ◽  
Hui Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Tumor Inhibition ◽  
Nano Formulation ◽  
Tumor Inhibition Rate

Background: The use of chemotherapeutic drugs is restricted in the tumor-therapy because of the severely toxic and side effects among most important factors. The active herbal extracts are always used as a high dose while in the tumortherapy to achieve good anti-tumor effects. Hydrous icaritin has a high activity while there are few existing dosage forms as a result of low solubility in water and poor bioavailability. Results: The prepared hydrous icaritin nanorods (DP-HICT NRs) using mPEG2000-DSPE as a stabilizer, presented a narrow distribution of particle size with of 217 nm and a properly high drug-loading content of approximately 65.3±1.5%. A low dose of hydrous icaritin nano-formulation shows remarkable efficacy in cancer therapy (tumor inhibition rate: 61.36±10.80%) compared with the same dose of Paclitaxel injection (tumor inhibition rate: 66.80±4.43%), which approved as medicaments. Not only that, DP-HICT NRs can escape the clearance of the immune system and enhance targeting ability to the tumor site with only one excipient and such a low dose. Conclusions: This kind of nanoparticles contain a low dose of HICT used mPEG2000-DSPE as a stabilizer, while can achieve good tumor targeting as some active targeting agents and an anti-tumor effect as the PTX injection. There are broad prospects in drug safety, anti-tumor efficacy and even prognosis.

scholarly journals Combination Cancer Therapy Using Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered Natural Killer Cells as Drug Carriers

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2607-2619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. Siegler ◽  
Yu Jeong Kim ◽  
Xianhui Chen ◽  
Natnaree Siriwon ◽  
John Mac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Killer Cells ◽  
Combination Cancer Therapy

Hyaluronic acid-modified zirconium phosphate nanoparticles for potential lung cancer therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranwei Li ◽  
Tiecheng Liu ◽  
Ke Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Zirconium Phosphate ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Lung Cancer Therapy ◽  
Targeting Ability ◽  
A549 Lung

AbstractNovel tumor-targeting zirconium phosphate (ZP) nanoparticles modified with hyaluronic acid (HA) were developed (HA-ZP), with the aim of combining the drug-loading property of ZP and the tumor-targeting ability of HA to construct a tumor-targeting paclitaxel (PTX) delivery system for potential lung cancer therapy. The experimental results indicated that PTX loading into the HA-ZP nanoparticles was as high as 20.36%±4.37%, which is favorable for cancer therapy. PTX-loaded HA-ZP nanoparticles increased the accumulation of PTX in A549 lung cancer cells via HA-mediated endocytosis and exhibited superior anticancer activity

scholarly journals MicroRNA-Based Combinatorial Cancer Therapy: Effects of MicroRNAs on the Efficacy of Anti-Cancer Therapies

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Ah Seo ◽  
Sokviseth Moeng ◽  
Seokmin Sim ◽  
Hyo Jeong Kuh ◽  
Soo Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Therapeutic Resistance ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Therapeutic Responses

The susceptibility of cancer cells to different types of treatments can be restricted by intrinsic and acquired therapeutic resistance, leading to the failure of cancer regression and remission. To overcome this problem, a combination therapy has been proposed as a fundamental strategy to improve therapeutic responses; however, resistance is still unavoidable. MicroRNA (miRNAs) are associated with cancer therapeutic resistance. The modulation of dysregulated miRNA levels through miRNA-based therapy comprising a replacement or inhibition approach has been proposed to sensitize cancer cells to other anti-cancer therapies. The combination of miRNA-based therapy with other anti-cancer therapies (miRNA-based combinatorial cancer therapy) is attractive, due to the ability of miRNAs to target multiple genes associated with the signaling pathways controlling therapeutic resistance. In this article, we present an overview of recent findings on the role of therapeutic resistance-related miRNAs in different types of cancer. We review the feasibility of utilizing dysregulated miRNAs in cancer cells and extracellular vesicles as potential candidates for miRNA-based combinatorial cancer therapy. We also discuss innate properties of miRNAs that need to be considered for more effective combinatorial cancer therapy.

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide nanomaterials for combination cancer therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1873-1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linji Gong ◽  
Liang Yan ◽  
Ruyi Zhou ◽  
Jiani Xie ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Combination Cancer Therapy

In this review, we mainly summarize the latest advances in the utilization of 2D TMDCs for PTT combination cancer therapy and imaging-guided cancer combination therapy, as well as their toxicity bothin vitroandin vivo.

scholarly journals Lanthanide Europium MOF Nanocomposite as the Theranostic Nanoplatform for Microwave Thermo-Chemotherapy and Fluorescence Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lirong Zhao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Changhui Fu ◽  
Xiangling Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Liver Cancer Cells ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Metal Organic

Abstract Backgrounds: Microwave sensitization nanoplatform, integrating multiple functional units for improving tumor selectivity, is of great significance for clinical tumor microwave therapy. Lanthanide europium metal organic framework materials (EuMOF) are expected to be a theranostic nanoplatform owing to its specific luminescent properties and microwave sensitization properties. However, it is difficult to be applied to complex biological systems for EuMOF due to its rapid degradation induced by the solvent molecular and ionic environment. In this work, a luminescent EuMOF nanocomposite (EuMOF@ZIF/AP-PEG, named EZAP) was designed, which brought the multifunctional characteristics of microwave sensitization, fluorescence imaging and drug loading. Results Lamellar EuMOF was synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Through the charge adsorption mechanism, the zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF) structure was densely assembled on the surface of EuMOF to realize the protection. Then, through in-situ apatinib drug loading and PEG modification, EZAP nanocomposite was finally obtained. Apatinib (AP) was a kind of chemotherapy drug approved by Food and Drug Administration for clinical use. PEG modification increased long-term circulation of EZAP nanocomposite. The physical and chemical structure and properties of EuMOF@ZIF (EZ) were systematically represented, indicating the successful synthesis of the nanocomposite. The toxic and side effects were negligible at a safe dose. The growth of human liver cancer cells and murine liver cancer cells in vitro was significantly inhibited, and the combined microwave-thermal therapy and chemotherapy in vivo achieved high anti-cancer efficacy. Moreover, EZAP nanocomposite possessed bright red fluorescence, which had good ability for tumor imaging in tumor-bearing mice in vivo. Conclusion Therefore, EZAP nanocomposite showed high microwave sensitization, excellent fluorescence properties and good drug loading capacity, establishing a promising theranostic nanoplatform for tumor therapy and fluorescence imaging. This work proposes a unique strategy to design for the first time a multifunctional nanoplatform with lanthanide metal organic frameworks for tumor treatment and diagnosis in the biological application.

Control of Cancer Growth Using Two Input Autonomous Fuzzy Nanoparticles

NANO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Razmi ◽  
Reihaneh Kardehi Moghaddam ◽  
Alireza Rowhanimanesh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Simulation Results

A major challenge in cancer therapy is destroying cancer cells with least side effects on healthy cells. In this paper, autonomous drug-encapsulated nanoparticle (ADENP) with a real feedback control is recommended to prevent from the growth of cancerous tumors and treatment of them. The proposed ADENPs, swarmly perform local drug delivery which leads to significant reduction in side effects on healthy tissues in comparison to global drug delivery. The proposed ADENPs every moment, take feedback directly from drugs and cancer cells and at any time decide how much drugs to release. Also, these ADENPs have the capability of distinguishing unhealthy from healthy tissues, and medication use of these nanoparticles is more efficient than drug carriers. Another feature of these ADENPs is their simple structure in comparison to nanorobots. Simulation results show that ADENPs successfully reduce the number of cancer cells with minimal side effects.

scholarly journals Chemodynamic nanomaterials for cancer theranostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingqi Xin ◽  
Caiting Deng ◽  
Omer Aras ◽  
Mengjiao Zhou ◽  
Chunsheng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Hypoxic Condition ◽  
Anticancer Efficacy ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
The One ◽  
Cancer Theranostics ◽  
New Strategies

AbstractIt is of utmost urgency to achieve effective and safe anticancer treatment with the increasing mortality rate of cancer. Novel anticancer drugs and strategies need to be designed for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Fenton- and Fenton-like reaction-based chemodynamic therapy (CDT) are new strategies to enhance anticancer efficacy due to their capacity to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxygen (O2). On the one hand, the generated ROS can damage the cancer cells directly. On the other hand, the generated O2 can relieve the hypoxic condition in the tumor microenvironment (TME) which hinders efficient photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, etc. Therefore, CDT can be used together with many other therapeutic strategies for synergistically enhanced combination therapy. The antitumor applications of Fenton- and Fenton-like reaction-based nanomaterials will be discussed in this review, including: (iþ) producing abundant ROS in-situ to kill cancer cells directly, (ii) enhancing therapeutic efficiency indirectly by Fenton reaction-mediated combination therapy, (iii) diagnosis and monitoring of cancer therapy. These strategies exhibit the potential of CDT-based nanomaterials for efficient cancer therapy.

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